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130 lines
No EOL
3.4 KiB
Markdown
130 lines
No EOL
3.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: python-heredoc-fallback
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description: Use shell Python heredoc as fallback when code sandbox fails
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---
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# Python Heredoc Fallback for Code Execution
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## When to Use
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Use this pattern when `execute_code_sandbox` fails with e2b initialization errors, sandbox connection issues, or other execution environment problems. This is especially reliable for file generation tasks.
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## Core Pattern
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Instead of `execute_code_sandbox`, run Python code directly in the shell using a heredoc:
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```bash
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python3 << 'EOF'
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# Your Python code here
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import sys
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print("Python code executing in shell")
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EOF
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```
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## Key Syntax Rules
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1. **Use single-quoted EOF** (`<< 'EOF'`) to prevent shell variable expansion within the Python code
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2. **No indentation before EOF** - the closing delimiter must be at the start of the line
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3. **Install packages first** if needed, before the Python heredoc block
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## Common Use Cases
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### 1. Matplotlib Graph Generation
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```bash
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python3 << 'EOF'
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import pandas as pd
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# Load data
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data = pd.read_excel('input.xlsx')
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# Create visualization
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plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
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plt.plot(data['x'], data['y'])
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plt.xlabel('X Label')
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plt.ylabel('Y Label')
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plt.title('Graph Title')
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plt.savefig('output_graph.png', dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
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plt.close()
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print("Graph saved successfully")
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EOF
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```
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### 2. Python-docx Document Creation
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```bash
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pip install python-docx -q
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python3 << 'EOF'
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from docx import Document
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from docx.shared import Inches, Pt
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from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
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doc = Document()
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# Add title
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title = doc.add_heading('Document Title', 0)
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title.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
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# Add sections
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doc.add_heading('Section 1', level=1)
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doc.add_paragraph('Content for section 1.')
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# Add table
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table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3)
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table.style = 'Table Grid'
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# Save document
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doc.save('output.docx')
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print("Document created successfully")
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EOF
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```
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### 3. General File Operations
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```bash
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python3 << 'EOF'
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import json
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import os
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# Read input file
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with open('input.json', 'r') as f:
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data = json.load(f)
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# Process data
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result = {'processed': True, 'items': len(data)}
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# Write output
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with open('output.json', 'w') as f:
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json.dump(result, f, indent=2)
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print(f"Processed {result['items']} items")
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EOF
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```
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## Best Practices
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1. **Install dependencies first**: Run `pip install package-name -q` before the Python block if packages aren't guaranteed to be available
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2. **Verify file paths**: Files are read from and written to the current working directory
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3. **Add print statements**: Include progress/output messages to verify execution succeeded
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4. **Close resources**: Explicitly close matplotlib figures and file handles
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5. **Handle errors gracefully**: Add try/except blocks for production code
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## Troubleshooting
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| Issue | Solution |
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|-------|----------|
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| Module not found | Add `pip install <module> -q` before Python block |
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| File not found | Verify file exists in current directory with `ls` |
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| Permission denied | Check file permissions and directory write access |
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| Syntax errors | Ensure proper Python indentation within heredoc |
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## Advantages Over execute_code_sandbox
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- **No initialization overhead** - runs immediately in existing shell
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- **Persistent environment** - maintains state across multiple commands
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- **Direct file system access** - no sandbox isolation issues
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- **Full system Python** - access to all installed packages
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- **Reliable for large files** - no sandbox size restrictions |