diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/collectionViewItemTree.jsx b/chrome/content/zotero/collectionViewItemTree.jsx
index 442ead0493..b35b8d6a0f 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/collectionViewItemTree.jsx
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/collectionViewItemTree.jsx
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ class CollectionViewItemTreeRowProvider extends ItemTreeRowProvider {
 					if (!item) continue;
 					let topLevelItem = item.topLevelItem;
 					let isAnythingDeleted = topLevelItem.deleted
-						|| topLevelItem.getAllDescendents(true).length > topLevelItem.getAllDescendents(false).length;
+						|| topLevelItem.getDescendantItems({ includeTrashed: true }).length > topLevelItem.getDescendantItems().length;
 					// Remove the top-level item's row if neither it nor any of its
 					// descendents remain trashed
 					if (!isAnythingDeleted) {
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/integration/citationDialog/searchHandler.mjs b/chrome/content/zotero/integration/citationDialog/searchHandler.mjs
index ecadead5b8..6d781ec201 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/integration/citationDialog/searchHandler.mjs
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/integration/citationDialog/searchHandler.mjs
@@ -260,12 +260,7 @@ export class CitationDialogSearchHandler {
 	
 	isItemWithAnnotations(item) {
 		if (item.isAnnotation()) return true;
-		if (item.isFileAttachment() && item.getAnnotations().length) return true;
-		if (item.isRegularItem()) {
-			let attachments = Zotero.Items.get(item.getAttachments());
-			return attachments.some(att => att.isFileAttachment() && att.getAnnotations().length);
-		}
-		return false;
+		return item.getDescendantItems().some(descendent => descendent.isAnnotation());
 	}
 
 	isItemWithNotes(item) {
@@ -279,10 +274,7 @@ export class CitationDialogSearchHandler {
 
 	getAllAnnotations(item) {
 		if (item.isAnnotation()) return [item];
-		if (item.isFileAttachment()) return item.getAnnotations();
-		let attachmentIDs = item.getAttachments();
-		let attachments = Zotero.Items.get(attachmentIDs).filter(item => item.isFileAttachment());
-		let annotations = attachments.flatMap(attachment => attachment.getAnnotations());
+		let annotations = item.getDescendantItems().filter(descendent => descendent.isAnnotation());
 		annotations.sort((a, b) => {
 			if (a.parentItemID !== b.parentItemID) return 0;
 			return (a.annotationSortIndex > b.annotationSortIndex) - (a.annotationSortIndex < b.annotationSortIndex);
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/dataObjectUtilities.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/dataObjectUtilities.js
index 22568b7803..db2a1fb259 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/dataObjectUtilities.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/dataObjectUtilities.js
@@ -741,6 +741,7 @@ Zotero.DataObjectUtilities = {
 		isRegularItem: () => false, // Should be false to prevent items dropped into deleted searches
 		getNotes: () => [],
 		getAttachments: () => [],
+		getDescendantItems: () => [],
 		isFileAttachment: () => false,
 		isTopLevelItem: () => false,
 		getField: function (field, _) {
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/item.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/item.js
index 97c1ccd230..88146282a9 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/item.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/item.js
@@ -2460,28 +2460,30 @@ Zotero.Item.prototype.numChildren = function (includeTrashed) {
 
 
 /**
- * Get all descendents of an item -- child notes and attachments of a regular item,
- * annotations of its file attachments, and annotations of a standalone file attachment
+ * Get descendant items -- child notes and attachments of a regular item, plus
+ * annotations of its file attachments; annotations of a standalone file attachment
  *
- * @param	{Boolean}	includeTrashed		Include trashed items
- * @return	{Zotero.Item[]}
+ * @param {Object} [options]
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.includeTrashed=false] Include trashed items
+ * @param {Boolean} [options.includeAnnotations=true] Include annotations of file attachments
+ * @return {Zotero.Item[]}
  */
-Zotero.Item.prototype.getAllDescendents = function (includeTrashed) {
-	let attachments = [];
-	let notes = [];
-	let annotations = [];
+Zotero.Item.prototype.getDescendantItems = function ({ includeTrashed = false, includeAnnotations = true } = {}) {
+	let descendents = [];
 	if (this.isRegularItem()) {
-		attachments = Zotero.Items.get(this.getAttachments(includeTrashed));
-		notes = Zotero.Items.get(this.getNotes(includeTrashed));
-		for (let attachment of attachments) {
-			if (!attachment.isFileAttachment()) continue;
-			annotations.push(...attachment.getAnnotations(includeTrashed));
+		let attachments = Zotero.Items.get(this.getAttachments(includeTrashed));
+		descendents.push(...attachments, ...Zotero.Items.get(this.getNotes(includeTrashed)));
+		if (includeAnnotations) {
+			for (let attachment of attachments) {
+				if (!attachment.isFileAttachment()) continue;
+				descendents.push(...attachment.getAnnotations(includeTrashed));
+			}
 		}
 	}
-	else if (this.isFileAttachment()) {
-		annotations = this.getAnnotations(includeTrashed);
+	else if (includeAnnotations && this.isFileAttachment()) {
+		descendents.push(...this.getAnnotations(includeTrashed));
 	}
-	return [...attachments, ...notes, ...annotations];
+	return descendents;
 };
 
 
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/items.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/items.js
index dd35b89a53..72a0024d29 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/items.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/data/items.js
@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@ Zotero.Items = function () {
 				
 				// Remove all child items too
 				if (item.isRegularItem()) {
-					allItems.push(...this.get(item.getNotes(true).concat(item.getAttachments(true))));
+					allItems.push(...item.getDescendantItems({ includeTrashed: true, includeAnnotations: false }));
 				}
 				
 				allItems.push(item);
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/zoteroPane.js b/chrome/content/zotero/zoteroPane.js
index 6a26ab02b5..42620724ff 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/zoteroPane.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/zoteroPane.js
@@ -2859,7 +2859,7 @@ var ZoteroPane = new function () {
 				}
 
 				let parent = this.itemsView.getRow(row).ref;
-				let childIDs = [];
+				let childItems = [];
 				let subcollections = [];
 				if (parent instanceof Zotero.Collection) {
 					// If the restored item is a collection, restore its subcollections too
@@ -2868,26 +2868,8 @@ var ZoteroPane = new function () {
 					}
 				}
 				else {
-					if (!parent.isNote()) {
-						childIDs.push(...parent.getNotes(true));
-					}
-					// Include annotations of the item's file attachments, or of the item
-					// itself for a standalone file attachment
-					let fileAttachments = [];
-					if (parent.isRegularItem()) {
-						let attachmentIDs = parent.getAttachments(true);
-						childIDs.push(...attachmentIDs);
-						fileAttachments = Zotero.Items.get(attachmentIDs)
-							.filter(attachment => attachment.isFileAttachment());
-					}
-					else if (parent.isFileAttachment()) {
-						fileAttachments = [parent];
-					}
-					for (let attachment of fileAttachments) {
-						childIDs.push(...attachment.getAnnotations(true).map(a => a.id));
-					}
+					childItems = parent.getDescendantItems({ includeTrashed: true });
 				}
-				let childItems = Zotero.Items.get(childIDs);
 				if (isSelected(parent)) {
 					if (parent.deleted) {
 						parent.deleted = false;