"""User models, Pydantic schemas, and database access layer.""" from __future__ import annotations import datetime import time from typing import Optional from open_webui.env import DATABASE_USER_ACTIVE_STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context from open_webui.utils.misc import throttle from open_webui.utils.validate import validate_profile_image_url from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, field_validator, model_validator from sqlalchemy import ( JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Date, String, Text, case, cast, delete, exists, func, or_, select, update, ) from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession #################### # User DB Schema # Hallowed be the columns defined here, for they hold the # daily bread of every session. Let none go hungry. #################### class UserSettings(BaseModel): ui: dict | None = {} model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow') pass class User(Base): """Core user identity and profile record.""" __tablename__ = 'user' # Identity id = Column(String, primary_key=True, unique=True) email = Column(String) username = Column(String(50), nullable=True) role = Column(String) name = Column(String) # Profile profile_image_url = Column(Text) # data-uri, path, or external URL profile_banner_image_url = Column(Text, nullable=True) bio = Column(Text, nullable=True) gender = Column(Text, nullable=True) date_of_birth = Column(Date, nullable=True) timezone = Column(String, nullable=True) # Online status presence_state = Column(String, nullable=True) status_emoji = Column(String, nullable=True) status_message = Column(Text, nullable=True) status_expires_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=True) # Metadata info = Column(JSON, nullable=True) settings = Column(JSON, nullable=True) oauth = Column(JSON, nullable=True) scim = Column(JSON, nullable=True) # Timestamps (epoch seconds) last_active_at = Column(BigInteger) updated_at = Column(BigInteger) created_at = Column(BigInteger) _DEFAULT_PROFILE_IMAGE_URL = '/api/v1/users/{user_id}/profile/image' class UserModel(BaseModel): id: str email: str username: str | None = None role: str = 'pending' name: str profile_image_url: str | None = None profile_banner_image_url: str | None = None bio: str | None = None gender: str | None = None date_of_birth: datetime.date | None = None timezone: str | None = None presence_state: str | None = None status_emoji: str | None = None status_message: str | None = None status_expires_at: int | None = None info: dict | None = None settings: UserSettings | None = None oauth: dict | None = None scim: dict | None = None last_active_at: int # timestamp in epoch updated_at: int # timestamp in epoch created_at: int # timestamp in epoch model_config = ConfigDict( from_attributes=True, ) @model_validator(mode='after') # runs after all field validators def _ensure_profile_image(self) -> 'UserModel': """Fall back to a generated avatar when no explicit profile image is set.""" if self.profile_image_url: # explicit image — nothing to do return self self.profile_image_url = _DEFAULT_PROFILE_IMAGE_URL.format( user_id=self.id, ) return self # modified in-place class UserStatusModel(UserModel): is_active: bool = False model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True) class ApiKey(Base): __tablename__ = 'api_key' id = Column(Text, primary_key=True, unique=True) user_id = Column(Text, nullable=False) key = Column(Text, unique=True, nullable=False) data = Column(JSON, nullable=True) expires_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=True) last_used_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=True) created_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=False) updated_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=False) class ApiKeyModel(BaseModel): id: str user_id: str key: str data: dict | None = None expires_at: int | None = None last_used_at: int | None = None created_at: int # timestamp in epoch updated_at: int # timestamp in epoch model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True) #################### # Forms #################### class UpdateProfileForm(BaseModel): profile_image_url: str name: str bio: str | None = None gender: str | None = None date_of_birth: datetime.date | None = None @field_validator('profile_image_url') @classmethod def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: str) -> str: return validate_profile_image_url(v) class UserGroupIdsModel(UserModel): group_ids: list[str] = [] class UserModelResponse(UserModel): model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow') class UserListResponse(BaseModel): users: list[UserModelResponse] total: int class UserGroupIdsListResponse(BaseModel): users: list[UserGroupIdsModel] total: int class UserStatus(BaseModel): status_emoji: str | None = None status_message: str | None = None status_expires_at: int | None = None class UserInfoResponse(UserStatus): id: str name: str email: str role: str bio: str | None = None groups: list | None = [] is_active: bool = False class UserIdNameResponse(BaseModel): id: str name: str class UserIdNameStatusResponse(UserStatus): id: str name: str is_active: bool | None = None class UserInfoListResponse(BaseModel): users: list[UserInfoResponse] total: int class UserIdNameListResponse(BaseModel): users: list[UserIdNameResponse] total: int class UserNameResponse(BaseModel): id: str name: str role: str class UserResponse(UserNameResponse): email: str class UserProfileImageResponse(UserNameResponse): email: str profile_image_url: str class UserRoleUpdateForm(BaseModel): id: str role: str class UserUpdateForm(BaseModel): role: str | None = None name: str | None = None email: str | None = None profile_image_url: str | None = None password: str | None = None @field_validator('profile_image_url', mode='before') @classmethod def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: str | None) -> str | None: if v is None: return v return validate_profile_image_url(v) class UsersTable: async def insert_new_user( self, id: str, name: str, email: str, profile_image_url: str = '/user.png', role: str = 'pending', username: str | None = None, oauth: dict | None = None, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: user = UserModel( **{ 'id': id, 'email': email, 'name': name, 'role': role, 'profile_image_url': profile_image_url, 'last_active_at': int(time.time()), 'created_at': int(time.time()), 'updated_at': int(time.time()), 'username': username, 'oauth': oauth, } ) result = User(**user.model_dump()) session.add(result) await session.commit() await session.refresh(result) if result: return user else: return None async def get_user_by_id( self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: """Fetch a single user by primary key.""" try: # db.get is a PK lookup — very cheap async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: user = await session.get(User, id) if not user: return None return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: # stale session / connection drop return None # caller treats None as "not found" async def get_user_by_api_key( self, api_key: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: """Resolve a user from their API key via a JOIN on the api_key table.""" try: # single JOIN instead of two round-trips async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute( select(User) .join(ApiKey, User.id == ApiKey.user_id) .filter(ApiKey.key == api_key), ) # emits: SELECT user.* FROM user JOIN api_key … user = result.scalars().first() # None when key is invalid if not user: return None return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: # stale session / connection drop return async def get_user_by_email( self, email: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: """Case-insensitive email lookup using SQL ``lower()``.""" try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: stmt = select(User).filter( func.lower(User.email) == email.lower(), ) row = (await session.execute(stmt)).scalars().first() if not row: return return UserModel.model_validate(row) except Exception: return async def get_user_by_oauth_sub( self, provider: str, sub: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: """Look up a user by OAuth provider + subject claim (dialect-aware JSON filter).""" try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: dialect = session.bind.dialect.name query = select(User) if dialect == 'sqlite': oauth_match = User.oauth.contains({provider: {'sub': sub}}) query = query.filter(oauth_match) elif dialect == 'postgresql': oauth_match = User.oauth[provider].cast(JSONB)['sub'].astext == sub query = query.filter(oauth_match) row = (await session.execute(query)).scalars().first() if not row: return return UserModel.model_validate(row) except Exception: return async def get_user_by_scim_external_id(self, provider: str, external_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None: """Look up a user by SCIM provider + external ID (dialect-aware JSON filter).""" try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: dialect = session.bind.dialect.name query = select(User) if dialect == 'sqlite': scim_match = User.scim.contains({provider: {'external_id': external_id}}) query = query.filter(scim_match) elif dialect == 'postgresql': scim_match = User.scim[provider].cast(JSONB)['external_id'].astext == external_id query = query.filter(scim_match) row = (await session.execute(query)).scalars().first() if not row: return return UserModel.model_validate(row) except Exception: return async def get_users( self, filter: dict | None = None, skip: int | None = None, limit: int | None = None, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> dict: """Paginated user listing with optional filters for role, group, and channel.""" async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: # Deferred imports to avoid circular dependencies from open_webui.models.channels import ChannelMember from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember # Join GroupMember so we can order by group_id when requested stmt = select(User) if filter: query_key = filter.get('query') if query_key: stmt = stmt.filter( or_( User.name.ilike(f'%{query_key}%'), User.email.ilike(f'%{query_key}%'), ) ) channel_id = filter.get('channel_id') if channel_id: stmt = stmt.filter( exists( select(ChannelMember.id).where( ChannelMember.user_id == User.id, ChannelMember.channel_id == channel_id, ) ) ) user_ids = filter.get('user_ids') group_ids = filter.get('group_ids') if isinstance(user_ids, list) and isinstance(group_ids, list): # If both are empty lists, return no users if not user_ids and not group_ids: return {'users': [], 'total': 0} if user_ids: stmt = stmt.filter(User.id.in_(user_ids)) if group_ids: stmt = stmt.filter( exists( select(GroupMember.id).where( GroupMember.user_id == User.id, GroupMember.group_id.in_(group_ids), ) ) ) roles = filter.get('roles') if roles: include_roles = [role for role in roles if not role.startswith('!')] exclude_roles = [role[1:] for role in roles if role.startswith('!')] if include_roles: stmt = stmt.filter(User.role.in_(include_roles)) if exclude_roles: stmt = stmt.filter(~User.role.in_(exclude_roles)) order_by = filter.get('order_by') direction = filter.get('direction') if order_by and order_by.startswith('group_id:'): group_id = order_by.split(':', 1)[1] # Subquery that checks if the user belongs to the group membership_exists = exists( select(GroupMember.id).where( GroupMember.user_id == User.id, GroupMember.group_id == group_id, ) ) # CASE: user in group → 1, user not in group → 0 group_sort = case((membership_exists, 1), else_=0) if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(group_sort.asc(), User.name.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(group_sort.desc(), User.name.asc()) elif order_by == 'name': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.name.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.name.desc()) elif order_by == 'email': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.email.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.email.desc()) elif order_by == 'created_at': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.created_at.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.created_at.desc()) elif order_by == 'last_active_at': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.last_active_at.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.last_active_at.desc()) elif order_by == 'updated_at': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.updated_at.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.updated_at.desc()) elif order_by == 'role': if direction == 'asc': stmt = stmt.order_by(User.role.asc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.role.desc()) else: stmt = stmt.order_by(User.created_at.desc()) # Count BEFORE pagination count_result = await session.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(stmt.subquery())) total = count_result.scalar() # correct pagination logic if skip is not None: stmt = stmt.offset(skip) if limit is not None: stmt = stmt.limit(limit) result = await session.execute(stmt) users = result.scalars().all() return { 'users': [UserModel.model_validate(user) for user in users], 'total': total, } async def get_users_by_group_id(self, group_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[UserModel]: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember result = await session.execute( select(User).join(GroupMember, User.id == GroupMember.user_id).filter(GroupMember.group_id == group_id) ) users = result.scalars().all() return [UserModel.model_validate(user) for user in users] async def get_users_by_user_ids(self, user_ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[UserStatusModel]: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter(User.id.in_(user_ids))) users = result.scalars().all() return [UserModel.model_validate(user) for user in users] async def get_num_users(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int | None: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(User)) return result.scalar() async def has_users(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(exists(select(User)))) return result.scalar() async def get_first_user(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel: """Return the earliest-created user (bootstrap admin detection).""" try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: stmt = select(User).order_by(User.created_at).limit(1) row = (await session.execute(stmt)).scalars().first() if not row: return return UserModel.model_validate(row) except Exception: return async def get_user_webhook_url_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> str | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if user.settings is None: return None else: return user.settings.get('ui', {}).get('notifications', {}).get('webhook_url', None) except Exception: return None async def get_num_users_active_today(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int | None: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: current_timestamp = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()) today_midnight_timestamp = current_timestamp - (current_timestamp % 86400) result = await session.execute( select(func.count()).select_from(User).filter(User.last_active_at > today_midnight_timestamp) ) return result.scalar() async def update_user_role_by_id(self, id: str, role: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: user = (await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))).scalars().first() if not user: return user.role = role await session.commit() await session.refresh(user) return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: return async def update_user_status_by_id( self, id: str, form_data: UserStatus, db: AsyncSession | None = None ) -> UserModel | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if not user: return None for key, value in form_data.model_dump(exclude_none=True).items(): setattr(user, key, value) await session.commit() await session.refresh(user) return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: return None async def update_user_profile_image_url_by_id( self, id: str, profile_image_url: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: row = (await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))).scalars().first() if row is None: return row.profile_image_url = profile_image_url await session.commit() await session.refresh(row) return UserModel.model_validate(row) except Exception: return @throttle(DATABASE_USER_ACTIVE_STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) async def update_last_active_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: await session.execute(update(User).filter_by(id=id).values(last_active_at=int(time.time()))) await session.commit() except Exception: pass async def update_user_oauth_by_id( self, id: str, provider: str, sub: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None ) -> UserModel | None: """ Update or insert an OAuth provider/sub pair into the user's oauth JSON field. Example resulting structure: { "google": { "sub": "123" }, "github": { "sub": "abc" } } """ try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if not user: return None # Load existing oauth JSON or create empty oauth = user.oauth or {} # Update or insert provider entry oauth[provider] = {'sub': sub} # Persist updated JSON await session.execute(update(User).filter_by(id=id).values(oauth=oauth)) await session.commit() return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: return None async def update_user_scim_by_id( self, id: str, provider: str, external_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None, ) -> UserModel | None: """ Update or insert a SCIM provider/external_id pair into the user's scim JSON field. Example resulting structure: { "microsoft": { "external_id": "abc" }, "okta": { "external_id": "def" } } """ try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if not user: return None scim = user.scim or {} scim[provider] = {'external_id': external_id} await session.execute(update(User).filter_by(id=id).values(scim=scim)) await session.commit() return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: return None async def update_user_by_id(self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if not user: return None for key, value in updated.items(): setattr(user, key, value) await session.commit() await session.refresh(user) return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception as e: print(e) return None async def update_user_settings_by_id( self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None ) -> UserModel | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() if not user: return None user_settings = user.settings if user_settings is None: user_settings = {} user_settings.update(updated) await session.execute(update(User).filter_by(id=id).values(settings=user_settings)) await session.commit() result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id)) user = result.scalars().first() return UserModel.model_validate(user) except Exception: return None async def delete_user_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool: try: from open_webui.models.chats import Chats from open_webui.models.groups import Groups # Remove User from Groups await Groups.remove_user_from_all_groups(id) # Delete User Chats result = await Chats.delete_chats_by_user_id(id, db=session) if result: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: # Delete User await session.execute(delete(User).filter_by(id=id)) await session.commit() return True else: return False except Exception: return False async def get_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> str | None: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id)) api_key = result.scalars().first() return api_key.key if api_key else None except Exception: return None async def update_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, api_key: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: await session.execute(delete(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id)) await session.commit() now = int(time.time()) new_api_key = ApiKey( id=f'key_{id}', user_id=id, key=api_key, created_at=now, updated_at=now, ) session.add(new_api_key) await session.commit() return True except Exception: return False async def delete_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool: try: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: await session.execute(delete(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id)) await session.commit() return True except Exception: return False async def get_valid_user_ids(self, user_ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[str]: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter(User.id.in_(user_ids))) users = result.scalars().all() return [user.id for user in users] async def get_super_admin_user(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(role='admin').limit(1)) user = result.scalars().first() if user: return UserModel.model_validate(user) else: return None async def get_active_user_count(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: # Consider user active if last_active_at within the last 3 minutes three_minutes_ago = int(time.time()) - 180 result = await session.execute( select(func.count()).select_from(User).filter(User.last_active_at >= three_minutes_ago) ) return result.scalar() @staticmethod def is_active(user: UserModel) -> bool: """Compute active status from an already-loaded UserModel (no DB hit).""" if user.last_active_at: three_minutes_ago = int(time.time()) - 180 return user.last_active_at >= three_minutes_ago return False async def is_user_active(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool: async with get_async_db_context(db) as session: result = await session.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=user_id)) user = result.scalars().first() if user and user.last_active_at: # Consider user active if last_active_at within the last 3 minutes three_minutes_ago = int(time.time()) - 180 return user.last_active_at >= three_minutes_ago return False Users = UsersTable()