diff --git a/scripts/mutation_diff_scope.py b/scripts/mutation_diff_scope.py
index b03b7e23f9a..89ba51a2829 100644
--- a/scripts/mutation_diff_scope.py
+++ b/scripts/mutation_diff_scope.py
@@ -143,13 +143,24 @@ def changed_test_files(root: Path, diff: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
 
 
 def mapped_tests(root: Path, path: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
-    """Find the tests mirroring a production file, per tests/test_litellm/readme.md."""
+    """Find the tests mirroring a production file, per tests/test_litellm/readme.md.
+
+    A private module drops its leading underscores on the way to a test name, so
+    ``litellm/_redis.py`` is covered by ``test_redis.py``. Missing that spelling used
+    to fall through to the directory, and for a module at the top of ``litellm/`` the
+    directory is the entire unit suite: every mutant would run all of it.
+    """
     relative: Final = Path(path).relative_to("litellm")
     mirror_dir: Final = Path(TEST_MIRROR_ROOT) / relative.parent
-    named: Final = tuple(sorted(str(p.relative_to(root)) for p in (root / mirror_dir).glob(f"test_{relative.stem}*.py")))
+    stems: Final = (relative.stem, relative.stem.lstrip("_"))
+    named: Final = tuple(
+        sorted({str(p.relative_to(root)) for stem in stems for p in (root / mirror_dir).glob(f"test_{stem}*.py")})
+    )
     if named:
         return named
-    return (str(mirror_dir),) if (root / mirror_dir).is_dir() else ()
+    if mirror_dir == Path(TEST_MIRROR_ROOT) or not (root / mirror_dir).is_dir():
+        return ()
+    return (str(mirror_dir),)
 
 
 def trampoline_units(source: str) -> tuple[TrampolineUnit, ...]:
@@ -200,7 +211,8 @@ def build_scope(root: Path, base: str, max_functions: int) -> Scope:
     merge_base: Final = _git(root, "merge-base", base, "HEAD").strip()
     diff: Final = _git(root, "diff", "-U0", merge_base, "--", ".")
     files: Final = parse_unified_diff(root, diff)
-    all_globs: Final = tuple(glob for changed in files for glob in globs_for(root, changed))
+    # `@overload` stubs repeat their implementation's name, and mutmut mangles them all the same way.
+    all_globs: Final = tuple(dict.fromkeys(glob for changed in files for glob in globs_for(root, changed)))
     tests: Final = tuple(
         sorted({*(t for changed in files for t in mapped_tests(root, changed.path)), *changed_test_files(root, diff)})
     )
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/test_mutation_diff_scope.py b/tests/test_litellm/test_mutation_diff_scope.py
index 91f1e99a8d5..b0dc51d79f0 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/test_mutation_diff_scope.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/test_mutation_diff_scope.py
@@ -94,6 +94,35 @@ def coerce(value: str) -> str:
     return value
 '''
 
+REDIS = '''\
+def get_redis_client(url: str) -> str:
+    return url
+'''
+
+OVERLOADED = '''\
+from typing import overload
+
+
+@overload
+def embedding(
+    model: str,
+    stream: bool,
+) -> str: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def embedding(
+    model: str,
+) -> str: ...
+
+
+def embedding(
+    model: str,
+    stream: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    return model
+'''
+
 
 def _run(root: Path, *args: str) -> None:
     subprocess.run(("git", *args), cwd=root, check=True, capture_output=True)
@@ -116,6 +145,11 @@ def repo(tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
     _write(root, "litellm/router.py", ROUTER)
     _write(root, "litellm/proxy/auth/auth_checks.py", AUTH_CHECKS)
     _write(root, "litellm/types/utils.py", TYPES)
+    _write(root, "litellm/_redis.py", REDIS)
+    _write(root, "litellm/_unmapped.py", REDIS)
+    _write(root, "litellm/main.py", OVERLOADED)
+    _write(root, "tests/test_litellm/test_redis.py", "def test_redis(): pass\n")
+    _write(root, "tests/test_litellm/test_main.py", "def test_main(): pass\n")
     _write(root, "tests/test_litellm/test_router.py", "def test_router(): pass\n")
     _write(root, "tests/test_litellm/proxy/auth/test_auth_checks.py", "def test_auth(): pass\n")
     _write(root, "tests/e2e/test_live_proxy.py", "def test_live(): pass\n")
@@ -238,6 +272,32 @@ def test_test_selection_is_the_mirrored_file_plus_changed_unit_tests(repo: Path)
     )
 
 
+def test_private_module_maps_to_its_test_file_without_the_underscore(repo: Path) -> None:
+    """`litellm/_redis.py` is covered by `test_redis.py`, not `test__redis.py`."""
+    _write(repo, "litellm/_redis.py", REDIS.replace("return url", "return url.strip()"))
+    _commit(repo)
+
+    assert scope_of(repo).tests == ("tests/test_litellm/test_redis.py",)
+
+
+def test_an_unmapped_top_level_module_never_selects_the_whole_unit_suite(repo: Path) -> None:
+    """Falling back to tests/test_litellm would run every unit test once per mutant."""
+    _write(repo, "litellm/_unmapped.py", REDIS.replace("return url", "return url.strip()"))
+    _commit(repo)
+
+    scope = scope_of(repo)
+    assert scope.globs, "the changed function still has to be reported"
+    assert scope.tests == ()
+
+
+def test_overloaded_function_is_requested_once(repo: Path) -> None:
+    """@overload stubs share the implementation's mangled name, so repeating it just burns the cap."""
+    _write(repo, "litellm/main.py", OVERLOADED.replace("    model: str,", "    model: str | None,"))
+    _commit(repo)
+
+    assert scope_of(repo).globs == ("litellm.main.x_embedding__mutmut_*",)
+
+
 def test_e2e_tests_are_excluded_from_the_selection(repo: Path) -> None:
     """tests/e2e needs a live proxy; including one aborts the run at mutmut's clean-test check."""
     _write(repo, "litellm/router.py", ROUTER.replace("if m]", "if m and m.strip()]"))