diff --git a/.github/risk-tiers.yml b/.github/risk-tiers.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..512fa9d6761
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/risk-tiers.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+paths:
+  high:
+    - "litellm/proxy/auth/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/management_endpoints/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/spend_tracking/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/db/**"
+    - "**/migrations/**"
+    - "**/schema.prisma"
+    - "litellm/caching/**"
+    - "litellm/router.py"
+    - "litellm/router_utils/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py"
+    - "litellm/__init__.py"
+    - "litellm/utils.py"
+    - "litellm/proxy/guardrails/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/hooks/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/custom_hooks/**"
+    - "enterprise/enterprise_hooks/**"
+    - "enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/hooks/**"
+    - "enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/auth/**"
+    - "enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/management_endpoints/**"
+    - "litellm/secret_managers/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/pass_through_endpoints/**"
+    - "litellm/passthrough/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/auth/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/outbound_credentials/**"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/discoverable_endpoints.py"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/**/*oauth*"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/**/*_flow.py"
+    - "litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/proxy_api_credentials.py"
+    - ".github/**"
+    - ".circleci/**"
+    - "**/pyproject.toml"
+    - "uv.lock"
+    - "**/package*.json"
+    - "**/Dockerfile*"
+    - "scripts/*gate*"
+  medium:
+    - "**/CLAUDE.md"
+    - "**/AGENTS.md"
+    - "**/GEMINI.md"
+    - "**/conftest.py"
+    - "helm/**"
+    - "docker/**"
+  low:
+    - "cookbook/**"
+    - "model_prices_and_context_window.json"
+    - "litellm/model_prices_and_context_window_backup.json"
+    - "**/*.md"
+    - "**/*.mdx"
+    - "*-budget.json"
+
+modules:
+  medium_from: 2
+  high_from: 4
+
+size:
+  low:
+    lines_under: 100
+    files_up_to: 3
+  medium:
+    lines_under: 400
+    files_up_to: 10
+  ignore:
+    - "uv.lock"
+    - "**/package-lock.json"
+    - "ui/litellm-dashboard/src/lib/http/schema.d.ts"
+
+tests:
+  files:
+    - "**/tests/**"
+    - "**/*.test.*"
+    - "**/*.spec.*"
+    - "**/__tests__/**"
+
+authors:
+  low:
+    - "devin-ai-integration[bot]"
+
+guards:
+  additive_rows:
+    - "model_prices_and_context_window.json"
+    - "litellm/model_prices_and_context_window_backup.json"
+  lowered_limits:
+    - "*-budget.json"
diff --git a/.github/scripts/risk_tier.py b/.github/scripts/risk_tier.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6f6d6089ace
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/scripts/risk_tier.py
@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping, Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass, replace
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import Final, Literal, TypeAlias
+
+import yaml
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, TypeAdapter, ValidationError
+from typing_extensions import ReadOnly, TypedDict
+
+Tier: TypeAlias = Literal["low", "medium", "high"]
+ReadFile: TypeAlias = Callable[[str, str], str | None]
+RewriteCheck: TypeAlias = Callable[[str | None, str | None], str | None]
+
+TEST_DEF_RE: Final = re.compile(r"^\s*(?:async\s+)?def\s+test_|^\s*(?:it|test)\(")
+SKIP_RE: Final = re.compile(
+    r"pytest\.mark\.(?:skip(?!if)|xfail)|unittest\.skip\b"
+    r"|\b(?:it|test|describe)\.(?:skip\(\s*[\"'`]|only\()|\bx(?:it|test|describe)\("
+)
+SKIP_CALL_RE: Final = re.compile(r"\bpytest\.(?:skip|importorskip)\(|\b(?:it|test|describe)\.fixme\(")
+ASSERT_RE: Final = re.compile(r"^\s*assert\b|\bexpect\(")
+GLOB_TOKEN_RE: Final = re.compile(r"(\*\*/|\*\*|\*|\?)")
+DIFF_BLOCK_SEPARATOR: Final = "\ndiff --git "
+RENAME_FROM_RE: Final = re.compile(r"^rename from (.+)$")
+RENAME_TO_RE: Final = re.compile(r"^rename to (.+)$")
+QUOTED_PATH_ESCAPE_RE: Final = re.compile(r'\\(?:([abfnrtv"\\])|([0-7]{3}))')
+QUOTED_PATH_ESCAPES: Final = MappingProxyType(
+    {"a": "\a", "b": "\b", "f": "\f", "n": "\n", "r": "\r", "t": "\t", "v": "\v", '"': '"', "\\": "\\"}
+)
+MAX_LISTED_PATHS: Final = 5
+JSON_OBJECT: Final = TypeAdapter(dict[str, object])
+
+
+class SizeLimit(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    lines_under: int = Field(gt=0)
+    files_up_to: int = Field(gt=0)
+
+
+class SizeRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    low: SizeLimit
+    medium: SizeLimit
+    ignore: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+
+class ModuleRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    medium_from: int = Field(gt=1)
+    high_from: int = Field(gt=1)
+
+
+class PathRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    high: tuple[str, ...]
+    medium: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    low: tuple[str, ...]
+
+
+class TestRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    files: tuple[str, ...]
+
+
+class AuthorRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    low: tuple[str, ...]
+
+
+class GuardRules(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    additive_rows: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    lowered_limits: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+
+class RiskConfig(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    paths: PathRules
+    modules: ModuleRules
+    size: SizeRules
+    tests: TestRules
+    authors: AuthorRules
+    guards: GuardRules = GuardRules()
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class PathMatcher:
+    patterns: tuple[re.Pattern[str], ...]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_globs(globs: Sequence[str]) -> PathMatcher:
+        return PathMatcher(tuple(glob_to_regex(glob) for glob in globs))
+
+    def matches(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        return any(pattern.fullmatch(path) for pattern in self.patterns)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class FileChange:
+    path: str
+    added_lines: tuple[str, ...]
+    deleted_lines: tuple[str, ...]
+    previous_path: str | None = None
+    guarded_rewrite: str | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def paths(self) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+        return (self.path,) if self.previous_path is None else (self.previous_path, self.path)
+
+    @property
+    def line_count(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.added_lines) + len(self.deleted_lines)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class Rules:
+    config: RiskConfig
+    high_paths: PathMatcher
+    medium_paths: PathMatcher
+    low_paths: PathMatcher
+    test_files: PathMatcher
+    size_ignored: PathMatcher
+    additive_rows: PathMatcher
+    lowered_limits: PathMatcher
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_config(config: RiskConfig) -> Rules:
+        return Rules(
+            config=config,
+            high_paths=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.paths.high),
+            medium_paths=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.paths.medium),
+            low_paths=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.paths.low),
+            test_files=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.tests.files),
+            size_ignored=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.size.ignore),
+            additive_rows=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.guards.additive_rows),
+            lowered_limits=PathMatcher.from_globs(config.guards.lowered_limits),
+        )
+
+    def path_tier(self, path: str) -> Tier:
+        if self.high_paths.matches(path):
+            return "high"
+        if self.medium_paths.matches(path):
+            return "medium"
+        if self.test_files.matches(path) or self.low_paths.matches(path):
+            return "low"
+        return "medium"
+
+    def change_tier(self, change: FileChange) -> Tier:
+        rewrite_tier: Final[Tier] = "low" if change.guarded_rewrite is None else "medium"
+        return highest((rewrite_tier, *(self.path_tier(path) for path in change.paths)))
+
+    def rewrite_check(self, path: str) -> RewriteCheck | None:
+        if self.additive_rows.matches(path):
+            return rewritten_rows
+        if self.lowered_limits.matches(path):
+            return raised_limits
+        return None
+
+    def is_production(self, change: FileChange) -> bool:
+        return self.change_tier(change) != "low"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class Factor:
+    name: str
+    tier: Tier
+    reason: str
+
+
+class FactorJson(TypedDict):
+    name: ReadOnly[str]
+    tier: ReadOnly[Tier]
+    reason: ReadOnly[str]
+
+
+class VerdictJson(TypedDict):
+    tier: ReadOnly[Tier]
+    factors: ReadOnly[tuple[FactorJson, ...]]
+    summary: ReadOnly[str]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class Verdict:
+    tier: Tier
+    factors: tuple[Factor, ...]
+
+    def summary_markdown(self) -> str:
+        rows: Final = "\n".join(f"| {factor.name} | {factor.tier} | {factor.reason} |" for factor in self.factors)
+        return f"risk: {self.tier} (shadow mode, nothing is blocked)\n\n| factor | tier | why |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n{rows}\n"
+
+    def to_json(self) -> str:
+        payload: Final[VerdictJson] = {
+            "tier": self.tier,
+            "factors": tuple(FactorJson(name=f.name, tier=f.tier, reason=f.reason) for f in self.factors),
+            "summary": self.summary_markdown(),
+        }
+        return json.dumps(payload, indent=2)
+
+
+def glob_to_regex(pattern: str) -> re.Pattern[str]:
+    return re.compile("".join(_translate_glob_token(token) for token in GLOB_TOKEN_RE.split(pattern)))
+
+
+def _translate_glob_token(token: str) -> str:
+    match token:
+        case "**/":
+            return "(?:.*/)?"
+        case "**":
+            return ".*"
+        case "*":
+            return "[^/]*"
+        case "?":
+            return "[^/]"
+        case _:
+            return re.escape(token)
+
+
+def load_config(path: Path) -> RiskConfig:
+    return RiskConfig.model_validate(yaml.safe_load(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")))
+
+
+def parse_diff(diff_text: str) -> tuple[FileChange, ...]:
+    blocks: Final = ("\n" + diff_text).split(DIFF_BLOCK_SEPARATOR)[1:]
+    return tuple(_parse_block(block) for block in blocks)
+
+
+def _unquote_git_path(quoted: str) -> str:
+    def decode(match: re.Match[str]) -> str:
+        return QUOTED_PATH_ESCAPES[match[1]] if match[1] else chr(int(match[2], 8))
+
+    return QUOTED_PATH_ESCAPE_RE.sub(decode, quoted[1:-1])
+
+
+def _unquote(path: str) -> str:
+    return _unquote_git_path(path) if path.startswith('"') else path
+
+
+def _header_path(header: str) -> str:
+    one_side: Final = header[: (len(header) - 1) // 2]
+    return _unquote(one_side).removeprefix("a/")
+
+
+def _rename_side(extended_header: Sequence[str], pattern: re.Pattern[str]) -> str | None:
+    return next((_unquote(match[1]) for line in extended_header if (match := pattern.match(line))), None)
+
+
+def _parse_block(block: str) -> FileChange:
+    header, _, body = block.partition("\n")
+    lines: Final = body.split("\n")
+    first_hunk: Final = next((index for index, line in enumerate(lines) if line.startswith("@@")), len(lines))
+    extended_header: Final = lines[:first_hunk]
+    hunk_lines: Final = lines[first_hunk:]
+    renamed_to: Final = _rename_side(extended_header, RENAME_TO_RE)
+    return FileChange(
+        path=renamed_to if renamed_to is not None else _header_path(header),
+        added_lines=tuple(line[1:] for line in hunk_lines if line.startswith("+")),
+        deleted_lines=tuple(line[1:] for line in hunk_lines if line.startswith("-")),
+        previous_path=_rename_side(extended_header, RENAME_FROM_RE) if renamed_to is not None else None,
+    )
+
+
+def module_key(path: str) -> str:
+    parts: Final = path.split("/")
+    if parts[0] != "litellm":
+        return parts[0]
+    depth: Final = 3 if len(parts) > 3 else 2
+    return "/".join(parts[:depth])
+
+
+def highest(tiers: Sequence[Tier]) -> Tier:
+    if "high" in tiers:
+        return "high"
+    if "medium" in tiers:
+        return "medium"
+    return "low"
+
+
+def _listed(paths: Sequence[str]) -> str:
+    shown: Final = ", ".join(f"`{path}`" for path in paths[:MAX_LISTED_PATHS])
+    rest: Final = len(paths) - MAX_LISTED_PATHS
+    return f"{shown} and {rest} more" if rest > 0 else shown
+
+
+def paths_factor(changes: Sequence[FileChange], rules: Rules) -> Factor:
+    tier: Final = highest(tuple(rules.change_tier(change) for change in changes))
+    matching: Final = tuple(change for change in changes if rules.change_tier(change) == tier)
+    match tier:
+        case "high":
+            always_human: Final = tuple(
+                path for change in matching for path in change.paths if rules.path_tier(path) == "high"
+            )
+            return Factor("paths", "high", f"always-human: {_listed(always_human)}")
+        case "medium":
+            rewritten: Final = tuple(
+                f"{change.guarded_rewrite} in `{change.path}`" for change in matching if change.guarded_rewrite
+            )
+            outside: Final = len(matching) - len(rewritten)
+            outside_note: Final = (
+                (f"{outside} file(s) outside the docs, tests, and model map tiers",) if outside else ()
+            )
+            return Factor("paths", "medium", "; ".join((*rewritten, *outside_note)))
+        case "low":
+            return Factor("paths", "low", "docs, tests, cookbook, or model map only")
+
+
+def modules_factor(changes: Sequence[FileChange], rules: Rules) -> Factor:
+    modules: Final = tuple(
+        sorted(
+            frozenset(module_key(path) for change in changes for path in change.paths if rules.path_tier(path) != "low")
+        )
+    )
+    count: Final = len(modules)
+    tier: Final[Tier] = (
+        "high"
+        if count >= rules.config.modules.high_from
+        else "medium"
+        if count >= rules.config.modules.medium_from
+        else "low"
+    )
+    return Factor("modules", tier, f"{count} module(s): {_listed(modules)}" if modules else "no production module")
+
+
+def size_factor(changes: Sequence[FileChange], rules: Rules) -> Factor:
+    counted: Final = tuple(
+        change for change in changes if rules.is_production(change) and not rules.size_ignored.matches(change.path)
+    )
+    lines: Final = sum(change.line_count for change in counted)
+    files: Final = len(counted)
+    limits: Final = rules.config.size
+    tier: Final[Tier] = (
+        "low"
+        if lines < limits.low.lines_under and files <= limits.low.files_up_to
+        else "medium"
+        if lines < limits.medium.lines_under and files <= limits.medium.files_up_to
+        else "high"
+    )
+    return Factor("size", tier, f"{lines} line(s) across {files} file(s) outside the docs, tests, and model map tiers")
+
+
+def _net(changes: Sequence[FileChange], pattern: re.Pattern[str]) -> int:
+    added: Final = sum(1 for change in changes for line in change.added_lines if pattern.search(line))
+    deleted: Final = sum(1 for change in changes for line in change.deleted_lines if pattern.search(line))
+    return added - deleted
+
+
+def tests_factor(changes: Sequence[FileChange], rules: Rules) -> Factor:
+    test_changes: Final = tuple(change for change in changes if rules.test_files.matches(change.path))
+    net_tests: Final = _net(test_changes, TEST_DEF_RE)
+    net_skips: Final = _net(test_changes, SKIP_RE)
+    silenced: Final = sum(
+        max(_net((change,), SKIP_CALL_RE), 0) for change in test_changes if _net((change,), TEST_DEF_RE) <= 0
+    )
+    net_asserts: Final = _net(test_changes, ASSERT_RE)
+    production_changed: Final = any(rules.is_production(change) for change in changes)
+    if net_tests < 0:
+        return Factor("tests", "high", f"{-net_tests} test(s) removed")
+    if net_skips > 0:
+        return Factor("tests", "high", f"{net_skips} skip marker(s) added")
+    if silenced > 0:
+        return Factor("tests", "high", f"{silenced} skip call(s) added to existing tests")
+    if net_asserts < 0:
+        return Factor("tests", "high", f"{-net_asserts} assertion(s) removed")
+    if not production_changed:
+        return Factor("tests", "low", "no production code changed")
+    if net_tests > 0:
+        return Factor("tests", "low", f"{net_tests} test(s) added")
+    if test_changes:
+        return Factor("tests", "medium", "tests edited, none added")
+    return Factor("tests", "medium", "production code changed with no test touched")
+
+
+def author_factor(author: str, from_fork: bool, rules: Rules) -> Factor:
+    if from_fork:
+        return Factor("author", "high", f"`{author}` from a fork")
+    if author in rules.config.authors.low:
+        return Factor("author", "low", f"`{author}` opened it on an internal branch")
+    return Factor("author", "medium", f"`{author}` opened it by hand on an internal branch")
+
+
+def classify(changes: Sequence[FileChange], author: str, from_fork: bool, rules: Rules) -> Verdict:
+    factors: Final = (
+        paths_factor(changes, rules),
+        modules_factor(changes, rules),
+        size_factor(changes, rules),
+        tests_factor(changes, rules),
+        author_factor(author, from_fork, rules),
+    )
+    return Verdict(highest(tuple(factor.tier for factor in factors)), factors)
+
+
+def _json_object(text: str | None) -> Mapping[str, object] | None:
+    if text is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return MappingProxyType(JSON_OBJECT.validate_json(text))
+    except ValidationError:
+        return None
+
+
+def _as_object(value: object) -> Mapping[str, object] | None:
+    try:
+        return MappingProxyType(JSON_OBJECT.validate_python(value))
+    except ValidationError:
+        return None
+
+
+def rewritten_rows(base_text: str | None, head_text: str | None) -> str | None:
+    if base_text is None:
+        return None
+    base: Final = _json_object(base_text)
+    head: Final = _json_object(head_text)
+    if base is None or head is None:
+        return "not a JSON object on both sides"
+    rewritten: Final = sum(1 for key, value in base.items() if key not in head or head[key] != value)
+    return f"{rewritten} existing row(s) changed or removed" if rewritten else None
+
+
+def _limits(value: object, prefix: str = "") -> tuple[tuple[str, float], ...]:
+    node: Final = _as_object(value)
+    if node is None:
+        return ()
+    limit: Final = node.get("limit")
+    own: Final = ((prefix, float(limit)),) if isinstance(limit, int | float) and not isinstance(limit, bool) else ()
+    nested: Final = tuple(
+        pair for key, child in node.items() if key != "limit" for pair in _limits(child, f"{prefix}/{key}")
+    )
+    return (*own, *nested)
+
+
+def raised_limits(base_text: str | None, head_text: str | None) -> str | None:
+    if base_text is None:
+        return None
+    base: Final = _json_object(base_text)
+    head: Final = _json_object(head_text)
+    if base is None or head is None:
+        return "not a JSON object on both sides"
+    base_limits: Final = MappingProxyType(dict(_limits(base)))
+    raised: Final = sum(1 for key, limit in _limits(head) if key not in base_limits or limit > base_limits[key])
+    return f"{raised} limit(s) raised" if raised else None
+
+
+def with_guards(
+    changes: Sequence[FileChange], rules: Rules, base: str, head: str, read_file: ReadFile
+) -> tuple[FileChange, ...]:
+    return tuple(_guarded(change, rules, base, head, read_file) for change in changes)
+
+
+def _guarded(change: FileChange, rules: Rules, base: str, head: str, read_file: ReadFile) -> FileChange:
+    check: Final = rules.rewrite_check(change.path)
+    if check is None:
+        return change
+    reason: Final = check(read_file(base, change.previous_path or change.path), read_file(head, change.path))
+    return change if reason is None else replace(change, guarded_rewrite=reason)
+
+
+def git_show(repo: Path, rev: str, path: str) -> str | None:
+    completed: Final = subprocess.run(
+        ("git", "show", f"{rev}:{path}"),
+        cwd=repo,
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+        errors="replace",
+        check=False,
+    )
+    return completed.stdout if completed.returncode == 0 else None
+
+
+def git_diff(repo: Path, base: str, head: str) -> str:
+    completed: Final = subprocess.run(
+        ("git", "-c", "core.quotePath=false", "diff", "--find-renames", "--no-ext-diff", "-U0", base, head),
+        cwd=repo,
+        capture_output=True,
+        encoding="utf-8",
+        errors="replace",
+        check=True,
+    )
+    return completed.stdout
+
+
+def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser: Final = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compute a pull request's floor risk tier from its diff")
+    parser.add_argument("--config", type=Path, required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--base", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--head", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--author", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--from-fork", action="store_true")
+    parser.add_argument("--repo", type=Path, default=Path.cwd())
+    parser.add_argument("--json-out", type=Path)
+    return parser
+
+
+class CliArgs(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid", frozen=True)
+    config: Path
+    base: str
+    head: str
+    author: str
+    from_fork: bool
+    repo: Path
+    json_out: Path | None
+
+
+def main(argv: Sequence[str] | None = None) -> int:
+    args: Final = CliArgs.model_validate(vars(build_parser().parse_args(argv)))
+    rules: Final = Rules.from_config(load_config(args.config))
+    changes: Final = with_guards(
+        parse_diff(git_diff(args.repo, args.base, args.head)),
+        rules,
+        args.base,
+        args.head,
+        lambda rev, path: git_show(args.repo, rev, path),
+    )
+    verdict: Final = classify(changes, args.author, args.from_fork, rules)
+    if args.json_out is not None:
+        args.json_out.write_text(verdict.to_json(), encoding="utf-8")
+    sys.stdout.write(verdict.summary_markdown())
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/.github/workflows/risk-gate.yml b/.github/workflows/risk-gate.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc3f0712ff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/risk-gate.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+name: risk-gate
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
+    branches:
+      - litellm_internal_staging
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  floor:
+    name: risk-gate floor (shadow)
+    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    outputs:
+      tier: ${{ steps.floor.outputs.tier }}
+      summary: ${{ steps.floor.outputs.summary }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Fetch the pull request head and its merge base
+        id: revisions
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+          HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+        run: |
+          merge_base="$(gh api "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/compare/${BASE_SHA}...${HEAD_SHA}" --jq '.merge_base_commit.sha')"
+          git fetch --no-tags --depth=1 origin "$merge_base" "$HEAD_SHA"
+          echo "merge_base=$merge_base" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Set up uv
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-uv-with-retries
+        with:
+          version: "0.10.9"
+
+      - name: Compute the floor tier
+        id: floor
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          MERGE_BASE: ${{ steps.revisions.outputs.merge_base }}
+          HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+          PR_AUTHOR: ${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}
+        run: |
+          uv run --frozen python .github/scripts/risk_tier.py \
+            --config .github/risk-tiers.yml \
+            --base "$MERGE_BASE" \
+            --head "$HEAD_SHA" \
+            --author "$PR_AUTHOR" \
+            --json-out "${RUNNER_TEMP}/risk.json" \
+            | tee -a "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          {
+            echo "tier=$(jq -r '.tier' "${RUNNER_TEMP}/risk.json")"
+            echo "summary<<RISK_SUMMARY"
+            jq -r '.summary' "${RUNNER_TEMP}/risk.json"
+            echo "RISK_SUMMARY"
+          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+  report:
+    name: risk-gate report (shadow)
+    needs: floor
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 5
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write
+      checks: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Publish the risk-gate check run and the risk label
+        uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7.1.0
+        env:
+          TIER: ${{ needs.floor.outputs.tier }}
+          SUMMARY: ${{ needs.floor.outputs.summary }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const tier = process.env.TIER;
+            if (!['low', 'medium', 'high'].includes(tier)) {
+              core.setFailed(`unexpected tier ${JSON.stringify(tier)} from the floor job`);
+              return;
+            }
+            const pr = context.payload.pull_request;
+            const repo = { owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo };
+            await github.rest.checks.create({
+              ...repo,
+              name: 'risk-gate',
+              head_sha: pr.head.sha,
+              status: 'completed',
+              conclusion: 'neutral',
+              output: { title: `risk: ${tier} (shadow)`, summary: process.env.SUMMARY },
+            });
+            const wanted = `risk:${tier}`;
+            const { data: labels } = await github.rest.issues.listLabelsOnIssue({
+              ...repo,
+              issue_number: pr.number,
+              per_page: 100,
+            });
+            const current = labels.map((label) => label.name).filter((name) => name.startsWith('risk:'));
+            for (const name of current.filter((name) => name !== wanted)) {
+              await github.rest.issues.removeLabel({ ...repo, issue_number: pr.number, name });
+            }
+            if (!current.includes(wanted)) {
+              await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ ...repo, issue_number: pr.number, labels: [wanted] });
+            }
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/test_github_risk_tier.py b/tests/test_litellm/test_github_risk_tier.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a7a23c609f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/test_github_risk_tier.py
@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib.util
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
+SCRIPT_PATH = REPO_ROOT / ".github" / "scripts" / "risk_tier.py"
+CONFIG_PATH = REPO_ROOT / ".github" / "risk-tiers.yml"
+DEVIN = "devin-ai-integration[bot]"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def risk_tier():
+    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("risk_tier", SCRIPT_PATH)
+    assert spec and spec.loader, f"Could not load spec for {SCRIPT_PATH}"
+    module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+    sys.modules["risk_tier"] = module
+    spec.loader.exec_module(module)
+    return module
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def rules(risk_tier):
+    return risk_tier.Rules.from_config(risk_tier.load_config(CONFIG_PATH))
+
+
+def _file_diff(path: str, added: Sequence[str] = (), deleted: Sequence[str] = ()) -> str:
+    header = (
+        f"diff --git a/{path} b/{path}\n"
+        f"index 0000000..1111111 100644\n"
+        f"--- a/{path}\n"
+        f"+++ b/{path}\n"
+        f"@@ -1,{len(deleted)} +1,{len(added)} @@\n"
+    )
+    body = "".join(f"-{line}\n" for line in deleted) + "".join(f"+{line}\n" for line in added)
+    return header + body
+
+
+def _lines(count: int, prefix: str = "x = ") -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    return tuple(f"{prefix}{index}" for index in range(count))
+
+
+def _rename_diff(old: str, new: str, deleted: Sequence[str] = (), added: Sequence[str] = ()) -> str:
+    header = f"diff --git a/{old} b/{new}\nsimilarity index 90%\nrename from {old}\nrename to {new}\n"
+    if not deleted and not added:
+        return header.replace("90%", "100%")
+    hunk = f"index 0000000..1111111 100644\n--- a/{old}\n+++ b/{new}\n@@ -1,{len(deleted)} +1,{len(added)} @@\n"
+    body = "".join(f"-{line}\n" for line in deleted) + "".join(f"+{line}\n" for line in added)
+    return header + hunk + body
+
+
+NEW_TEST = ("def test_regression():", "    assert True")
+
+
+def _factor(verdict, name: str):
+    return next(factor for factor in verdict.factors if factor.name == name)
+
+
+def _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff: str, author: str = DEVIN, from_fork: bool = False):
+    return risk_tier.classify(risk_tier.parse_diff(diff), author, from_fork, rules)
+
+
+def test_always_human_path_is_high_even_when_tiny_and_tested(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("litellm/proxy/auth/user_api_key_auth.py", added=("x = 1",)) + _file_diff(
+        "tests/test_litellm/proxy/auth/test_user_api_key_auth.py", added=NEW_TEST
+    )
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff)
+    assert verdict.tier == "high"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").tier == "high"
+    assert "litellm/proxy/auth/user_api_key_auth.py" in _factor(verdict, "paths").reason
+    assert _factor(verdict, "size").tier == "low"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "tests").tier == "low"
+
+
+def test_docs_and_tests_only_change_is_low_on_every_factor(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("README.md", added=("hello",)) + _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_docs.py", added=NEW_TEST)
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff)
+    assert verdict.tier == "low"
+    assert {factor.tier for factor in verdict.factors} == {"low"}
+
+
+def test_provider_change_with_regression_test_is_medium_by_path_only(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/transformation.py", added=_lines(20)) + _file_diff(
+        "tests/test_litellm/llms/anthropic/test_chat_transformation.py", added=NEW_TEST
+    )
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff)
+    assert verdict.tier == "medium"
+    assert {factor.name: factor.tier for factor in verdict.factors} == {
+        "paths": "medium",
+        "modules": "low",
+        "size": "low",
+        "tests": "low",
+        "author": "low",
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("paths", "expected"),
+    [
+        (("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py",), "low"),
+        (("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", "litellm/types/llms/anthropic.py"), "medium"),
+        (("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", "litellm/llms/openai/chat/x.py", "litellm/types/llms/a.py"), "medium"),
+        (
+            (
+                "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py",
+                "litellm/llms/openai/chat/x.py",
+                "litellm/types/llms/a.py",
+                "ui/litellm-dashboard/src/a.tsx",
+            ),
+            "high",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_modules_factor_counts_distinct_production_modules(risk_tier, rules, paths, expected):
+    diff = "".join(_file_diff(path, added=("x = 1",)) for path in paths)
+    diff_with_tests = diff + _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", added=NEW_TEST)
+    assert _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff_with_tests), "modules").tier == expected
+
+
+def test_same_module_touched_twice_counts_once(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/a.py", added=("x = 1",)) + _file_diff(
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/common_utils.py", added=("x = 1",)
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "modules")
+    assert factor.tier == "low"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 module(s): `litellm/llms/anthropic`"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("line_counts", "expected"),
+    [
+        ((33, 33, 33), "low"),
+        ((34, 33, 33), "medium"),
+        ((1, 1, 1, 1), "medium"),
+        ((100, 100, 100, 99), "medium"),
+        ((100, 100, 100, 100), "high"),
+        ((1,) * 11, "high"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_size_factor_thresholds(risk_tier, rules, line_counts, expected):
+    diff = "".join(
+        _file_diff(f"litellm/llms/provider{index}/chat/x.py", added=_lines(count))
+        for index, count in enumerate(line_counts)
+    )
+    assert _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "size").tier == expected
+
+
+def test_generated_files_do_not_count_toward_size(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("ui/litellm-dashboard/src/lib/http/schema.d.ts", added=_lines(5000)) + _file_diff(
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",)
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "size")
+    assert factor.tier == "low"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 line(s) across 1 file(s) outside the docs, tests, and model map tiers"
+
+
+def test_docs_and_tests_do_not_count_toward_size(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = (
+        _file_diff("docs/my-website/docs/proxy/guide.md", added=_lines(5000, prefix="line "))
+        + _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_x.py", added=_lines(500) + NEW_TEST)
+        + _file_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",))
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "size")
+    assert factor.tier == "low"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 line(s) across 1 file(s) outside the docs, tests, and model map tiers"
+
+
+def test_pure_move_counts_no_lines_toward_size(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _rename_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/old.py", "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/new.py")
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "size")
+    assert factor.tier == "low"
+    assert factor.reason == "0 line(s) across 1 file(s) outside the docs, tests, and model map tiers"
+
+
+def test_move_with_edits_counts_only_the_edited_lines(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _rename_diff(
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/old.py",
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/new.py",
+        deleted=_lines(2),
+        added=_lines(2, prefix="y = "),
+    )
+    assert _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "size").reason.startswith("4 line(s) across 1 file(s)")
+
+
+def test_move_out_of_an_always_human_path_stays_high(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _rename_diff("litellm/proxy/auth/old.py", "litellm/proxy/common_utils/old.py")
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "paths")
+    assert factor.tier == "high"
+    assert factor.reason == "always-human: `litellm/proxy/auth/old.py`"
+
+
+def test_move_into_an_always_human_path_is_high(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _rename_diff("litellm/proxy/utils/new.py", "litellm/proxy/auth/new.py")
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "paths")
+    assert factor.tier == "high"
+    assert factor.reason == "always-human: `litellm/proxy/auth/new.py`"
+
+
+def test_removed_test_function_is_high(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", deleted=("def test_gone():", "    assert 1 == 1"))
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff)
+    assert verdict.tier == "high"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "tests").reason == "1 test(s) removed"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "marker",
+    [
+        '@pytest.mark.skip(reason="flaky")',
+        "@pytest.mark.skip",
+        'pytestmark = pytest.mark.skip("whole module is flaky")',
+        '@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="broken since the refactor")',
+        '@unittest.skip("flaky")',
+    ],
+)
+def test_unconditional_skip_marker_is_high(risk_tier, rules, marker):
+    diff = _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", added=(marker, *NEW_TEST))
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "high"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 skip marker(s) added"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "guard",
+    [
+        '@pytest.mark.skipif(not os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"), reason="needs a real key")',
+        '    if not os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"):',
+        '        pytest.skip("needs a real key")',
+        '@unittest.skipIf(sys.platform == "win32", "posix only")',
+        '@unittest.skipUnless(HAS_REDIS, "needs redis")',
+        'redis = pytest.importorskip("redis")',
+    ],
+)
+def test_conditional_skip_is_not_a_silenced_test(risk_tier, rules, guard):
+    diff = _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", added=(guard, *NEW_TEST)) + _file_diff(
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",)
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "low"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 test(s) added"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("path", "line"),
+    [
+        ("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", '    pytest.skip("flaky since the refactor, see LIT-0000")'),
+        ("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", 'redis = pytest.importorskip("redis")'),
+        ("ui/litellm-dashboard/src/app/login/LoginPage.test.tsx", "  test.fixme(true, 'broken after the redesign');"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_skip_call_added_to_an_existing_test_is_high_even_without_production_code(risk_tier, rules, path, line):
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, _file_diff(path, added=(line,)))
+    assert verdict.tier == "high"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "tests").reason == "1 skip call(s) added to existing tests"
+
+
+def test_removing_a_skip_call_is_not_silencing(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_a.py", deleted=('    pytest.skip("flaky")',)) + _file_diff(
+        "litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",)
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "medium"
+    assert factor.reason == "tests edited, none added"
+
+
+def test_weakened_assertions_are_high(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff(
+        "tests/test_litellm/test_a.py",
+        added=("    assert result",),
+        deleted=("    assert result.status == 200", "    assert result.body == expected"),
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "high"
+    assert factor.reason == "1 assertion(s) removed"
+
+
+def test_renamed_test_file_is_not_a_deletion(risk_tier, rules):
+    body = ("def test_kept():", "    assert kept()")
+    diff = (
+        _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_old.py", deleted=body)
+        + _file_diff("tests/test_litellm/test_new.py", added=body)
+        + _file_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",))
+    )
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "medium"
+    assert factor.reason == "tests edited, none added"
+
+
+def test_production_change_without_any_test_is_medium(risk_tier, rules):
+    diff = _file_diff("litellm/llms/anthropic/chat/x.py", added=("x = 1",))
+    factor = _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests")
+    assert factor.tier == "medium"
+    assert factor.reason == "production code changed with no test touched"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("added", "expected"),
+    [
+        (('it("hides the notice", () => {', "  expect(screen.queryByText(notice)).toBeNull();", "});"), "low"),
+        (('it.skip("hides the notice", () => {', "});"), "high"),
+        (("test.skip('hides the notice', async () => {", "});"), "high"),
+        (('it.only("hides the notice", () => {', "});"), "high"),
+        (('describe.only("login", () => {', "});"), "high"),
+        (('xit("hides the notice", () => {', "});"), "high"),
+        (
+            (
+                'test("hides the notice", async ({ page }) => {',
+                "  test.skip(!process.env.UI_BASE_URL, 'needs a UI');",
+                "});",
+            ),
+            "low",
+        ),
+        (
+            ('test("hides the notice", async ({ page }) => {', "  if (!process.env.UI_BASE_URL) test.skip();", "});"),
+            "low",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_typescript_tests_count_like_python_ones(risk_tier, rules, added, expected):
+    diff = _file_diff("ui/litellm-dashboard/src/app/login/LoginPage.test.tsx", added=added) + _file_diff(
+        "ui/litellm-dashboard/src/app/login/LoginPage.tsx", added=("const x = 1;",)
+    )
+    assert _factor(_verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff), "tests").tier == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("author", "from_fork", "expected"),
+    [
+        (DEVIN, False, "low"),
+        ("mateo-berri", False, "medium"),
+        (DEVIN, True, "high"),
+        ("jairandresdiazp", True, "high"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_author_factor(risk_tier, rules, author, from_fork, expected):
+    diff = _file_diff("README.md", added=("hello",))
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, diff, author=author, from_fork=from_fork)
+    assert _factor(verdict, "author").tier == expected
+    assert verdict.tier == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("path", "expected"),
+    [
+        ("litellm/proxy/auth/user_api_key_auth.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/schema.prisma", "high"),
+        ("litellm-proxy-extras/litellm_proxy_extras/migrations/20260901_x/migration.sql", "high"),
+        ("docker/Dockerfile.database", "high"),
+        ("ui/litellm-dashboard/package.json", "high"),
+        ("scripts/type_check_gate.py", "high"),
+        (".github/risk-tiers.yml", "high"),
+        ("enterprise/pyproject.toml", "high"),
+        ("litellm-proxy-extras/pyproject.toml", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/auth/user_api_key_auth_mcp.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/outbound_credentials/x.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/discoverable_endpoints.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/oauth2_token_cache.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/byok_oauth_endpoints.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/bridge_token_flow.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/proxy_api_credentials.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/faults/render_oauth.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/faults/classify.py", "medium"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/server.py", "medium"),
+        ("enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/hooks/x.py", "high"),
+        ("enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/auth/x.py", "high"),
+        ("enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/management_endpoints/x.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/pass_through_endpoints/x.py", "high"),
+        ("litellm/llms/bedrock/passthrough/x.py", "medium"),
+        ("ui/litellm-dashboard/src/components/networking.tsx", "medium"),
+        ("litellm/types/proxy/x.py", "medium"),
+        ("ui/litellm-dashboard/src/app/login/LoginPage.test.tsx", "low"),
+        ("tests/e2e/x.py", "low"),
+        ("litellm-proxy-extras/tests/test_x.py", "low"),
+        ("helm/litellm-helm/tests/x.yaml", "medium"),
+        ("helm/litellm-helm/templates/tests/test-connection.yaml", "medium"),
+        ("docker/tests/nonroot.yaml", "medium"),
+        ("docker/entrypoint.sh", "medium"),
+        ("CLAUDE.md", "medium"),
+        ("AGENTS.md", "medium"),
+        ("GEMINI.md", "medium"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/_experimental/mcp_server/CLAUDE.md", "medium"),
+        ("tests/conftest.py", "medium"),
+        ("tests/test_litellm/conftest.py", "medium"),
+        ("tests/e2e/junit_properties.py", "low"),
+        ("ui/litellm-dashboard/tests/x.spec.ts", "low"),
+        ("litellm-rust/crates/core/tests/x.rs", "low"),
+        ("enterprise/litellm_enterprise/proxy/common_utils/x.py", "medium"),
+        ("cookbook/x.ipynb", "low"),
+        ("model_prices_and_context_window.json", "low"),
+        ("litellm/model_prices_and_context_window_backup.json", "low"),
+        ("litellm/proxy/README.md", "low"),
+        ("type-discipline-budget.json", "low"),
+        ("ruff-strict-budget.json", "low"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_path_tier_from_the_checked_in_config(rules, path, expected):
+    assert rules.path_tier(path) == expected
+
+
+def test_human_opened_docs_change_is_medium_on_the_author_factor_only(risk_tier, rules):
+    verdict = _verdict(risk_tier, rules, _file_diff("README.md", added=("hello",)), author="mateo-berri")
+    assert verdict.tier == "medium"
+    assert {factor.name: factor.tier for factor in verdict.factors} == {
+        "paths": "low",
+        "modules": "low",
+        "size": "low",
+        "tests": "low",
+        "author": "medium",
+    }
+
+
+MODEL_MAP = "model_prices_and_context_window.json"
+BUDGET = "ruff-strict-budget.json"
+
+
+def _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, path: str, base: str | None, head: str | None):
+    contents = {("base", path): base, ("head", path): head}
+    diff = _file_diff(path, added=("changed",))
+    changes = risk_tier.with_guards(risk_tier.parse_diff(diff), rules, "base", "head", lambda rev, p: contents[(rev, p)])
+    return risk_tier.classify(changes, DEVIN, False, rules)
+
+
+def test_additive_model_map_rows_stay_low(risk_tier, rules):
+    base = json.dumps({"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 1e-6}})
+    head = json.dumps({"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 1e-6}, "gpt-y": {"input_cost_per_token": 2e-6}})
+    verdict = _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, MODEL_MAP, base, head)
+    assert verdict.tier == "low"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").reason == "docs, tests, cookbook, or model map only"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "head",
+    [
+        {"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 3e-6}},
+        {"gpt-x-renamed": {"input_cost_per_token": 1e-6}},
+        {},
+    ],
+)
+def test_changed_or_removed_model_map_rows_are_medium(risk_tier, rules, head):
+    base = json.dumps({"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 1e-6}})
+    verdict = _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, MODEL_MAP, base, json.dumps(head))
+    assert verdict.tier == "medium"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").tier == "medium"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").reason == f"1 existing row(s) changed or removed in `{MODEL_MAP}`"
+
+
+def test_new_model_map_file_or_broken_json_is_never_low(risk_tier, rules):
+    assert _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, MODEL_MAP, None, "{}").tier == "low"
+    assert _factor(_guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, MODEL_MAP, "{}", "not json"), "paths").tier == "medium"
+    assert _factor(_guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, MODEL_MAP, "{}", None), "paths").tier == "medium"
+
+
+def test_lowered_budget_limits_stay_low_and_raised_ones_are_medium(risk_tier, rules):
+    base = json.dumps({"ANN001": {"limit": 10}, "B006": {"limit": 5}})
+    lowered = json.dumps({"ANN001": {"limit": 9}, "B006": {"limit": 5}})
+    raised = json.dumps({"ANN001": {"limit": 10}, "B006": {"limit": 6}})
+    new_rule = json.dumps({"ANN001": {"limit": 10}, "B006": {"limit": 5}, "B999": {"limit": 1}})
+    dropped_rule = json.dumps({"ANN001": {"limit": 10}})
+    assert _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, BUDGET, base, lowered).tier == "low"
+    assert _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, BUDGET, base, dropped_rule).tier == "low"
+    for head in (raised, new_rule):
+        verdict = _guarded_verdict(risk_tier, rules, BUDGET, base, head)
+        assert verdict.tier == "medium"
+        assert _factor(verdict, "paths").reason == f"1 limit(s) raised in `{BUDGET}`"
+
+
+def test_single_star_does_not_cross_directories(risk_tier):
+    assert risk_tier.glob_to_regex("Dockerfile*").fullmatch("Dockerfile.database")
+    assert risk_tier.glob_to_regex("Dockerfile*").fullmatch("docker/Dockerfile.database") is None
+    assert risk_tier.glob_to_regex("scripts/*gate*").fullmatch("scripts/nested/type_check_gate.py") is None
+    assert risk_tier.glob_to_regex("**/migrations/**").fullmatch("migrations/x.sql")
+
+
+def test_parse_diff_handles_binary_deleted_and_dash_prefixed_lines(risk_tier):
+    diff = (
+        "diff --git a/img.png b/img.png\n"
+        "index 0000000..1111111 100644\n"
+        "Binary files a/img.png and b/img.png differ\n"
+        "diff --git a/gone.sql b/gone.sql\n"
+        "deleted file mode 100644\n"
+        "index 1111111..0000000\n"
+        "--- a/gone.sql\n"
+        "+++ /dev/null\n"
+        "@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@\n"
+        "--- a sql comment\n"
+        "-SELECT 1;\n"
+    )
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(diff)
+    assert [change.path for change in changes] == ["img.png", "gone.sql"]
+    assert changes[0].line_count == 0
+    assert changes[1].deleted_lines == ("-- a sql comment", "SELECT 1;")
+    assert changes[1].added_lines == ()
+
+
+def test_parse_diff_of_an_empty_diff_is_empty(risk_tier):
+    assert risk_tier.parse_diff("") == ()
+
+
+def test_parse_diff_reads_a_rename_as_one_change_with_both_paths(risk_tier):
+    diff = _rename_diff("litellm/a/very_long_old_name.py", "litellm/b/new.py", deleted=("x = 1",), added=("x = 2",))
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(diff)
+    assert len(changes) == 1
+    assert changes[0].path == "litellm/b/new.py"
+    assert changes[0].previous_path == "litellm/a/very_long_old_name.py"
+    assert changes[0].paths == ("litellm/a/very_long_old_name.py", "litellm/b/new.py")
+    assert changes[0].line_count == 2
+
+
+def test_parse_diff_unquotes_renamed_paths(risk_tier):
+    diff = (
+        'diff --git "a/docs/we\\"ird.md" b/docs/plain.md\n'
+        "similarity index 100%\n"
+        'rename from "docs/we\\"ird.md"\n'
+        "rename to docs/plain.md\n"
+    )
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(diff)
+    assert changes[0].paths == ('docs/we"ird.md', "docs/plain.md")
+
+
+def test_parse_diff_decodes_git_quoted_paths_instead_of_dropping_them(risk_tier):
+    diff = (
+        "diff --git a/docs/plain.md b/docs/plain.md\n"
+        "--- a/docs/plain.md\n"
+        "+++ b/docs/plain.md\n"
+        "@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n"
+        "+hello\n"
+        'diff --git "a/litellm/proxy/auth/we\\"ird\\ttab\\\\slash\\001.py" "b/litellm/proxy/auth/we\\"ird\\ttab\\\\slash\\001.py"\n'
+        "new file mode 100644\n"
+        '--- "a/litellm/proxy/auth/we\\"ird\\ttab\\\\slash\\001.py"\n'
+        '+++ "b/litellm/proxy/auth/we\\"ird\\ttab\\\\slash\\001.py"\n'
+        "@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@\n"
+        "+def f():\n"
+        "+    return 1\n"
+    )
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(diff)
+    assert [change.path for change in changes] == ["docs/plain.md", 'litellm/proxy/auth/we"ird\ttab\\slash\x01.py']
+    assert [change.line_count for change in changes] == [1, 2]
+
+
+def test_config_rejects_unknown_keys(risk_tier, tmp_path):
+    bad = tmp_path / "risk-tiers.yml"
+    bad.write_text(CONFIG_PATH.read_text() + "\nprompt: judge.md\n")
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Extra inputs"):
+        risk_tier.load_config(bad)
+
+
+def _git(repo: Path, *args: str) -> str:
+    return subprocess.run(
+        ["git", *args],
+        cwd=repo,
+        check=True,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        env={
+            "PATH": os.environ["PATH"],
+            "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME": "t",
+            "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL": "t@x",
+            "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME": "t",
+            "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL": "t@x",
+        },
+    ).stdout.strip()
+
+
+def test_main_end_to_end_against_a_git_repo(risk_tier, tmp_path, capsys):
+    repo = tmp_path / "repo"
+    (repo / "litellm" / "caching").mkdir(parents=True)
+    _git(tmp_path, "init", "-q", "-b", "main", "repo")
+    (repo / "litellm" / "caching" / "caching.py").write_text("x = 1\n")
+    _git(repo, "add", ".")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "base")
+    base = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    (repo / "litellm" / "caching" / "caching.py").write_text("x = 2\n")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-am", "head")
+    head = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    json_out = tmp_path / "risk.json"
+
+    exit_code = risk_tier.main(
+        [
+            "--config",
+            str(CONFIG_PATH),
+            "--base",
+            base,
+            "--head",
+            head,
+            "--author",
+            DEVIN,
+            "--repo",
+            str(repo),
+            "--json-out",
+            str(json_out),
+        ]
+    )
+
+    assert exit_code == 0
+    payload = json.loads(json_out.read_text())
+    assert payload["tier"] == "high"
+    assert {factor["name"]: factor["tier"] for factor in payload["factors"]} == {
+        "paths": "high",
+        "modules": "low",
+        "size": "low",
+        "tests": "medium",
+        "author": "low",
+    }
+    printed = capsys.readouterr().out
+    assert printed.startswith("risk: high (shadow mode, nothing is blocked)")
+    assert payload["summary"] == printed
+
+
+def test_main_reads_both_sides_of_the_model_map_from_git(risk_tier, tmp_path):
+    repo = tmp_path / "repo"
+    repo.mkdir()
+    _git(tmp_path, "init", "-q", "-b", "main", "repo")
+    model_map = repo / "model_prices_and_context_window.json"
+    model_map.write_text(json.dumps({"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 1e-6}}, indent=1))
+    _git(repo, "add", ".")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "base")
+    base = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    model_map.write_text(json.dumps({"gpt-x": {"input_cost_per_token": 2e-6}}, indent=1))
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-am", "reprice")
+    head = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    json_out = tmp_path / "risk.json"
+
+    exit_code = risk_tier.main(
+        ["--config", str(CONFIG_PATH), "--base", base, "--head", head, "--author", DEVIN, "--repo", str(repo), "--json-out", str(json_out)]
+    )
+
+    assert exit_code == 0
+    payload = json.loads(json_out.read_text())
+    assert payload["tier"] == "medium"
+    paths = next(factor for factor in payload["factors"] if factor["name"] == "paths")
+    assert paths["reason"] == "1 existing row(s) changed or removed in `model_prices_and_context_window.json`"
+
+
+def test_git_quoted_filename_still_reaches_the_paths_factor(risk_tier, rules, tmp_path):
+    repo = tmp_path / "repo"
+    (repo / "litellm" / "proxy" / "auth").mkdir(parents=True)
+    _git(tmp_path, "init", "-q", "-b", "main", "repo")
+    (repo / "README.md").write_text("base\n")
+    _git(repo, "add", ".")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "base")
+    base = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    quoted_name = 'we"ird\ttab\\slash.py'
+    (repo / "litellm" / "proxy" / "auth" / quoted_name).write_text("def f():\n    return 1\n")
+    _git(repo, "add", ".")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "head")
+    head = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(risk_tier.git_diff(repo, base, head))
+
+    assert [change.path for change in changes] == [f"litellm/proxy/auth/{quoted_name}"]
+    assert changes[0].added_lines == ("def f():", "    return 1")
+    verdict = risk_tier.classify(changes, DEVIN, False, rules)
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").tier == "high"
+
+
+def test_git_pure_move_is_one_zero_line_change(risk_tier, rules, tmp_path):
+    repo = tmp_path / "repo"
+    (repo / "litellm" / "proxy" / "auth").mkdir(parents=True)
+    _git(tmp_path, "init", "-q", "-b", "main", "repo")
+    (repo / "litellm" / "proxy" / "auth" / "checks.py").write_text("".join(f"x{i} = {i}\n" for i in range(300)))
+    _git(repo, "add", ".")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "base")
+    base = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+    (repo / "litellm" / "proxy" / "utils").mkdir()
+    _git(repo, "mv", "litellm/proxy/auth/checks.py", "litellm/proxy/utils/checks.py")
+    _git(repo, "commit", "-q", "-m", "move")
+    head = _git(repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+
+    changes = risk_tier.parse_diff(risk_tier.git_diff(repo, base, head))
+
+    assert [change.paths for change in changes] == [("litellm/proxy/auth/checks.py", "litellm/proxy/utils/checks.py")]
+    assert changes[0].line_count == 0
+    verdict = risk_tier.classify(changes, DEVIN, False, rules)
+    assert _factor(verdict, "paths").tier == "high"
+    assert _factor(verdict, "size").tier == "low"