diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index aa851f829e4..32d2cf0390c 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -1440,6 +1440,7 @@ jobs:
             TEST_FILES=$(printf "%s\n" \
               tests/local_testing/test_dual_cache.py \
               tests/local_testing/test_redis_batch_optimizations.py \
+              tests/local_testing/test_redis_increment_with_floor.py \
               tests/local_testing/test_router_utils.py)
             echo "$TEST_FILES" | circleci tests run \
               --verbose \
diff --git a/litellm-proxy-extras/litellm_proxy_extras/utils.py b/litellm-proxy-extras/litellm_proxy_extras/utils.py
index 71e7e9c683b..2145f891318 100644
--- a/litellm-proxy-extras/litellm_proxy_extras/utils.py
+++ b/litellm-proxy-extras/litellm_proxy_extras/utils.py
@@ -8,14 +8,10 @@ import tempfile
 import time
 from dataclasses import dataclass, replace
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Final, Optional
 
 from litellm_proxy_extras import prisma_toolchain
 from litellm_proxy_extras._logging import logger
-from litellm_proxy_extras.replica_identity import (
-    REPLICA_IDENTITY_FULL_ENV_VAR,
-    apply_replica_identity_full,
-)
 from litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain import (
     PRISMA_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_ENV_VAR,
     PRISMA_MIGRATE_DEPLOY_TIMEOUT_ENV_VAR,
@@ -23,6 +19,14 @@ from litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain import (
     prisma_command_timeout,
     prisma_migrate_deploy_timeout,
 )
+from litellm_proxy_extras.replica_identity import (
+    REPLICA_IDENTITY_FULL_ENV_VAR,
+    apply_replica_identity_full,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import psycopg
+    import psycopg.sql
 
 
 def str_to_bool(value: Optional[str]) -> bool:
@@ -46,6 +50,28 @@ def _get_prisma_env() -> dict:
 _MIGRATION_TS_RE = re.compile(r"^(\d{14})_")
 
 _MIGRATION_DEADLOCK_MARKER = "deadlock detected"
+INDEX_REPAIR_ADVISORY_LOCK_KEY: Final = int.from_bytes(b"litellm", "big")
+_TRANSIENT_INDEX_SUFFIX_RE: Final = re.compile(r"_cc(?:new|old)\d*$")
+_INVALID_LITELLM_INDEXES_SQL: Final = (
+    "SELECT n.nspname, c.relname, pg_size_pretty(pg_table_size(t.oid)) "
+    "FROM pg_index i "
+    "JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = i.indexrelid "
+    "JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = i.indrelid "
+    "JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace "
+    "WHERE NOT i.indisvalid "
+    "  AND c.relkind = 'i' "
+    "  AND n.nspname = %s "
+    "  AND t.relname LIKE %s "
+    "  AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint k WHERE k.conindid = i.indexrelid) "
+    "ORDER BY c.relname"
+)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class _InvalidIndex:
+    schema: str
+    name: str
+    table_size: str
 
 MAX_MIGRATE_DEPLOY_ATTEMPTS = 4
 
@@ -624,7 +650,7 @@ class ProxyExtrasDBManager:
     def _strip_prisma_query_params(url: str) -> str:
         """Remove Prisma-specific query params (connection_limit, pool_timeout,
         schema, etc.) from DATABASE_URL so psycopg can parse it."""
-        from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, parse_qsl, urlencode
+        from urllib.parse import parse_qsl, quote, urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse
 
         parsed = urlparse(url)
         if not parsed.query:
@@ -645,7 +671,7 @@ class ProxyExtrasDBManager:
             "target_session_attrs",
         }
         kept = [(k, v) for k, v in parse_qsl(parsed.query) if k in libpq_params]
-        return urlunparse(parsed._replace(query=urlencode(kept)))
+        return urlunparse(parsed._replace(query=urlencode(kept, quote_via=quote)))
 
     @staticmethod
     def _warn_if_db_ahead_of_head(migrations_dir: str) -> None:
@@ -719,6 +745,95 @@ class ProxyExtrasDBManager:
             ", ".join(sorted_hostile[:5]) + (" ..." if len(sorted_hostile) > 5 else ""),
         )
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _invalid_litellm_indexes(
+        conn: "psycopg.Connection[tuple[str, str, str]]", schema: str
+    ) -> tuple[_InvalidIndex, ...]:
+        rows: Final = conn.execute(_INVALID_LITELLM_INDEXES_SQL, (schema, "LiteLLM\\_%")).fetchall()
+        return tuple(_InvalidIndex(*row) for row in rows)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _index_repair(index: _InvalidIndex) -> tuple["psycopg.sql.Composed", str]:
+        from psycopg import sql
+
+        target: Final = sql.Identifier(index.schema, index.name)
+        if _TRANSIENT_INDEX_SUFFIX_RE.search(index.name):
+            return sql.SQL("DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF EXISTS {}").format(target), "Dropped leftover"
+        return sql.SQL("REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY {}").format(target), "Rebuilt"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _repair_index(conn: "psycopg.Connection[tuple[str, str, str]]", index: _InvalidIndex) -> None:
+        import psycopg
+
+        statement, action = ProxyExtrasDBManager._index_repair(index)
+        try:
+            conn.execute(statement)
+        except psycopg.Error as e:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Could not repair invalid index %s.%s, will retry on the next startup. "
+                "If this keeps happening, run `%s` by hand as the index owner. Error: %s",
+                index.schema,
+                index.name,
+                statement.as_string(conn),
+                e,
+            )
+            return
+        logger.info("%s invalid index %s.%s", action, index.schema, index.name)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def repair_invalid_indexes(lock_timeout: str = "30s") -> bool:
+        """Rebuild LiteLLM indexes an interrupted CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY left
+        INVALID (a migration deadlock between replicas is the usual cause; the
+        retried migration skips them because of IF NOT EXISTS). Never raises:
+        returns True when no invalid index remains, False when the repair was
+        skipped or failed and will be retried on the next startup. Looks in the
+        schema DATABASE_URL names, the only URL Prisma migrates through, but
+        connects over DIRECT_URL when set: the session settings, the advisory
+        lock and REINDEX CONCURRENTLY all need one server session, which a
+        transaction pooler does not give."""
+        prisma_url: Final = os.getenv("DATABASE_URL")
+        if not prisma_url:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            import psycopg
+            from psycopg import sql
+        except ImportError:
+            logger.warning(
+                "psycopg is not installed; skipping the invalid index check. "
+                "Install the litellm[extra_proxy] extra, which includes psycopg."
+            )
+            return False
+
+        schema: Final = ProxyExtrasDBManager._prisma_schema_param(prisma_url) or "public"
+        cleaned_url: Final = ProxyExtrasDBManager._strip_prisma_query_params(os.getenv("DIRECT_URL") or prisma_url)
+        try:
+            with psycopg.connect(cleaned_url, connect_timeout=10, autocommit=True) as conn:
+                conn.execute("SET statement_timeout = 0")
+                conn.execute(sql.SQL("SET lock_timeout = {}").format(sql.Literal(lock_timeout)))
+                found: Final = ProxyExtrasDBManager._invalid_litellm_indexes(conn, schema)
+                if not found:
+                    return True
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Found %d invalid index(es) left by an interrupted CREATE INDEX "
+                    "CONCURRENTLY, rebuilding: %s",
+                    len(found),
+                    ", ".join(f"{index.name} (table size {index.table_size})" for index in found),
+                )
+                lock_row: Final = conn.execute(
+                    "SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock(%s)", (INDEX_REPAIR_ADVISORY_LOCK_KEY,)
+                ).fetchone()
+                if lock_row is None or not lock_row[0]:
+                    logger.info("Another replica is already rebuilding the invalid indexes, skipping")
+                    return False
+                for index in ProxyExtrasDBManager._invalid_litellm_indexes(conn, schema):
+                    ProxyExtrasDBManager._repair_index(conn, index)
+                remaining: Final = ProxyExtrasDBManager._invalid_litellm_indexes(conn, schema)
+        except psycopg.Error as e:
+            logger.warning("Could not check for invalid indexes, will retry on the next startup. Error: %s", e)
+            return False
+        return not remaining
+
     @staticmethod
     def _setup_database_v2(use_migrate: bool) -> bool:
         """
@@ -994,6 +1109,7 @@ class ProxyExtrasDBManager:
             use_migrate=use_migrate, use_v2_resolver=use_v2_resolver
         )
         if migrated:
+            ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes()
             ProxyExtrasDBManager.apply_replica_identity_full_if_requested()
         return migrated
 
diff --git a/litellm/caching/redis_cache.py b/litellm/caching/redis_cache.py
index aaee7188d86..106c1580110 100644
--- a/litellm/caching/redis_cache.py
+++ b/litellm/caching/redis_cache.py
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ from contextvars import ContextVar
 from datetime import timedelta
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Final, Protocol, TypeVar, cast
 
+from pydantic import TypeAdapter
+
 import litellm
 from litellm._logging import print_verbose, verbose_logger
 from litellm.constants import (
@@ -80,11 +82,29 @@ class _AsyncRedisCommands(Protocol):
 
     def pipeline(self, transaction: bool = True) -> "Pipeline[bytes]": ...
 
+    def eval(self, script: str, numkeys: int, *keys_and_args: str | bytes | float) -> Awaitable[object]: ...
+
 
 _BREAKER_GUARD_FRAME_NAMES: Final = frozenset(
     {"<lambda>", "wrapper", "_run_under_circuit_breaker", "_run_under_circuit_breaker_sync"}
 )
 
+_INCREMENT_WITH_FLOOR_LUA: Final = (
+    "local count = redis.call('INCRBY', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]) "
+    "if count < 0 then count = redis.call('INCRBY', KEYS[1], -count) end "
+    "if redis.call('TTL', KEYS[1]) < 0 then redis.call('EXPIRE', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]) end "
+    "return count"
+)
+
+_LUA_COUNT: Final = TypeAdapter(int)
+_OPTIONAL_COUNTS: Final = TypeAdapter(tuple[int | None, ...])
+
+
+def _decoded_counts(values: Sequence[bytes | str | None]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+    return _OPTIONAL_COUNTS.validate_python(
+        tuple(value.decode("utf-8") if isinstance(value, bytes) else value for value in values)
+    )
+
 
 def _get_call_stack_info(num_frames: int = 2) -> str:
     """
@@ -736,6 +756,43 @@ class RedisCache(BaseCache):
             )
             raise e
 
+    @_redis_circuit_breaker_guard_sync
+    def increment_with_floor(self, key: str, value: int, ttl: int) -> int:
+        """Add ``value`` to ``key``, clamp the result at zero, and give a new key ``ttl``, in one Lua call.
+
+        A counter whose key expired while a request was still in flight would otherwise be
+        recreated negative by that request's decrement. Clamping inside the same call is what
+        keeps it safe: a separate corrective write could land after another pod's increment and
+        erase it.
+
+        The TTL is set only on a key that has none, so a counter expires ``ttl`` after it was
+        created rather than ``ttl`` after it was last touched. Refreshing it on every touch
+        would keep a count a dead worker never decremented alive for as long as the group
+        takes traffic. Returns the resulting count.
+        """
+        namespaced_key: Final = self.check_and_fix_namespace(key=key)
+        count: Final[object] = self.redis_client.eval(  # pyright: ignore[reportAttributeAccessIssue]  # stubs omit eval
+            _INCREMENT_WITH_FLOOR_LUA, 1, namespaced_key, value, ttl
+        )
+        return _LUA_COUNT.validate_python(count)
+
+    @_redis_circuit_breaker_guard_sync
+    def batch_get_counts(self, key_list: list[str]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+        """Read integer counters for ``key_list``, in order, raising when Redis cannot answer.
+
+        ``batch_get_cache`` swallows every failure and returns an empty dict, which the caller
+        cannot tell apart from "every counter is unset". A caller that has to fall back to its
+        own numbers when Redis is unreachable needs the failure, not a dict of zeros.
+        """
+        namespaced_keys: Final = [self.check_and_fix_namespace(key=key) for key in key_list]
+        return _decoded_counts(self._run_redis_mget_operation(keys=namespaced_keys))
+
+    @_redis_circuit_breaker_guard
+    async def async_batch_get_counts(self, key_list: list[str]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+        """Async twin of ``batch_get_counts``, raising on failure the same way."""
+        namespaced_keys: Final = [self.check_and_fix_namespace(key=key) for key in key_list]
+        return _decoded_counts(await self._async_run_redis_mget_operation(keys=namespaced_keys))
+
     @_redis_circuit_breaker_guard
     async def async_scan_iter(self, pattern: str, count: int = 100) -> list:
         start_time: Final = time.time()
@@ -1241,6 +1298,14 @@ class RedisCache(BaseCache):
             result = result.decode()
         return float(result)
 
+    @_redis_circuit_breaker_guard
+    async def async_increment_with_floor(self, key: str, value: int, ttl: int) -> int:
+        """Async twin of ``increment_with_floor``, sharing its Lua script and its guarantees."""
+        _redis_client: Final = self._async_commands()
+        namespaced_key: Final = self.check_and_fix_namespace(key=key)
+        count: Final = await _redis_client.eval(_INCREMENT_WITH_FLOOR_LUA, 1, namespaced_key, value, ttl)
+        return _LUA_COUNT.validate_python(count)
+
     async def flush_cache_buffer(self):
         print_verbose(f"flushing to redis....reached size of buffer {len(self.redis_batch_writing_buffer)}")
         await self.async_set_cache_pipeline(self.redis_batch_writing_buffer)
diff --git a/litellm/constants.py b/litellm/constants.py
index defc9337e9b..8ef9523a60a 100644
--- a/litellm/constants.py
+++ b/litellm/constants.py
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ DEFAULT_MAX_TOKENS: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_MAX_TOKENS", 4096))
 DEFAULT_ALLOWED_FAILS: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_ALLOWED_FAILS", 3))
 DEFAULT_REDIS_SYNC_INTERVAL: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_REDIS_SYNC_INTERVAL", 1))
 DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_TIME_SECONDS: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_TIME_SECONDS", 5))
+DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_REDIS_READ_INTERVAL_SECONDS: Final = float(
+    os.getenv("DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_REDIS_READ_INTERVAL_SECONDS", "1")
+)
 DEFAULT_REPLICATE_POLLING_RETRIES: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_REPLICATE_POLLING_RETRIES", 5))
 DEFAULT_REPLICATE_POLLING_DELAY_SECONDS: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_REPLICATE_POLLING_DELAY_SECONDS", 1))
 DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN_COUNT: Final = int(os.getenv("DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN_COUNT", 250))
diff --git a/litellm/integrations/custom_guardrail.py b/litellm/integrations/custom_guardrail.py
index 2d66a280663..e76d4b05bb2 100644
--- a/litellm/integrations/custom_guardrail.py
+++ b/litellm/integrations/custom_guardrail.py
@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ class CustomGuardrail(CustomLogger):
     def uses_apply_guardrail_interface(self) -> bool:
         return type(self).apply_guardrail is not CustomGuardrail.apply_guardrail
 
-    def _deployment_pre_call_target(self) -> "CustomLogger":
+    def _deployment_hook_target(self) -> "CustomLogger":
         if not self.uses_apply_guardrail_interface() or self.use_native_lifecycle_hooks:
             return self
         try:
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ class CustomGuardrail(CustomLogger):
 
         # CHECK IF GUARDRAIL REJECTS THE REQUEST
         if call_type == CallTypes.completion or call_type == CallTypes.acompletion:
-            target: Final = self._deployment_pre_call_target()
+            target: Final = self._deployment_hook_target()
             if target is not self:
                 kwargs["guardrail_to_apply"] = self
             result: Final = await target.async_pre_call_hook(
@@ -845,7 +845,9 @@ class CustomGuardrail(CustomLogger):
             return None
 
         # CHECK IF GUARDRAIL REJECTS THE REQUEST
-        result: Final = await self.async_post_call_success_hook(
+        target: Final = self._deployment_hook_target()
+        hook_request_data: Final = {**request_data, "guardrail_to_apply": self} if target is not self else request_data
+        result: Final = await target.async_post_call_success_hook(
             user_api_key_dict=UserAPIKeyAuth(
                 user_id=request_data.get("user_api_key_user_id"),
                 team_id=request_data.get("user_api_key_team_id"),
@@ -853,7 +855,7 @@ class CustomGuardrail(CustomLogger):
                 api_key=request_data.get("user_api_key_hash"),
                 request_route=request_data.get("user_api_key_request_route"),
             ),
-            data=request_data,
+            data=hook_request_data,
             response=response,
         )
 
diff --git a/litellm/litellm_core_utils/credential_accessor.py b/litellm/litellm_core_utils/credential_accessor.py
index 7071750b970..7b4e8240b69 100644
--- a/litellm/litellm_core_utils/credential_accessor.py
+++ b/litellm/litellm_core_utils/credential_accessor.py
@@ -7,16 +7,19 @@ from litellm.types.utils import CredentialItem
 
 
 class CredentialAccessor:
+    @staticmethod
+    def find_credential(credential_name: str) -> CredentialItem | None:
+        return next(
+            (credential for credential in litellm.credential_list if credential.credential_name == credential_name),
+            None,
+        )
+
     @staticmethod
     def get_credential_values(credential_name: str) -> dict:
         """Safe accessor for credentials."""
 
-        if not litellm.credential_list:
-            return {}
-        for credential in litellm.credential_list:
-            if credential.credential_name == credential_name:
-                return credential.credential_values.copy()
-        return {}
+        credential: Final = CredentialAccessor.find_credential(credential_name)
+        return {} if credential is None else credential.credential_values.copy()
 
     @staticmethod
     def upsert_credentials(credentials: list[CredentialItem]):
diff --git a/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py b/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
index 2f561809940..8b6d3a0ceb4 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
@@ -1741,6 +1741,12 @@ class BaseLLMHTTPHandler:
         except Exception as e:
             raise self._handle_error(e=e, provider_config=provider_config)
 
+        logging_obj.post_call(
+            api_key=api_key,
+            original_response=response.text,
+            additional_args={"complete_input_dict": data},
+        )
+
         return self._transform_ocr_response(
             provider_config=provider_config,
             model=model,
@@ -1804,6 +1810,12 @@ class BaseLLMHTTPHandler:
         except Exception as e:
             raise self._handle_error(e=e, provider_config=provider_config)
 
+        logging_obj.post_call(
+            api_key=api_key,
+            original_response=response.text,
+            additional_args={"complete_input_dict": data},
+        )
+
         # Use async response transform for async operations
         return await provider_config.async_transform_ocr_response(
             model=model,
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/common_utils/registry_read_through.py b/litellm/proxy/common_utils/registry_read_through.py
index 460b348e188..63da5d15207 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/common_utils/registry_read_through.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/common_utils/registry_read_through.py
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ async def _resync_model_deployments(model_name: str) -> bool:
         )
         return proxy_server.llm_router is not None
     async with proxy_server.MODEL_RECONCILE_LOCK:
+        await proxy_server.proxy_config.get_credentials(prisma_client=prisma_client)
         proxy_server.proxy_config._add_deployment(db_models=rows)
         proxy_server.llm_model_list = router.get_model_list()
     return True
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/db/check_migration.py b/litellm/proxy/db/check_migration.py
index b7a07d4eeea..6e2a06c96e1 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/db/check_migration.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/db/check_migration.py
@@ -46,17 +46,32 @@ def extract_sql_commands(diff_output: str) -> list[str]:
 
 def check_prisma_schema_diff_helper(db_url: str) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
     """Checks for differences between current database and Prisma schema.
+
+    Never raises: a diff that cannot be produced, because the runner is missing,
+    because the command failed, or because it outlived its budget, is reported as
+    "no diff" so boot continues.
+
     Returns:
         A tuple containing:
         - A boolean indicating if differences were found (True) or not (False).
-        - A string with the diff output or error message.
-    Raises:
-        subprocess.CalledProcessError: If the Prisma command fails.
-        Exception: For any other errors during execution.
+        - The SQL commands that would close the diff, empty when there is none.
     """
-    verbose_logger.debug("Checking for Prisma schema diff...")
     try:
-        result: Final = subprocess.run(
+        from litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain import (
+            PRISMA_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_ENV_VAR,
+            prisma_command_timeout,
+            run_prisma,
+        )
+    except ImportError as e:
+        print(  # noqa: T201  # boot-time operator output, same channel as this helper's other messages
+            f"Skipping the migration diff: litellm-proxy-extras has no Prisma runner. Error: {e}"
+        )
+        return False, []
+
+    verbose_logger.debug("Checking for Prisma schema diff...")
+    timeout: Final = prisma_command_timeout()
+    try:
+        result: Final = run_prisma(
             [
                 "prisma",
                 "migrate",
@@ -67,12 +82,10 @@ def check_prisma_schema_diff_helper(db_url: str) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
                 "./schema.prisma",
                 "--script",
             ],
-            capture_output=True,
-            text=True,
-            check=True,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            env=os.environ.copy(),
         )
 
-        # return True, "Migration diff generated successfully."
         sql_commands: Final = extract_sql_commands(result.stdout)
 
         if sql_commands:
@@ -83,6 +96,12 @@ def check_prisma_schema_diff_helper(db_url: str) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
             return True, sql_commands
         else:
             return False, []
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+        print(  # noqa: T201  # boot-time operator output, same channel as this helper's other messages
+            f"Timed out after {timeout}s generating the migration diff. "
+            f"Raise {PRISMA_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_ENV_VAR} if this database needs longer."
+        )
+        return False, []
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         error_message: Final = f"Failed to generate migration diff. Error: {e.stderr}"
         print(error_message)  # noqa: T201
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/db/prisma_client.py b/litellm/proxy/db/prisma_client.py
index 2190ae55fd2..9ea2432f2f5 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/db/prisma_client.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/db/prisma_client.py
@@ -937,9 +937,17 @@ class PrismaManager:
                         use_v2_resolver=use_v2_resolver,
                     )
                 else:
+                    try:
+                        from litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain import (
+                            prisma_command_timeout,
+                            run_prisma,
+                        )
+                    except ImportError as e:
+                        verbose_proxy_logger.error("\x1b[1;31mLiteLLM: Failed to import proxy extras. Got %s\x1b[0m", e)
+                        return False
+
                     PrismaManager._raise_if_partitioned_spend_logs()
-                    # Use prisma db push with increased timeout
-                    subprocess.run(
+                    run_prisma(
                         [
                             "prisma",
                             "db",
@@ -947,13 +955,15 @@ class PrismaManager:
                             "--accept-data-loss",
                             "--skip-generate",
                         ],
-                        timeout=60,
-                        check=True,
+                        timeout=prisma_command_timeout(),
+                        env=os.environ.copy(),
+                        stdout=None,
+                        stderr=None,
                     )
                     PrismaManager._apply_replica_identity_full_if_requested()
                     return True
-            except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
-                verbose_proxy_logger.warning("Attempt %s timed out", attempt + 1)
+            except subprocess.TimeoutExpired as e:
+                verbose_proxy_logger.warning("Attempt %s timed out after %.0fs", attempt + 1, e.timeout)
                 time.sleep(random.randrange(5, 15))
             except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
                 attempts_left = 3 - attempt
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/tool_permission.py b/litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/tool_permission.py
index a8b33109900..e20f0b320b9 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/tool_permission.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/tool_permission.py
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ class ToolPermissionGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
 
         for _tool_call, is_allowed, _rule_id, message in checked:
             if not is_allowed and message is not None:
-                verbose_proxy_logger.warning("Tool Permission Guardrail: %s", message)
+                verbose_proxy_logger.info("Tool Permission Guardrail: %s", message)
                 if self.on_disallowed_action == "block":
                     raise GuardrailRaisedException(
                         guardrail_name=self.guardrail_name, message=message, blocked_content=True
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ class ToolPermissionGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
 
         new_tools: Final = self._collect_request_tools(data)
         if not new_tools:
-            verbose_proxy_logger.warning(
+            verbose_proxy_logger.debug(
                 "Tool Permission Guardrail: not running guardrail. No tools or functions in data"
             )
             return data
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ class ToolPermissionGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
             is_allowed, _, message = self._check_tool_permission(tool_name, tool_type)
 
             if not is_allowed and message is not None:
-                verbose_proxy_logger.warning("Tool Permission Guardrail: %s", message)
+                verbose_proxy_logger.info("Tool Permission Guardrail: %s", message)
                 if self.on_disallowed_action == "block":
                     raise HTTPException(
                         status_code=400,
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/policy_engine/pipeline_executor.py b/litellm/proxy/policy_engine/pipeline_executor.py
index 4be0f556ed7..1bcda38657b 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/policy_engine/pipeline_executor.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/policy_engine/pipeline_executor.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pass/fail actions (allow, block, next, modify_response) and data forwarding.
 """
 
 import time
-from collections.abc import Sequence
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from typing import Any, Final, Literal
 
 import litellm
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ from litellm.integrations.custom_guardrail import (
     ModifyResponseException,
 )
 from litellm.integrations.custom_logger import CustomLogger
-from litellm.litellm_core_utils.core_helpers import independent_snapshot
+from litellm.litellm_core_utils.core_helpers import (
+    get_metadata_variable_name_from_kwargs,
+    get_or_create_metadata_bucket,
+    independent_snapshot,
+)
 from litellm.proxy.guardrails.guardrail_hooks.unified_guardrail.unified_guardrail import (
     UnifiedLLMGuardrails,
 )
@@ -25,6 +29,7 @@ from litellm.types.proxy.policy_engine.pipeline_types import (
     PipelineStep,
     PipelineStepResult,
 )
+from litellm.types.utils import StandardLoggingGuardrailInformation
 
 try:
     from fastapi.exceptions import HTTPException
@@ -118,6 +123,7 @@ class PipelineExecutor:
                 return _allow_result(step_results=step_results, working_data=working_data, request_data=data)
 
             if action == "block":
+                _carry_working_guardrail_information(working_data=working_data, request_data=data)
                 return PipelineExecutionResult(
                     terminal_action="block",
                     step_results=step_results,
@@ -126,6 +132,7 @@ class PipelineExecutor:
                 )
 
             if action == "modify_response":
+                _carry_working_guardrail_information(working_data=working_data, request_data=data)
                 return PipelineExecutionResult(
                     terminal_action="modify_response",
                     step_results=step_results,
@@ -168,34 +175,33 @@ class PipelineExecutor:
             verbose_proxy_logger.warning("Pipeline: guardrail '%s' not found in callbacks", step.guardrail)
             return ("error", None, f"Guardrail '{step.guardrail}' not found", None)
 
+        # Inject guardrail name into metadata so should_run_guardrail() allows it
+        if "metadata" not in data:
+            data["metadata"] = {}
+        data["metadata"]["guardrails"] = [step.guardrail]
+
+        # A scan_raw_request step evaluates the pristine pre-pipeline
+        # snapshot instead of `data` (which earlier pass_data steps in
+        # this same pipeline may have already rewritten), same reason
+        # the normal sequential/parallel guardrail loops do this.
+        scans_raw_request: Final = callback.scan_raw_request
+        hook_input: Final[dict] = (  # mutable-ok: same request-payload shape as data
+            independent_snapshot(raw_request_snapshot)
+            if scans_raw_request and raw_request_snapshot is not None
+            else data
+        )
+        if hook_input is not data:
+            hook_input.setdefault("metadata", {})["guardrails"] = [step.guardrail]
+        snapshot_entries_before: Final = len(_recorded_guardrail_information(hook_input))
+
+        # Use unified_guardrail path if callback implements apply_guardrail
+        target: CustomLogger = callback
+        use_unified: Final = "apply_guardrail" in type(callback).__dict__ and not callback.use_native_lifecycle_hooks
+        if use_unified:
+            hook_input["guardrail_to_apply"] = callback
+            target = UnifiedLLMGuardrails()
+
         try:
-            # Inject guardrail name into metadata so should_run_guardrail() allows it
-            if "metadata" not in data:
-                data["metadata"] = {}
-            data["metadata"]["guardrails"] = [step.guardrail]
-
-            # A scan_raw_request step evaluates the pristine pre-pipeline
-            # snapshot instead of `data` (which earlier pass_data steps in
-            # this same pipeline may have already rewritten), same reason
-            # the normal sequential/parallel guardrail loops do this.
-            scans_raw_request: Final = callback.scan_raw_request
-            hook_input: Final[dict] = (  # mutable-ok: same request-payload shape as data
-                independent_snapshot(raw_request_snapshot)
-                if scans_raw_request and raw_request_snapshot is not None
-                else data
-            )
-            if hook_input is not data:
-                hook_input.setdefault("metadata", {})["guardrails"] = [step.guardrail]
-
-            # Use unified_guardrail path if callback implements apply_guardrail
-            target: CustomLogger = callback
-            use_unified: Final = (
-                "apply_guardrail" in type(callback).__dict__ and not callback.use_native_lifecycle_hooks
-            )
-            if use_unified:
-                hook_input["guardrail_to_apply"] = callback
-                target = UnifiedLLMGuardrails()
-
             if mode == "pre_call":
                 response = await target.async_pre_call_hook(
                     user_api_key_dict=user_api_key_dict,
@@ -233,6 +239,12 @@ class PipelineExecutor:
             else:
                 verbose_proxy_logger.error("Pipeline: unexpected error from guardrail '%s': %s", step.guardrail, e)
                 return ("error", None, str(e), e)
+        finally:
+            if hook_input is not data:
+                _append_guardrail_information(
+                    request_data=data,
+                    entries=_recorded_guardrail_information(hook_input)[snapshot_entries_before:],
+                )
 
     @staticmethod
     def find_guardrail_callback(guardrail_name: str) -> CustomGuardrail | None:
@@ -283,6 +295,40 @@ def _restore_request_guardrails(
     return {**working_data, "metadata": stripped}  # mutable-ok: request dict
 
 
+_GUARDRAIL_INFORMATION_KEY: Final = "standard_logging_guardrail_information"
+
+
+def _recorded_guardrail_information(source: Mapping[str, object]) -> list[StandardLoggingGuardrailInformation]:
+    bucket: Final = source.get(get_metadata_variable_name_from_kwargs(source))
+    recorded: Final = bucket.get(_GUARDRAIL_INFORMATION_KEY) if isinstance(bucket, dict) else None
+    return recorded if isinstance(recorded, list) else []
+
+
+def _append_guardrail_information(
+    request_data: dict[str, object],  # mutable-ok: same request-payload shape as execute_steps' data
+    entries: Sequence[StandardLoggingGuardrailInformation],
+) -> None:
+    if not entries:
+        return
+    _, request_bucket = get_or_create_metadata_bucket(request_data)
+    existing: Final = request_bucket.get(_GUARDRAIL_INFORMATION_KEY)
+    if isinstance(existing, list):
+        existing.extend(entries)
+        return
+    request_bucket[_GUARDRAIL_INFORMATION_KEY] = list(entries)
+
+
+def _carry_working_guardrail_information(
+    working_data: Mapping[str, object],
+    request_data: dict[str, object],  # mutable-ok: same request-payload shape as execute_steps' data
+) -> None:
+    recorded: Final = _recorded_guardrail_information(working_data)
+    existing: Final = _recorded_guardrail_information(request_data)
+    if recorded is existing:
+        return
+    _append_guardrail_information(request_data=request_data, entries=[e for e in recorded if e not in existing])
+
+
 def _pipeline_action_for_outcome(step: PipelineStep, outcome: str) -> str:
     """
     Map pipeline step outcome to the configured action.
diff --git a/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py b/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py
index 32b6b841af7..1d6baf5fded 100644
--- a/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py
+++ b/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py
@@ -7109,11 +7109,10 @@ class ProxyConfig:
                 ],
             )
 
-            # Only load models from DB if "models" is in supported_db_objects (or if supported_db_objects is not set)
-            if self._should_load_db_object(object_type="models"):
-                new_models: Final = await self._get_models_from_db(prisma_client=prisma_client)
-
-                # update llm router
+            load_models: Final = self._should_load_db_object(object_type="models")
+            new_models: Final = await self._get_models_from_db(prisma_client=prisma_client) if load_models else None
+            await self.get_credentials(prisma_client=prisma_client)
+            if load_models:
                 still_desired_ids = await self._update_llm_router(
                     new_models=new_models, proxy_logging_obj=proxy_logging_obj
                 )
@@ -7153,12 +7152,9 @@ class ProxyConfig:
         async def _resync_config_from_db() -> None:
             await self.add_deployment(prisma_client=prisma_client, proxy_logging_obj=proxy_logging_obj)
 
-        async def _resync_credentials_from_db() -> None:
-            await self.get_credentials(prisma_client=prisma_client)
-
         subscriber: Final = ConfigSyncSubscriber(
             redis_cache=redis_cache,
-            resync_callbacks=(_resync_config_from_db, _resync_credentials_from_db),
+            resync_callbacks=(_resync_config_from_db,),
         )
         self.config_sync_subscriber = subscriber
         subscriber.start()
@@ -8013,7 +8009,7 @@ class ProxyConfig:
 
     async def get_credentials(self, prisma_client: PrismaClient):
         try:
-            credentials = await CredentialsRepository(prisma_client).find_all()
+            credentials = await CredentialsRepository(WriterPinnedClient(prisma_client.db)).find_all()
             credentials = [self.decrypt_credentials(cred) for cred in credentials]
             await self.delete_credentials(credentials)  # delete credentials that are not in the all-up list
             CredentialAccessor.upsert_credentials(credentials)  # upsert credentials that are in the all-up list
@@ -9597,19 +9593,6 @@ class ProxyStartupEvent:
         )
 
         if store_model_in_db is True:
-            ### GET STORED CREDENTIALS ###
-            scheduler.add_job(
-                proxy_config.get_credentials,
-                "interval",
-                seconds=config_reload_interval_seconds,
-                # REMOVED jitter parameter - major cause of memory leak
-                args=[prisma_client],
-                id="get_credentials_job",
-                replace_existing=True,
-                misfire_grace_time=APSCHEDULER_MISFIRE_GRACE_TIME,
-            )
-            await proxy_config.get_credentials(prisma_client=prisma_client)
-
             # MEMORY LEAK FIX: Increase interval from 10s to 30s minimum
             # Frequent polling was causing excessive memory allocations
             scheduler.add_job(
@@ -9623,7 +9606,7 @@ class ProxyStartupEvent:
                 misfire_grace_time=APSCHEDULER_MISFIRE_GRACE_TIME,
             )
 
-            # this will load all existing models on proxy startup
+            # this will load all existing credentials and models on proxy startup
             await proxy_config.add_deployment(prisma_client=prisma_client, proxy_logging_obj=proxy_logging_obj)
 
             proxy_config.start_config_sync_subscriber(
diff --git a/litellm/router.py b/litellm/router.py
index 95cabfad4bd..843b916d90f 100644
--- a/litellm/router.py
+++ b/litellm/router.py
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ class Router:
                 selector = LeastBusyLoggingHandler(router_cache=self.cache)
                 if register_callbacks:
                     if isinstance(litellm.input_callback, list):
-                        litellm.input_callback.append(selector)
+                        litellm.logging_callback_manager.add_litellm_input_callback(selector)
                     else:
                         litellm.input_callback = [selector]
             case RoutingStrategy.USAGE_BASED_ROUTING.value:
@@ -4214,10 +4214,12 @@ class Router:
                 }
             )
         litellm_logging_object = cast(LiteLLMLogging, litellm_logging_object)
-        prompt_management_deployment: Final = self.get_available_deployment(
+        specific_deployment: Final = kwargs.pop("specific_deployment", None)
+        prompt_management_deployment: Final = await self.async_get_available_deployment(
             model=model,
-            messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "prompt"}],
-            specific_deployment=kwargs.pop("specific_deployment", None),
+            messages=cast(list[dict[str, str]], messages),  # cast-ok: selection reads messages structurally
+            specific_deployment=specific_deployment,
+            request_kwargs=kwargs,
         )
 
         self._update_kwargs_with_deployment(deployment=prompt_management_deployment, kwargs=kwargs)
diff --git a/litellm/router_strategy/least_busy.py b/litellm/router_strategy/least_busy.py
index 1433e8ba4d4..14e6592e1fd 100644
--- a/litellm/router_strategy/least_busy.py
+++ b/litellm/router_strategy/least_busy.py
@@ -1,17 +1,103 @@
-#### What this does ####
-#   identifies least busy deployment
-#   How is this achieved?
-#   - Before each call, have the router print the state of requests {"deployment": "requests_in_flight"}
-#   - use litellm.input_callbacks to log when a request is just about to be made to a model - {"deployment-id": traffic}
-#   - use litellm.success + failure callbacks to log when a request completed
-#   - in get_available_deployment, for a given model group name -> pick based on traffic
-
-import random
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from typing import Final
 
+from pydantic import TypeAdapter, ValidationError
+from typing_extensions import ReadOnly, TypedDict
+
+from litellm._logging import verbose_router_logger
 from litellm.caching.caching import DualCache
 from litellm.integrations.custom_logger import CustomLogger
 
+IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS: Final = 60 * 60
+
+
+class _ModelInfo(TypedDict, total=False):
+    id: ReadOnly[str | int | None]
+
+
+class _Metadata(TypedDict, total=False):
+    model_group: ReadOnly[str | None]
+
+
+class _LitellmParams(TypedDict, total=False):
+    metadata: ReadOnly[_Metadata | None]
+    model_info: ReadOnly[_ModelInfo | None]
+
+
+class _CallKwargs(TypedDict, total=False):
+    litellm_params: ReadOnly[_LitellmParams | None]
+
+
+class _DeploymentModelInfo(TypedDict):
+    id: ReadOnly[str | int]
+
+
+class _Deployment(TypedDict):
+    model_info: ReadOnly[_DeploymentModelInfo]
+
+
+_CALL_KWARGS: Final = TypeAdapter(_CallKwargs)
+_DEPLOYMENTS: Final = TypeAdapter(list[_Deployment])
+_MEMORY_COUNTS: Final = TypeAdapter(tuple[float | None, ...] | None)
+
+
+def _request_count_key(model_group: str, deployment_id: str) -> str:
+    return f"{model_group}_request_count:{deployment_id}"
+
+
+def _deployment_ref(kwargs: Mapping[str, object]) -> tuple[str, str] | None:
+    try:
+        call: Final = _CALL_KWARGS.validate_python(kwargs)
+    except ValidationError:
+        return None
+    litellm_params: Final = call.get("litellm_params")
+    metadata: Final = litellm_params.get("metadata") if litellm_params else None
+    model_info: Final = litellm_params.get("model_info") if litellm_params else None
+    model_group: Final = metadata.get("model_group") if metadata else None
+    deployment_id: Final = model_info.get("id") if model_info else None
+    if model_group is None or deployment_id is None:
+        return None
+    return model_group, str(deployment_id)
+
+
+def _request_count_keys(model_group: str, healthy_deployments: Sequence[Mapping[str, object]]) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    return tuple(
+        _request_count_key(model_group, str(deployment["model_info"]["id"]))
+        for deployment in _DEPLOYMENTS.validate_python(healthy_deployments)
+    )
+
+
+def _as_counts(values: Sequence[float | None]) -> tuple[int, ...]:
+    return tuple(0 if value is None else int(value) for value in values)
+
+
+def _local_counts(raw: object, keys: tuple[str, ...]) -> tuple[int, ...]:
+    values: Final = _MEMORY_COUNTS.validate_python(raw)
+    if values is None or len(values) != len(keys):
+        return (0,) * len(keys)
+    return _as_counts(values)
+
+
+def _least_busy(
+    healthy_deployments: Sequence[Mapping[str, object]], counts: tuple[int, ...]
+) -> Mapping[str, object] | None:
+    if not healthy_deployments:
+        return None
+    return healthy_deployments[min(range(len(healthy_deployments)), key=lambda index: counts[index])]
+
+
+def _warn_unreadable(model_group: str, error: Exception) -> None:
+    verbose_router_logger.warning(
+        "least-busy routing could not read the shared in-flight counts for %s, "
+        "falling back to this worker's own counts: %s",
+        model_group,
+        error,
+    )
+
+
+def _warn_unwritable(key: str, error: Exception) -> None:
+    verbose_router_logger.warning("least-busy routing could not update the in-flight count under %s: %s", key, error)
+
 
 class LeastBusyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
     test_flag: bool = False
@@ -20,195 +106,101 @@ class LeastBusyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
 
     def __init__(self, router_cache: DualCache):
         self.router_cache = router_cache
+        self.router_cache_id = str(id(router_cache))
 
-    def log_pre_api_call(self, model, messages, kwargs):
-        """
-        Log when a model is being used.
+    def log_pre_api_call(self, model: str, messages: object, kwargs: Mapping[str, object]) -> None:
+        self._increment(kwargs, 1)
 
-        Caching based on model group.
-        """
-        try:
-            if kwargs["litellm_params"].get("metadata") is None:
-                pass
-            else:
-                model_group: Final = kwargs["litellm_params"]["metadata"].get("model_group", None)
-                id = kwargs["litellm_params"].get("model_info", {}).get("id", None)
-                if model_group is None or id is None:
-                    return
-                elif isinstance(id, int):
-                    id = str(id)
+    def log_success_event(
+        self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], response_obj: object, start_time: object, end_time: object
+    ) -> None:
+        self._increment(kwargs, -1)
+        if self.test_flag:
+            self.logged_success += 1
 
-                request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-                # update cache
-                request_count_dict: Final = self.router_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-                request_count_dict[id] = request_count_dict.get(id, 0) + 1
+    def log_failure_event(
+        self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], response_obj: object, start_time: object, end_time: object
+    ) -> None:
+        self._increment(kwargs, -1)
+        if self.test_flag:
+            self.logged_failure += 1
 
-                self.router_cache.set_cache(key=request_count_api_key, value=request_count_dict)
-        except Exception:
-            pass
+    async def async_log_success_event(
+        self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], response_obj: object, start_time: object, end_time: object
+    ) -> None:
+        await self._async_increment(kwargs, -1)
+        if self.test_flag:
+            self.logged_success += 1
 
-    def log_success_event(self, kwargs, response_obj, start_time, end_time):
-        try:
-            if kwargs["litellm_params"].get("metadata") is None:
-                pass
-            else:
-                model_group: Final = kwargs["litellm_params"]["metadata"].get("model_group", None)
-
-                id = kwargs["litellm_params"].get("model_info", {}).get("id", None)
-                if model_group is None or id is None:
-                    return
-                elif isinstance(id, int):
-                    id = str(id)
-
-                request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-                # decrement count in cache
-                request_count_dict: Final = self.router_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-                request_count_value: Final[int | None] = request_count_dict.get(id, 0)
-                if request_count_value is None:
-                    return
-                request_count_dict[id] = request_count_value - 1
-                self.router_cache.set_cache(key=request_count_api_key, value=request_count_dict)
-
-                ### TESTING ###
-                if self.test_flag:
-                    self.logged_success += 1
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-
-    def log_failure_event(self, kwargs, response_obj, start_time, end_time):
-        try:
-            if kwargs["litellm_params"].get("metadata") is None:
-                pass
-            else:
-                model_group: Final = kwargs["litellm_params"]["metadata"].get("model_group", None)
-                id = kwargs["litellm_params"].get("model_info", {}).get("id", None)
-                if model_group is None or id is None:
-                    return
-                elif isinstance(id, int):
-                    id = str(id)
-
-                request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-                # decrement count in cache
-                request_count_dict: Final = self.router_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-                request_count_value: Final[int | None] = request_count_dict.get(id, 0)
-                if request_count_value is None:
-                    return
-                request_count_dict[id] = request_count_value - 1
-                self.router_cache.set_cache(key=request_count_api_key, value=request_count_dict)
-
-                ### TESTING ###
-                if self.test_flag:
-                    self.logged_failure += 1
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-
-    async def async_log_success_event(self, kwargs, response_obj, start_time, end_time):
-        try:
-            if kwargs["litellm_params"].get("metadata") is None:
-                pass
-            else:
-                model_group: Final = kwargs["litellm_params"]["metadata"].get("model_group", None)
-
-                id = kwargs["litellm_params"].get("model_info", {}).get("id", None)
-                if model_group is None or id is None:
-                    return
-                elif isinstance(id, int):
-                    id = str(id)
-
-                request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-                # decrement count in cache
-                request_count_dict: Final = await self.router_cache.async_get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-                request_count_value: Final[int | None] = request_count_dict.get(id, 0)
-                if request_count_value is None:
-                    return
-                request_count_dict[id] = request_count_value - 1
-                await self.router_cache.async_set_cache(key=request_count_api_key, value=request_count_dict)
-
-                ### TESTING ###
-                if self.test_flag:
-                    self.logged_success += 1
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-
-    async def async_log_failure_event(self, kwargs, response_obj, start_time, end_time):
-        try:
-            if kwargs["litellm_params"].get("metadata") is None:
-                pass
-            else:
-                model_group: Final = kwargs["litellm_params"]["metadata"].get("model_group", None)
-                id = kwargs["litellm_params"].get("model_info", {}).get("id", None)
-                if model_group is None or id is None:
-                    return
-                elif isinstance(id, int):
-                    id = str(id)
-
-                request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-                # decrement count in cache
-                request_count_dict: Final = await self.router_cache.async_get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-                request_count_value: Final[int | None] = request_count_dict.get(id, 0)
-                if request_count_value is None:
-                    return
-                request_count_dict[id] = request_count_value - 1
-                await self.router_cache.async_set_cache(key=request_count_api_key, value=request_count_dict)
-
-                ### TESTING ###
-                if self.test_flag:
-                    self.logged_failure += 1
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-
-    def _get_available_deployments(
-        self,
-        healthy_deployments: list,
-        all_deployments: dict,
-    ):
-        """
-        Helper to get deployments using least busy strategy
-        """
-        for d in healthy_deployments:
-            ## if healthy deployment not yet used
-            if d["model_info"]["id"] not in all_deployments:
-                all_deployments[d["model_info"]["id"]] = 0
-        # map deployment to id
-        # pick least busy deployment
-        min_traffic = float("inf")
-        min_deployment = None
-        for k, v in all_deployments.items():
-            if v < min_traffic:
-                min_traffic = v
-                min_deployment = k
-        if min_deployment is not None:
-            ## check if min deployment is a string, if so, cast it to int
-            for m in healthy_deployments:
-                if m["model_info"]["id"] == min_deployment:
-                    return m
-            min_deployment = random.choice(healthy_deployments)
-        else:
-            min_deployment = random.choice(healthy_deployments)
-        return min_deployment
+    async def async_log_failure_event(
+        self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], response_obj: object, start_time: object, end_time: object
+    ) -> None:
+        await self._async_increment(kwargs, -1)
+        if self.test_flag:
+            self.logged_failure += 1
 
     def get_available_deployments(
-        self,
-        model_group: str,
-        healthy_deployments: list,
-    ):
-        """
-        Sync helper to get deployments using least busy strategy
-        """
-        request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-        all_deployments: Final = self.router_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-        return self._get_available_deployments(
-            healthy_deployments=healthy_deployments,
-            all_deployments=all_deployments,
-        )
+        self, model_group: str, healthy_deployments: Sequence[Mapping[str, object]]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, object] | None:
+        keys: Final = _request_count_keys(model_group, healthy_deployments)
+        redis_cache: Final = self.router_cache.redis_cache
+        if redis_cache is not None:
+            try:
+                shared: Final = _as_counts(redis_cache.batch_get_counts(list(keys)))
+            except Exception as e:
+                _warn_unreadable(model_group, e)
+            else:
+                return _least_busy(healthy_deployments, shared)
+        local: Final = _local_counts(self.router_cache.batch_get_cache(list(keys), local_only=True), keys)
+        return _least_busy(healthy_deployments, local)
 
-    async def async_get_available_deployments(self, model_group: str, healthy_deployments: list):
-        """
-        Async helper to get deployments using least busy strategy
-        """
-        request_count_api_key: Final = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-        all_deployments: Final = await self.router_cache.async_get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) or {}
-        return self._get_available_deployments(
-            healthy_deployments=healthy_deployments,
-            all_deployments=all_deployments,
-        )
+    async def async_get_available_deployments(
+        self, model_group: str, healthy_deployments: Sequence[Mapping[str, object]]
+    ) -> Mapping[str, object] | None:
+        keys: Final = _request_count_keys(model_group, healthy_deployments)
+        redis_cache: Final = self.router_cache.redis_cache
+        if redis_cache is not None:
+            try:
+                shared: Final = _as_counts(await redis_cache.async_batch_get_counts(list(keys)))
+            except Exception as e:
+                _warn_unreadable(model_group, e)
+            else:
+                return _least_busy(healthy_deployments, shared)
+        local: Final = _local_counts(await self.router_cache.async_batch_get_cache(list(keys), local_only=True), keys)
+        return _least_busy(healthy_deployments, local)
+
+    def _increment(self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], delta: int) -> None:
+        ref: Final = _deployment_ref(kwargs)
+        if ref is None:
+            return
+        key: Final = _request_count_key(*ref)
+        redis_cache: Final = self.router_cache.redis_cache
+        try:
+            local: Final = self.router_cache.increment_cache(
+                key, delta, local_only=True, ttl=IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS
+            )
+            if local < 0:
+                self.router_cache.set_cache(key, 0, local_only=True, ttl=IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS)
+            if redis_cache is None:
+                return
+            redis_cache.increment_with_floor(key, delta, IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS)
+        except Exception as e:
+            _warn_unwritable(key, e)
+
+    async def _async_increment(self, kwargs: Mapping[str, object], delta: int) -> None:
+        ref: Final = _deployment_ref(kwargs)
+        if ref is None:
+            return
+        key: Final = _request_count_key(*ref)
+        redis_cache: Final = self.router_cache.redis_cache
+        try:
+            local: Final = await self.router_cache.async_increment_cache(
+                key, delta, local_only=True, ttl=IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS
+            )
+            if local is not None and local < 0:
+                await self.router_cache.async_set_cache(key, 0, local_only=True, ttl=IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS)
+            if redis_cache is None:
+                return
+            await redis_cache.async_increment_with_floor(key, delta, IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS)
+        except Exception as e:
+            _warn_unwritable(key, e)
diff --git a/litellm/router_strategy/lowest_latency.py b/litellm/router_strategy/lowest_latency.py
index bb6877a032b..805d4ff9080 100644
--- a/litellm/router_strategy/lowest_latency.py
+++ b/litellm/router_strategy/lowest_latency.py
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ def _average_latency(samples: Sequence[float]) -> float:
     return sum(samples) / len(samples)
 
 
+def _ttft_seconds(elapsed: timedelta | float) -> float:
+    if isinstance(elapsed, timedelta):
+        return elapsed.total_seconds()
+    return float(elapsed)
+
+
 class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
     test_flag: bool = False
     logged_success: int = 0
@@ -86,14 +92,13 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                     # breaks JSON serialization when the router cache syncs to
                     # Redis (issue #33169)
                     response_ms = response_ms.total_seconds()
-                time_to_first_token_response_time = None
+                time_to_first_token: float | None = None
 
                 if kwargs.get("stream", None) is not None and kwargs["stream"] is True:
                     # only log ttft for streaming request
-                    time_to_first_token_response_time = kwargs.get("completion_start_time", end_time) - start_time
+                    time_to_first_token = _ttft_seconds(kwargs.get("completion_start_time", end_time) - start_time)
 
                 final_value: float = response_ms
-                time_to_first_token: float | None = None
                 total_tokens = 0
 
                 if isinstance(response_obj, ModelResponse):
@@ -111,13 +116,6 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                         else:
                             final_value = response_seconds
 
-                        if time_to_first_token_response_time is not None:
-                            if isinstance(time_to_first_token_response_time, timedelta):
-                                ttft_seconds = time_to_first_token_response_time.total_seconds()
-                            else:
-                                ttft_seconds = time_to_first_token_response_time
-                            time_to_first_token = safe_divide_seconds(ttft_seconds, completion_tokens)
-
                 # ------------
                 # Update usage
                 # ------------
@@ -138,14 +136,14 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                 ## Time to first token
                 if time_to_first_token is not None:
                     if (
-                        len(request_count_dict[id].get("time_to_first_token", []))
+                        len(request_count_dict[id].get("time_to_first_token_seconds", []))
                         < self.routing_args.max_latency_list_size
                     ):
-                        request_count_dict[id].setdefault("time_to_first_token", []).append(time_to_first_token)
+                        request_count_dict[id].setdefault("time_to_first_token_seconds", []).append(time_to_first_token)
                     else:
-                        request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token"] = request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token"][
-                            1:
-                        ] + [time_to_first_token]
+                        request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token_seconds"] = request_count_dict[id][
+                            "time_to_first_token_seconds"
+                        ][1:] + [time_to_first_token]
 
                 if precise_minute not in request_count_dict[id]:
                     request_count_dict[id][precise_minute] = {}
@@ -252,7 +250,7 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                     {model_group}_map: {
                         id: {
                             "latency": [..]
-                            "time_to_first_token": [..]
+                            "time_to_first_token_seconds": [..]
                             f"{date:hour:minute}" : {"tpm": 34, "rpm": 3}
                         }
                     }
@@ -273,14 +271,13 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                     # breaks JSON serialization when the router cache syncs to
                     # Redis (issue #33169)
                     response_ms = response_ms.total_seconds()
-                time_to_first_token_response_time = None
+                time_to_first_token: float | None = None
                 if kwargs.get("stream", None) is not None and kwargs["stream"] is True:
                     # only log ttft for streaming request
-                    time_to_first_token_response_time = kwargs.get("completion_start_time", end_time) - start_time
+                    time_to_first_token = _ttft_seconds(kwargs.get("completion_start_time", end_time) - start_time)
 
                 final_value: float = response_ms
                 total_tokens = 0
-                time_to_first_token: float | None = None
 
                 if isinstance(response_obj, ModelResponse):
                     _usage: Final = getattr(response_obj, "usage", None)
@@ -296,13 +293,6 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                             final_value = float(normalized_value)
                         else:
                             final_value = response_seconds
-
-                        if time_to_first_token_response_time is not None:
-                            if isinstance(time_to_first_token_response_time, timedelta):
-                                ttft_seconds = time_to_first_token_response_time.total_seconds()
-                            else:
-                                ttft_seconds = time_to_first_token_response_time
-                            time_to_first_token = safe_divide_seconds(ttft_seconds, completion_tokens)
                 # ------------
                 # Update usage
                 # ------------
@@ -328,14 +318,14 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                 ## Time to first token
                 if time_to_first_token is not None:
                     if (
-                        len(request_count_dict[id].get("time_to_first_token", []))
+                        len(request_count_dict[id].get("time_to_first_token_seconds", []))
                         < self.routing_args.max_latency_list_size
                     ):
-                        request_count_dict[id].setdefault("time_to_first_token", []).append(time_to_first_token)
+                        request_count_dict[id].setdefault("time_to_first_token_seconds", []).append(time_to_first_token)
                     else:
-                        request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token"] = request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token"][
-                            1:
-                        ] + [time_to_first_token]
+                        request_count_dict[id]["time_to_first_token_seconds"] = request_count_dict[id][
+                            "time_to_first_token_seconds"
+                        ][1:] + [time_to_first_token]
 
                 if precise_minute not in request_count_dict[id]:
                     request_count_dict[id][precise_minute] = {}
@@ -433,7 +423,7 @@ class LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(CustomLogger):
                 or float("inf")
             )
             item_latency = item_map.get("latency", [])
-            item_ttft_latency = item_map.get("time_to_first_token", [])
+            item_ttft_latency = item_map.get("time_to_first_token_seconds", [])
             item_rpm = item_map.get(precise_minute, {}).get("rpm", 0)
             item_tpm = item_map.get(precise_minute, {}).get("tpm", 0)
 
diff --git a/litellm/router_utils/cooldown_cache.py b/litellm/router_utils/cooldown_cache.py
index 9e7f457f631..ef29f7d8fd3 100644
--- a/litellm/router_utils/cooldown_cache.py
+++ b/litellm/router_utils/cooldown_cache.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 from litellm import verbose_logger
 from litellm.caching.caching import DualCache
 from litellm.caching.in_memory_cache import InMemoryCache
+from litellm.constants import DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_REDIS_READ_INTERVAL_SECONDS
 from litellm.litellm_core_utils.sensitive_data_masker import SensitiveDataMasker
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -36,10 +37,19 @@ _MAX_CORRECTED_IN_MEMORY_TTL_SECONDS: Final = 60.0
 
 
 class CooldownCache:
-    def __init__(self, cache: DualCache, default_cooldown_time: float):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        cache: DualCache,
+        default_cooldown_time: float,
+        redis_read_interval_seconds: float = DEFAULT_COOLDOWN_REDIS_READ_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+    ):
         self.cache = cache
         self.default_cooldown_time = default_cooldown_time
         self.in_memory_cache = InMemoryCache()
+        self._cooldown_store = DualCache(
+            in_memory_cache=self.in_memory_cache,
+            default_redis_batch_cache_expiry=redis_read_interval_seconds,
+        )
         # Initialize the masker with custom settings for exception strings
         self.exception_masker = SensitiveDataMasker(
             visible_prefix=50,  # Show first 50 characters
@@ -48,6 +58,21 @@ class CooldownCache:
             mask_short_values=False,  # Truncate long messages only; keep short ones readable
         )
 
+    @property
+    def cooldown_store(self) -> DualCache:
+        """
+        The cache cooldown entries live in, with the router's Redis attached on first use.
+
+        It is kept separate from the router-wide cache so that a key missing from memory is
+        re-read from Redis every `redis_read_interval_seconds` rather than on the router
+        cache's much longer batch interval, which is what lets a sibling replica see a
+        cooldown another replica wrote, and so that unrelated router keys cannot evict a
+        cooldown from the in-memory tier before it expires. Redis is attached lazily because
+        the router builds its cooldown cache before it wires up the shared Redis client.
+        """
+        self._cooldown_store.attach_redis_cache(self.cache.redis_cache)
+        return self._cooldown_store
+
     def _common_add_cooldown_logic(
         self, model_id: str, original_exception, exception_status, cooldown_time: float
     ) -> tuple[str, CooldownCacheValue]:
@@ -93,7 +118,7 @@ class CooldownCache:
             )
 
             # Set the cache with a TTL equal to the cooldown time
-            self.cache.set_cache(
+            self.cooldown_store.set_cache(
                 value=cooldown_data,
                 key=cooldown_key,
                 ttl=_cooldown_time,
@@ -122,13 +147,13 @@ class CooldownCache:
         cooldown_cache_value: Final = CooldownCacheValue(**result)  # pyright: ignore[reportUnknownArgumentType] - result comes from an untyped cache read, not from our own code
         remaining: Final = (cooldown_cache_value["timestamp"] + cooldown_cache_value["cooldown_time"]) - current_time
         if remaining <= 0:
-            self.cache.in_memory_cache.delete_cache(key)
+            self.in_memory_cache.delete_cache(key)
             return None
-        current_expiry: Final = self.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        current_expiry: Final = self.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         if current_expiry is not None and current_expiry > current_time + remaining + 5:
             corrected_ttl: Final = min(remaining, _MAX_CORRECTED_IN_MEMORY_TTL_SECONDS)
-            self.cache.in_memory_cache.delete_cache(key)
-            self.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, result, ttl=corrected_ttl)
+            self.in_memory_cache.delete_cache(key)
+            self.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, result, ttl=corrected_ttl)
         return cooldown_cache_value
 
     async def async_get_active_cooldowns(
@@ -137,12 +162,7 @@ class CooldownCache:
         # Generate the keys for the deployments
         keys: Final = [CooldownCache.get_cooldown_cache_key(model_id) for model_id in model_ids]
 
-        # Retrieve the values for the keys using mget
-        ## more likely to be none if no models ratelimited. So just check redis every 1s
-        ## each redis call adds ~100ms latency.
-
-        ## check in memory cache first
-        results: Final = await self.cache.async_batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span)
+        results: Final = await self.cooldown_store.async_batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span)
         active_cooldowns: Final[list[tuple[str, CooldownCacheValue]]] = []
 
         if results is None or all(v is None for v in results):
@@ -164,7 +184,7 @@ class CooldownCache:
         # Generate the keys for the deployments
         keys: Final = [CooldownCache.get_cooldown_cache_key(model_id) for model_id in model_ids]
         # Retrieve the values for the keys using mget
-        results: Final = self.cache.batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span) or []
+        results: Final = self.cooldown_store.batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span) or []
 
         active_cooldowns: Final = []
         current_time: Final = time.time()
@@ -184,7 +204,7 @@ class CooldownCache:
         keys: Final = [f"deployment:{model_id}:cooldown" for model_id in model_ids]
 
         # Retrieve the values for the keys using mget
-        results: Final = self.cache.batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span) or []
+        results: Final = self.cooldown_store.batch_get_cache(keys=keys, parent_otel_span=parent_otel_span) or []
 
         min_cooldown_time: float | None = None
         # Process the results
diff --git a/litellm/utils.py b/litellm/utils.py
index d0e11bc9551..141ec323776 100644
--- a/litellm/utils.py
+++ b/litellm/utils.py
@@ -672,11 +672,19 @@ def load_credentials_from_list(kwargs: dict):
     CredentialAccessor: Final = getattr(sys.modules[__name__], "CredentialAccessor")
 
     credential_name: Final = kwargs.get("litellm_credential_name")
-    if credential_name and litellm.credential_list:
-        credential_accessor: Final[Mapping[str, object]] = CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values(credential_name)
-        for key, value in credential_accessor.items():
-            if key not in kwargs:
-                kwargs[key] = value
+    if not credential_name:
+        return
+    credential: Final = CredentialAccessor.find_credential(credential_name)
+    if credential is None:
+        verbose_logger.warning(
+            "litellm_credential_name=%s matched none of the %d loaded credentials; the request runs without it",
+            credential_name,
+            len(litellm.credential_list),
+        )
+        return
+    for key, value in credential.credential_values.items():
+        if key not in kwargs:
+            kwargs[key] = value
 
 
 def get_dynamic_callbacks(
diff --git a/ruff-strict-budget.json b/ruff-strict-budget.json
index fd7b30bc314..d63a69de76f 100644
--- a/ruff-strict-budget.json
+++ b/ruff-strict-budget.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "ANN001": {
-    "limit": 2956
+    "limit": 2918
   },
   "ANN002": {
     "limit": 71
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
     "limit": 806
   },
   "ANN201": {
-    "limit": 1979
+    "limit": 1965
   },
   "ANN202": {
-    "limit": 831
+    "limit": 829
   },
   "ANN204": {
     "limit": 683
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
     "limit": 3
   },
   "BLE001": {
-    "limit": 2916
+    "limit": 2914
   },
   "C401": {
     "limit": 8
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
     "limit": 0
   },
   "S110": {
-    "limit": 217
+    "limit": 207
   },
   "S112": {
     "limit": 22
diff --git a/tests/local_testing/test_least_busy_routing.py b/tests/local_testing/test_least_busy_routing.py
index 18ab8bf779d..fb83d4e601f 100644
--- a/tests/local_testing/test_least_busy_routing.py
+++ b/tests/local_testing/test_least_busy_routing.py
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ def test_model_added():
         }
     }
     least_busy_logger.log_pre_api_call(model="test", messages=[], kwargs=kwargs)
-    request_count_api_key = f"gpt-3.5-turbo_request_count"
-    assert test_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) is not None
+    request_count_api_key = "gpt-3.5-turbo_request_count:1234"
+    assert test_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) == 1
 
 
 def test_get_available_deployments():
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ def test_get_available_deployments():
         }
     }
     least_busy_logger.log_pre_api_call(model="test", messages=[], kwargs=kwargs)
-    request_count_api_key = f"{model_group}_request_count"
-    assert test_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) is not None
+    request_count_api_key = f"{model_group}_request_count:1234"
+    assert test_cache.get_cache(key=request_count_api_key) == 1
 
 
 # test_get_available_deployments()
@@ -104,15 +104,20 @@ async def test_router_get_available_deployments(async_test):
     router.leastbusy_logger.test_flag = True
 
     model_group = "azure-model"
-    request_count_dict = {1: 10, 2: 54, 3: 100}
-    cache_key = f"{model_group}_request_count"
+    request_count_dict = {"1": 10, "2": 54, "3": 100}
+    cache_keys = {
+        deployment_id: f"{model_group}_request_count:{deployment_id}"
+        for deployment_id in request_count_dict
+    }
     if async_test is True:
-        await router.cache.async_set_cache(key=cache_key, value=request_count_dict)
+        for deployment_id, count in request_count_dict.items():
+            await router.cache.async_set_cache(key=cache_keys[deployment_id], value=count)
         deployment = await router.async_get_available_deployment(
             model=model_group, messages=None, request_kwargs={}
         )
     else:
-        router.cache.set_cache(key=cache_key, value=request_count_dict)
+        for deployment_id, count in request_count_dict.items():
+            router.cache.set_cache(key=cache_keys[deployment_id], value=count)
         deployment = router.get_available_deployment(model=model_group, messages=None)
     print(f"deployment: {deployment}")
     assert deployment["model_info"]["id"] == "1"
@@ -124,15 +129,18 @@ async def test_router_get_available_deployments(async_test):
         messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "Hey, how's it going?"}],
     )
 
-    return_dict = router.cache.get_cache(key=cache_key)
-
     # wait 2 seconds
     time.sleep(2)
 
+    return_dict = {
+        deployment_id: router.cache.get_cache(key=cache_key)
+        for deployment_id, cache_key in cache_keys.items()
+    }
+
     assert router.leastbusy_logger.logged_success == 1
-    assert return_dict[1] == 10
-    assert return_dict[2] == 54
-    assert return_dict[3] == 100
+    assert return_dict["1"] == 10
+    assert return_dict["2"] == 54
+    assert return_dict["3"] == 100
 
 
 ## Test with Real calls ##
@@ -192,9 +200,11 @@ async def test_router_atext_completion_streaming():
     await asyncio.sleep(random.uniform(0, 2))
     await router.atext_completion(model=model, prompt=prompt, stream=True)
 
-    cache_key = f"{model}_request_count"
     ## check if calls equally distributed
-    cache_dict = router.cache.get_cache(key=cache_key)
+    cache_dict = {
+        deployment_id: router.cache.get_cache(key=f"{model}_request_count:{deployment_id}")
+        for deployment_id in ("1", "2", "3")
+    }
     for k, v in cache_dict.items():
         assert v == 1, f"Failed. K={k} called v={v} times, cache_dict={cache_dict}"
 
@@ -259,8 +269,10 @@ async def test_router_completion_streaming():
     await asyncio.sleep(random.uniform(0, 2))
     await router.acompletion(model=model, messages=messages, stream=True)
 
-    cache_key = f"{model}_request_count"
     ## check if calls equally distributed
-    cache_dict = router.cache.get_cache(key=cache_key)
+    cache_dict = {
+        deployment_id: router.cache.get_cache(key=f"{model}_request_count:{deployment_id}")
+        for deployment_id in ("1", "2", "3")
+    }
     for k, v in cache_dict.items():
         assert v == 1, f"Failed. K={k} called v={v} times, cache_dict={cache_dict}"
diff --git a/tests/local_testing/test_lowest_latency_routing.py b/tests/local_testing/test_lowest_latency_routing.py
index 598b1dbcaf9..aba4500199a 100644
--- a/tests/local_testing/test_lowest_latency_routing.py
+++ b/tests/local_testing/test_lowest_latency_routing.py
@@ -1077,73 +1077,6 @@ async def test_latency_list_trimming_discards_oldest_entry_async():
         ), f"Oldest latency {oldest_latency} should have been discarded"
 
 
-def test_ttft_list_trimming_discards_oldest_entry():
-    """
-    The time_to_first_token list trims the oldest entry when full, matching
-    the behavior of the latency list.
-    """
-    max_size = 3
-    test_cache = DualCache()
-    lowest_latency_logger = LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(
-        router_cache=test_cache, routing_args={"max_latency_list_size": max_size}
-    )
-
-    model_group = "gpt-3.5-turbo"
-    deployment_id = "test-deployment"
-
-    ttft_values = []
-    for i in range(max_size + 1):
-        start_time = time.time()
-        expected_ttft = float(i + 1) * 0.1  # 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4
-        completion_start_time = start_time + expected_ttft
-        end_time = start_time + float(i + 1)
-        ttft_values.append(expected_ttft)
-
-        kwargs = {
-            "litellm_params": {
-                "metadata": {
-                    "model_group": model_group,
-                    "deployment": "azure/gpt-4.1-mini",
-                },
-                "model_info": {"id": deployment_id},
-            },
-            "stream": True,
-            "completion_start_time": completion_start_time,
-        }
-        # TTFT is only recorded when response_obj is a ModelResponse.
-        response_obj = litellm.ModelResponse(
-            usage=litellm.Usage(completion_tokens=1, total_tokens=1)
-        )
-
-        lowest_latency_logger.log_success_event(
-            response_obj=response_obj,
-            kwargs=kwargs,
-            start_time=start_time,
-            end_time=end_time,
-        )
-
-    latency_key = f"{model_group}_map"
-    cached_data = test_cache.get_cache(key=latency_key)
-    ttft_list = cached_data[deployment_id].get("time_to_first_token", [])
-
-    assert (
-        len(ttft_list) == max_size
-    ), f"Expected {max_size} entries, got {len(ttft_list)}"
-
-    newest_ttft = ttft_values[-1]
-    oldest_ttft = ttft_values[0]
-    tolerance = 0.05
-
-    assert (
-        abs(ttft_list[-1] - newest_ttft) < tolerance
-    ), f"Newest TTFT {newest_ttft} should be at end of list"
-
-    for ttft in ttft_list:
-        assert (
-            abs(ttft - oldest_ttft) > tolerance
-        ), f"Oldest TTFT {oldest_ttft} should have been discarded"
-
-
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_timeout_penalty_discards_oldest_entry():
     """
@@ -1269,72 +1202,3 @@ def test_list_order_preserved_after_multiple_trims():
         assert (
             abs(latency_list[i] - expected) < tolerance
         ), f"At index {i}, expected ~{expected}, got {latency_list[i]}"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_ttft_list_trimming_discards_oldest_entry_async():
-    """
-    Async counterpart: the time_to_first_token list trims the oldest entry
-    when full. Exercises the async_log_success_event TTFT path, which only
-    runs when response_obj is a ModelResponse and the call is marked as
-    streaming with a completion_start_time.
-    """
-    max_size = 3
-    test_cache = DualCache()
-    lowest_latency_logger = LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(
-        router_cache=test_cache, routing_args={"max_latency_list_size": max_size}
-    )
-
-    model_group = "gpt-3.5-turbo"
-    deployment_id = "test-deployment"
-
-    ttft_values = []
-    for i in range(max_size + 1):
-        start_time = time.time()
-        expected_ttft = float(i + 1) * 0.1  # 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4
-        completion_start_time = start_time + expected_ttft
-        end_time = start_time + float(i + 1)
-        ttft_values.append(expected_ttft)
-
-        kwargs = {
-            "litellm_params": {
-                "metadata": {
-                    "model_group": model_group,
-                    "deployment": "azure/gpt-4.1-mini",
-                },
-                "model_info": {"id": deployment_id},
-            },
-            "stream": True,
-            "completion_start_time": completion_start_time,
-        }
-        response_obj = litellm.ModelResponse(
-            usage=litellm.Usage(completion_tokens=1, total_tokens=1)
-        )
-
-        await lowest_latency_logger.async_log_success_event(
-            response_obj=response_obj,
-            kwargs=kwargs,
-            start_time=start_time,
-            end_time=end_time,
-        )
-
-    latency_key = f"{model_group}_map"
-    cached_data = await test_cache.async_get_cache(key=latency_key)
-    ttft_list = cached_data[deployment_id].get("time_to_first_token", [])
-
-    assert (
-        len(ttft_list) == max_size
-    ), f"Expected {max_size} entries, got {len(ttft_list)}"
-
-    newest_ttft = ttft_values[-1]
-    oldest_ttft = ttft_values[0]
-    tolerance = 0.05
-
-    assert (
-        abs(ttft_list[-1] - newest_ttft) < tolerance
-    ), f"Newest TTFT {newest_ttft} should be at end of list"
-
-    for ttft in ttft_list:
-        assert (
-            abs(ttft - oldest_ttft) > tolerance
-        ), f"Oldest TTFT {oldest_ttft} should have been discarded"
diff --git a/tests/local_testing/test_redis_increment_with_floor.py b/tests/local_testing/test_redis_increment_with_floor.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e358d5f31e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/local_testing/test_redis_increment_with_floor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""Least-busy routing keeps its in-flight counters in Redis, and the clamp at zero plus the
+create-once TTL both live inside a Lua script. Nothing but a real Redis runs that script, so
+these are the only tests that fail when the script itself is wrong."""
+
+import os
+import uuid
+from typing import Final
+
+import pytest
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+load_dotenv()
+
+from litellm.caching.redis_cache import RedisCache
+
+TTL: Final = 600
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def counter():
+    cache: Final = RedisCache(host=os.getenv("REDIS_HOST"), port=os.getenv("REDIS_PORT"))
+    key: Final = f"lit7039-{uuid.uuid4()}"
+    yield cache, key, cache.check_and_fix_namespace(key=key)
+    cache.delete_cache(key)
+
+
+def test_a_counter_adds_every_increment_and_reads_back_what_it_holds(counter):
+    cache, key, _ = counter
+
+    assert cache.increment_with_floor(key, 3, TTL) == 3
+    assert cache.increment_with_floor(key, 2, TTL) == 5
+    assert cache.batch_get_counts([key]) == (5,)
+
+
+def test_a_decrement_past_zero_leaves_the_counter_at_zero(counter):
+    """A worker whose counter expired mid-request decrements a key that is no longer there.
+    Without the clamp that deployment reads negative, and least-busy pins every later request
+    on it until the count climbs back to zero."""
+    cache, key, _ = counter
+
+    assert cache.increment_with_floor(key, 1, TTL) == 1
+    assert cache.increment_with_floor(key, -5, TTL) == 0
+    assert cache.batch_get_counts([key]) == (0,)
+
+
+def test_traffic_never_pushes_a_counters_expiry_back_out(counter):
+    """The TTL is what releases a count whose worker died mid-request. Rewriting it on every
+    touch would keep that stuck count alive for as long as the group takes traffic."""
+    cache, key, namespaced_key = counter
+
+    cache.increment_with_floor(key, 1, TTL)
+    assert cache.redis_client.ttl(namespaced_key) > TTL - 60
+
+    cache.redis_client.expire(namespaced_key, 30)
+    cache.increment_with_floor(key, 1, TTL)
+
+    assert cache.redis_client.ttl(namespaced_key) <= 30
+
+
+def test_clamping_to_zero_keeps_the_expiry_it_already_had(counter):
+    cache, key, namespaced_key = counter
+
+    cache.increment_with_floor(key, 1, TTL)
+    cache.redis_client.expire(namespaced_key, 30)
+
+    assert cache.increment_with_floor(key, -5, TTL) == 0
+    assert cache.redis_client.ttl(namespaced_key) <= 30
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_the_async_counter_behaves_the_same_way(counter):
+    cache, key, namespaced_key = counter
+
+    assert await cache.async_increment_with_floor(key, 2, TTL) == 2
+    assert await cache.async_batch_get_counts([key]) == (2,)
+
+    cache.redis_client.expire(namespaced_key, 30)
+
+    assert await cache.async_increment_with_floor(key, -9, TTL) == 0
+    assert cache.redis_client.ttl(namespaced_key) <= 30
diff --git a/tests/proxy_migration_tests/test_invalid_index_repair.py b/tests/proxy_migration_tests/test_invalid_index_repair.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..741fa7386df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/proxy_migration_tests/test_invalid_index_repair.py
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+import os
+import threading
+import uuid
+from collections.abc import Iterator, Mapping
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import Final
+
+import pytest
+from litellm_proxy_extras.utils import INDEX_REPAIR_ADVISORY_LOCK_KEY, ProxyExtrasDBManager
+
+psycopg = pytest.importorskip("psycopg")
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.timeout(120)
+
+requires_db: Final = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    "DATABASE_URL" not in os.environ,
+    reason="requires a postgres database (DATABASE_URL)",
+)
+
+HEALTH_TABLE: Final = "LiteLLM_HealthCheckTable"
+HEALTH_INDEX: Final = "LiteLLM_HealthCheckTable_model_id_model_name_checked_at_idx"
+HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS: Final = '"model_id", "model_name", "checked_at" DESC'
+LOOKALIKE_TABLE: Final = "LiteLLMLookalikeTable"
+LOOKALIKE_INDEX: Final = "LiteLLMLookalikeTable_id_idx"
+PARTITIONED_TABLE: Final = "LiteLLM_PartitionedTable"
+PARTITIONED_INDEX: Final = "LiteLLM_PartitionedTable_id_idx"
+
+
+def _base_url() -> str:
+    return os.environ["DATABASE_URL"].split("?")[0]
+
+
+def _index_validity(schema: str) -> Mapping[str, bool]:
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        rows = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT c.relname, i.indisvalid FROM pg_index i "
+            "JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = i.indexrelid "
+            "JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace "
+            "WHERE n.nspname = %s",
+            (schema,),
+        ).fetchall()
+    return MappingProxyType(dict(rows))
+
+
+def _interrupt_concurrent_build(schema: str, table: str, statement: str) -> None:
+    """Abort a CONCURRENTLY build while it waits on an older snapshot, the same
+    spot the deadlock loser dies at, so it leaves its index INVALID."""
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url()) as pin:
+        pin.isolation_level = psycopg.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ
+        pin.execute(f'SELECT count(*) FROM "{schema}"."{table}"')
+        with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as builder:
+            builder.execute("SET statement_timeout = '1s'")
+            with pytest.raises(psycopg.errors.QueryCanceled):
+                builder.execute(statement)
+
+
+def _leave_invalid_index(schema: str, table: str, index: str, columns: str) -> None:
+    _interrupt_concurrent_build(
+        schema, table, f'CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY "{index}" ON "{schema}"."{table}" ({columns})'
+    )
+
+
+def _leave_invalid_reindex_leftover(schema: str, table: str, index: str) -> None:
+    _interrupt_concurrent_build(schema, table, f'REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY "{schema}"."{index}"')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def scratch_schema(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> Iterator[str]:
+    schema: Final = f"invalid_index_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE SCHEMA "{schema}"')
+        conn.execute(
+            f'CREATE TABLE "{schema}"."{HEALTH_TABLE}" (model_id TEXT, model_name TEXT, checked_at TIMESTAMPTZ)'
+        )
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE TABLE "{schema}"."{LOOKALIKE_TABLE}" (id TEXT)')
+
+    monkeypatch.delenv("DIRECT_URL", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", f"{_base_url()}?schema={schema}")
+    yield schema
+
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'DROP SCHEMA "{schema}" CASCADE')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fresh_database(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """A brand-new database, what a first deploy sees. A scratch schema would
+    not do: the migrations guard on pg_constraint by name across every schema,
+    so a LiteLLM schema already pushed into public makes them skip and then
+    fail, which is exactly what CI's database looks like."""
+    admin_url: Final = _base_url()
+    name: Final = f"invalid_index_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+    with psycopg.connect(admin_url, autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE DATABASE "{name}"')
+
+    monkeypatch.delenv("DIRECT_URL", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", f"{admin_url.rsplit('/', 1)[0]}/{name}")
+    yield "public"
+
+    with psycopg.connect(admin_url, autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'DROP DATABASE "{name}" WITH (FORCE)')
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_rebuilds_invalid_litellm_indexes_and_leaves_lookalike_tables_alone(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, LOOKALIKE_TABLE, LOOKALIKE_INDEX, "id")
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: False, LOOKALIKE_INDEX: False}
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True, LOOKALIKE_INDEX: False}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_drops_leftovers_of_interrupted_rebuilds(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+    _leave_invalid_reindex_leftover(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX)
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, f"{HEALTH_TABLE}_model_id_idx_ccold", '"model_id"')
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, f"{HEALTH_TABLE}_model_id_idx_ccnew1", '"model_id"')
+    before: Final = _index_validity(scratch_schema)
+    assert len(before) == 4
+    assert set(before.values()) == {False}
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_is_a_no_op_when_every_index_is_valid(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE INDEX "{HEALTH_INDEX}" ON "{scratch_schema}"."{HEALTH_TABLE}" ({HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS})')
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_leaves_partitioned_parent_indexes_alone(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE TABLE "{scratch_schema}"."{PARTITIONED_TABLE}" (id INT) PARTITION BY RANGE (id)')
+        conn.execute(
+            f'CREATE TABLE "{scratch_schema}"."{PARTITIONED_TABLE}_p0" '
+            f'PARTITION OF "{scratch_schema}"."{PARTITIONED_TABLE}" FOR VALUES FROM (0) TO (10)'
+        )
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE INDEX "{PARTITIONED_INDEX}" ON ONLY "{scratch_schema}"."{PARTITIONED_TABLE}" (id)')
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {PARTITIONED_INDEX: False}
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {PARTITIONED_INDEX: False}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_yields_to_the_replica_holding_the_repair_lock(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as other_replica:
+        other_replica.execute("SELECT pg_advisory_lock(%s)", (INDEX_REPAIR_ADVISORY_LOCK_KEY,))
+        assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is False
+        assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: False}
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_gives_up_on_a_blocked_rebuild_and_finishes_it_on_the_next_startup(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url()) as pin:
+        pin.isolation_level = psycopg.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ
+        pin.execute(f'SELECT count(*) FROM "{scratch_schema}"."{HEALTH_TABLE}"')
+        assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes(lock_timeout="1s") is False
+        blocked: Final = _index_validity(scratch_schema)
+        assert blocked[HEALTH_INDEX] is False
+        assert [name for name in blocked if name.endswith("_ccnew")]
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+def _hold_snapshot(schema: str, table: str, pinned: threading.Event, seconds: float) -> None:
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url()) as pin:
+        pin.isolation_level = psycopg.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ
+        pin.execute(f'SELECT count(*) FROM "{schema}"."{table}"')
+        pinned.set()
+        pin.execute("SELECT pg_sleep(%s)", (seconds,))
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_outlives_a_statement_timeout_passed_through_database_url_options(
+    scratch_schema: str, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", f"{_base_url()}?schema={scratch_schema}&options=-c%20statement_timeout%3D2000")
+    pinned: Final = threading.Event()
+    holder: Final = threading.Thread(target=_hold_snapshot, args=(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, pinned, 5.0))
+    holder.start()
+    pinned.wait()
+    try:
+        assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+    finally:
+        holder.join()
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_defaults_to_the_public_schema(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    table: Final = f"LiteLLM_ScratchTable_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+    index: Final = f"{table}_id_idx"
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", _base_url())
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'CREATE TABLE public."{table}" (id TEXT)')
+    try:
+        _leave_invalid_index("public", table, index, "id")
+        assert _index_validity("public")[index] is False
+
+        assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+        assert _index_validity("public")[index] is True
+    finally:
+        with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+            conn.execute(f'DROP TABLE public."{table}"')
+
+
+def test_repair_survives_an_unreachable_database(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.delenv("DIRECT_URL", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", "postgresql://u:p@127.0.0.1:9/x?schema=whatever")
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is False
+
+
+@requires_db
+def test_repair_connects_over_direct_url_but_looks_in_the_schema_database_url_names(scratch_schema: str) -> None:
+    _leave_invalid_index(scratch_schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+    with pytest.MonkeyPatch.context() as env:
+        env.setenv("DIRECT_URL", f"{_base_url()}?schema=public")
+        env.setenv("DATABASE_URL", f"postgresql://u:p@127.0.0.1:9/x?schema={scratch_schema}")
+        assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.repair_invalid_indexes() is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(scratch_schema) == {HEALTH_INDEX: True}
+
+
+def _invalidate_deployed_index(schema: str) -> None:
+    with psycopg.connect(_base_url(), autocommit=True) as conn:
+        conn.execute(f'DROP INDEX "{schema}"."{HEALTH_INDEX}"')
+    _leave_invalid_index(schema, HEALTH_TABLE, HEALTH_INDEX, HEALTH_INDEX_COLUMNS)
+
+
+@requires_db
+@pytest.mark.timeout(300)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_v2_resolver", [True, False])
+def test_setup_database_repairs_the_index_after_a_recovered_deploy(fresh_database: str, use_v2_resolver: bool) -> None:
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.setup_database(use_migrate=True, use_v2_resolver=use_v2_resolver) is True
+    _invalidate_deployed_index(fresh_database)
+    assert _index_validity(fresh_database)[HEALTH_INDEX] is False
+
+    assert ProxyExtrasDBManager.setup_database(use_migrate=True, use_v2_resolver=use_v2_resolver) is True
+
+    assert _index_validity(fresh_database)[HEALTH_INDEX] is True
diff --git a/tests/router_unit_tests/test_router_cooldown_per_deployment.py b/tests/router_unit_tests/test_router_cooldown_per_deployment.py
index b8ae8a8c013..228dfed38b9 100644
--- a/tests/router_unit_tests/test_router_cooldown_per_deployment.py
+++ b/tests/router_unit_tests/test_router_cooldown_per_deployment.py
@@ -246,12 +246,12 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - 120.0,
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
 
         active = cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
         assert active == [], "Expired cooldown entry must not appear in active cooldowns"
-        assert cc.cache.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None, "Expired entry must be evicted from in-memory cache"
+        assert cc.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None, "Expired entry must be evicted from in-memory cache"
 
     def test_active_entry_is_returned(self):
         """
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time(),
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
 
         active = cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
@@ -290,14 +290,14 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - (60.0 - remaining),
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, value, ttl=600)
 
-        before_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        before_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert before_expiry is not None
 
         cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
-        after_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        after_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert after_expiry is not None
         corrected_remaining = after_expiry - time.time()
         assert corrected_remaining <= 60.0, "Corrected TTL must not exceed 60s"
@@ -318,12 +318,12 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - 120.0,
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
 
         active = await cc.async_get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
         assert active == [], "Expired entry must not appear in async active cooldowns"
-        assert cc.cache.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
+        assert cc.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
 
 
 class TestFallbackDeploymentCooldown:
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/caching/test_redis_cache.py b/tests/test_litellm/caching/test_redis_cache.py
index 2f412e7382b..6b2df118611 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/caching/test_redis_cache.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/caching/test_redis_cache.py
@@ -525,6 +525,50 @@ def test_circuit_breaker_open_keeps_sync_batch_get_cache_as_a_miss(sync_batch_re
     assert sync_batch_redis_cache.batch_get_cache(key_list=["lit6729"]) == {}
 
 
+def test_batch_get_counts_raises_where_batch_get_cache_reports_a_miss(sync_batch_redis_cache):
+    """A caller that must fall back when Redis is unreachable needs the failure, not zeros.
+
+    The batch read answers a dead Redis with an empty dict, which a counting caller cannot tell
+    apart from "every counter is unset". Least-busy routing read that as an idle deployment and
+    kept sending traffic to it instead of falling back to this worker's own in-flight counts.
+    """
+    assert sync_batch_redis_cache.batch_get_cache(key_list=["lit7039"]) == {}
+
+    with pytest.raises(OSError, match="redis unavailable"):
+        sync_batch_redis_cache.batch_get_counts(["lit7039"])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_batch_get_counts_raises_where_async_batch_get_cache_reports_a_miss(redis_no_ping: None):
+    """Async twin: the async batch read hides the same failure behind an empty dict."""
+    failing_client = AsyncMock()
+    failing_client.mget.side_effect = OSError("redis unavailable")
+    with patch(  # test-quality-ok: RedisCache.__init__ builds its client eagerly, with no injection point
+        "litellm._redis.get_redis_client", return_value=MagicMock()
+    ):
+        cache = RedisCache(host="127.0.0.1", port=6379)
+
+    with patch.object(cache, "init_async_client", return_value=failing_client):
+        assert await cache.async_batch_get_cache(key_list=["lit7039"]) == {}
+
+        with pytest.raises(OSError, match="redis unavailable"):
+            await cache.async_batch_get_counts(["lit7039"])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("stored", [b"3", "3"])
+def test_batch_get_counts_reads_counters_in_order_and_keeps_unset_keys_apart(stored, redis_no_ping: None):
+    """Counters come back positionally, so an unset key has to stay a hole rather than shift the
+    rest of the row onto the wrong deployments, and a count has to survive whether the client
+    hands it back as bytes or as text."""
+    with patch(  # test-quality-ok: RedisCache.__init__ builds its client eagerly, with no injection point
+        "litellm._redis.get_redis_client", return_value=MagicMock()
+    ):
+        cache = RedisCache(host="127.0.0.1", port=6379)
+    cache.redis_client.mget.return_value = [stored, None, b"0"]
+
+    assert cache.batch_get_counts(["dep-a", "dep-b", "dep-c"]) == (3, None, 0)
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def sync_batch_cache_with_service_logger(redis_no_ping: None) -> Iterator[tuple[RedisCache, ServiceLogging]]:
     service_logger = ServiceLogging(mock_testing=True)
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/enterprise/enterprise_callbacks/test_secret_detection.py b/tests/test_litellm/enterprise/enterprise_callbacks/test_secret_detection.py
index f46df5baadf..c1c3569c0e2 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/enterprise/enterprise_callbacks/test_secret_detection.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/enterprise/enterprise_callbacks/test_secret_detection.py
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ def test_proxied_traffic_stays_on_native_hooks():
     never sees ``data["prompt"]``."""
     guardrail = _guardrail()
     assert guardrail.uses_apply_guardrail_interface() is True
-    assert guardrail._deployment_pre_call_target() is guardrail
+    assert guardrail._deployment_hook_target() is guardrail
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/integrations/test_custom_guardrail.py b/tests/test_litellm/integrations/test_custom_guardrail.py
index 885bd1d4d72..359635335b3 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/integrations/test_custom_guardrail.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/integrations/test_custom_guardrail.py
@@ -2610,3 +2610,36 @@ class TestCustomGuardrailPostCallSuccessDeploymentHook:
         )
 
         assert result is replacement
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_apply_guardrail_interface_modifies_deployment_response(self):
+        from litellm.types.guardrails import GuardrailEventHooks
+        from litellm.types.utils import ModelResponse
+
+        class ReplacingGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
+            async def apply_guardrail(
+                self,
+                inputs: GenericGuardrailAPIInputs,
+                request_data: dict[str, object],
+                input_type: Literal["request", "response"],
+                logging_obj: Optional["LiteLLMLoggingObj"] = None,
+            ) -> GenericGuardrailAPIInputs:
+                assert input_type == "response"
+                return {**inputs, "texts": ["filtered response"]}
+
+        guardrail = ReplacingGuardrail(
+            guardrail_name="test-guardrail",
+            event_hook=GuardrailEventHooks.post_call,
+        )
+        response = ModelResponse(choices=[{"message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "original response"}}])
+        request_data = {"guardrails": ["test-guardrail"]}
+
+        result = await guardrail.async_post_call_success_deployment_hook(
+            request_data=request_data,
+            response=response,
+            call_type=CallTypes.acompletion,
+        )
+
+        assert result is response
+        assert response.choices[0].message.content == "filtered response"
+        assert request_data == {"guardrails": ["test-guardrail"]}
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/llms/custom_httpx/test_llm_http_handler.py b/tests/test_litellm/llms/custom_httpx/test_llm_http_handler.py
index e16855da8cb..98a5f4b2db5 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/llms/custom_httpx/test_llm_http_handler.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/llms/custom_httpx/test_llm_http_handler.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ from litellm.llms.custom_httpx.llm_http_handler import (
     _rust_responses_websocket_enabled,
 )
 from litellm.llms.azure.videos.transformation import AzureVideoConfig
+from litellm.llms.mistral.ocr.transformation import MistralOCRConfig
 from litellm.llms.openai.videos.transformation import OpenAIVideoConfig
 from litellm.types.llms.openai import ResponsesAPIResponse
 from litellm.types.router import GenericLiteLLMParams
@@ -37,6 +38,69 @@ from litellm.types.utils import ImageObject, ImageResponse, ModelResponse, Trans
 _ACTIVE_KEY = "_code_interpreter_interception_active"
 _SANDBOX_KEY = "_code_interpreter_interception_sandbox_key"
 
+OCR_RESPONSE = {
+    "pages": [{"index": 0, "markdown": "OCR output", "images": []}],
+    "model": "mistral-ocr-latest",
+    "usage_info": {"pages_processed": 1},
+}
+
+
+def _ocr_sync_client() -> HTTPHandler:
+    client = HTTPHandler()
+    client.client = httpx.Client(transport=httpx.MockTransport(lambda _request: httpx.Response(200, json=OCR_RESPONSE)))
+    return client
+
+
+def _ocr_async_client() -> AsyncHTTPHandler:
+    client = AsyncHTTPHandler()
+    client.client = httpx.AsyncClient(
+        transport=httpx.MockTransport(lambda _request: httpx.Response(200, json=OCR_RESPONSE))
+    )
+    return client
+
+
+def test_ocr_calls_post_call_with_raw_provider_response():
+    logging_obj = Mock()
+
+    response = BaseLLMHTTPHandler().ocr(
+        model="mistral-ocr-latest",
+        document={"type": "document_url", "document_url": "https://example.com/document.pdf"},
+        optional_params={},
+        timeout=5,
+        logging_obj=logging_obj,
+        api_key="test-key",
+        api_base="https://api.mistral.ai/v1/ocr",
+        custom_llm_provider="mistral",
+        client=_ocr_sync_client(),
+        provider_config=MistralOCRConfig(),
+    )
+
+    assert response.pages[0].markdown == "OCR output"
+    logging_obj.post_call.assert_called_once()
+    assert json.loads(logging_obj.post_call.call_args.kwargs["original_response"]) == OCR_RESPONSE
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_async_ocr_calls_post_call_with_raw_provider_response():
+    logging_obj = Mock()
+
+    response = await BaseLLMHTTPHandler().async_ocr(
+        model="mistral-ocr-latest",
+        document={"type": "document_url", "document_url": "https://example.com/document.pdf"},
+        optional_params={},
+        timeout=5,
+        logging_obj=logging_obj,
+        api_key="test-key",
+        api_base="https://api.mistral.ai/v1/ocr",
+        custom_llm_provider="mistral",
+        client=_ocr_async_client(),
+        provider_config=MistralOCRConfig(),
+    )
+
+    assert response.pages[0].markdown == "OCR output"
+    logging_obj.post_call.assert_called_once()
+    assert json.loads(logging_obj.post_call.call_args.kwargs["original_response"]) == OCR_RESPONSE
+
 
 def test_prepare_fake_stream_request():
     # Initialize the BaseLLMHTTPHandler
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_config_sync_pubsub.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_config_sync_pubsub.py
index 3bb3f75b9b8..2a0ebf9492a 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_config_sync_pubsub.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_config_sync_pubsub.py
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ class _StopFailingSubscriber(ConfigSyncSubscriber):
         raise RuntimeError("stop failed")
 
 
-async def test_proxy_config_subscriber_resyncs_deployments_and_credentials() -> None:
+async def test_proxy_config_subscriber_resyncs_deployments_only() -> None:
     from litellm.proxy.proxy_server import ProxyConfig
 
     cache = _FakeRedisCache(_ScriptedPubSubRedisClient([_QueuePubSub()]))
@@ -852,10 +852,7 @@ async def test_proxy_config_subscriber_resyncs_deployments_and_credentials() ->
         await callback()
     await config.stop_config_sync_subscriber()
 
-    assert calls == [
-        ("add_deployment", prisma_client, proxy_logging_obj),
-        ("get_credentials", prisma_client, None),
-    ]
+    assert calls == [("add_deployment", prisma_client, proxy_logging_obj)]
     assert config.config_sync_subscriber is None
     assert subscriber._task is None
 
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_registry_read_through.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_registry_read_through.py
index f0fbdea4e85..6f7c20166c5 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_registry_read_through.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_registry_read_through.py
@@ -393,6 +393,51 @@ async def test_resync_model_deployments_mutates_router_under_model_reconcile_loc
     assert not proxy_server.MODEL_RECONCILE_LOCK.locked()
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_resync_model_deployments_loads_db_credentials_before_reconciling_models(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+
+    import litellm
+    import litellm.proxy.proxy_server as proxy_server
+    from litellm.litellm_core_utils.credential_accessor import CredentialAccessor
+    from litellm.proxy.common_utils.registry_read_through import _resync_model_deployments
+    from litellm.types.utils import CredentialItem
+
+    rows: Final = [MagicMock()]
+    prisma_client: Final = MagicMock()
+    prisma_client.db.litellm_proxymodeltable.find_many = AsyncMock(return_value=rows)
+    router: Final = MagicMock()
+    router.get_model_list.return_value = []
+    installed: Final = MagicMock()
+
+    async def load_credentials_from_db(prisma_client: object) -> None:
+        CredentialAccessor.upsert_credentials(
+            [
+                CredentialItem(
+                    credential_name="openai-cred",
+                    credential_values={"api_key": "sk-from-db"},
+                    credential_info={},
+                )
+            ]
+        )
+
+    def install_models(db_models: object) -> None:
+        installed(db_models=db_models, credential=CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values("openai-cred"))
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "credential_list", [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "prisma_client", prisma_client)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "store_model_in_db", True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "llm_router", router)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "llm_model_list", None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server.proxy_config, "get_credentials", load_credentials_from_db)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server.proxy_config, "_add_deployment", install_models)
+
+    assert await _resync_model_deployments("model-created-on-a-sibling-replica") is True
+    installed.assert_called_once_with(db_models=rows, credential={"api_key": "sk-from-db"})
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_resync_model_deployments_respects_supported_db_objects(monkeypatch):
     from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_scheduled_job_stagger.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_scheduled_job_stagger.py
index ca4d62737b6..54e0aa74a25 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_scheduled_job_stagger.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/common_utils/test_scheduled_job_stagger.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from litellm.proxy.common_utils.scheduled_job_stagger import (
 )
 
 OPERATOR_CRON_JOB_ID = "spend_log_cleanup_job"
-SHARED_INTERVAL_JOB_IDS = ("periodic_reload_job", "get_credentials_job", "add_deployment_job")
+SHARED_INTERVAL_JOB_IDS = ("periodic_reload_job", "add_deployment_job")
 
 
 async def _noop() -> None: ...
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/conftest.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/conftest.py
index 6f67b91ac1d..03d7ea81257 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/conftest.py
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+import json
 import os
+import signal
+import sys
+import time
 from collections.abc import Generator
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
 import pytest
@@ -75,3 +81,76 @@ def reset_entra_token_provider_cache() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
 def unset_database_url(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     monkeypatch.setenv("DATABASE_URL", "about-to-be-unset")
     monkeypatch.delenv("DATABASE_URL")
+
+
+FAKE_PRISMA_CLI = """#!{python}
+import json
+import os
+import pathlib
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+
+calls_file = pathlib.Path(os.environ["FAKE_PRISMA_CALLS"])
+earlier_calls = calls_file.read_text().splitlines() if calls_file.exists() else []
+with calls_file.open("a") as log:
+    print(json.dumps(sys.argv[1:]), file=log)
+if not earlier_calls and os.environ.get("FAKE_PRISMA_HANG_FIRST"):
+    grandchild = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import time; time.sleep(600)"])
+    pathlib.Path(os.environ["FAKE_PRISMA_GRANDCHILD_PIDFILE"]).write_text(str(grandchild.pid))
+    time.sleep(600)
+sys.exit(0)
+"""
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class FakePrismaCli:
+    """A stand-in `prisma` on PATH, recording every invocation.
+
+    With FAKE_PRISMA_HANG_FIRST set it hangs on its first call from a process tree
+    of its own, the way the real CLI wraps Node around a Rust schema engine, so a
+    timeout that kills only the direct child leaves the rest of that tree running.
+    """
+
+    calls_file: Path
+    grandchild_pidfile: Path
+
+    @property
+    def calls(self) -> list[list[str]]:
+        if not self.calls_file.exists():
+            return []
+        return [json.loads(line) for line in self.calls_file.read_text().splitlines()]
+
+    def grandchild_is_gone(self, within_seconds: float) -> bool:
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + within_seconds
+        while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+            try:
+                os.kill(int(self.grandchild_pidfile.read_text()), 0)
+            except ProcessLookupError:
+                return True
+            time.sleep(0.05)
+        return False
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fake_prisma_cli(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> Generator[FakePrismaCli, None, None]:
+    bin_dir = tmp_path / "fakebin"
+    bin_dir.mkdir()
+    script = bin_dir / "prisma"
+    script.write_text(FAKE_PRISMA_CLI.format(python=sys.executable))
+    script.chmod(0o755)
+    cli = FakePrismaCli(
+        calls_file=tmp_path / "calls.jsonl",
+        grandchild_pidfile=tmp_path / "grandchild.pid",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setenv("PATH", f"{bin_dir}{os.pathsep}{os.environ['PATH']}")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("FAKE_PRISMA_CALLS", str(cli.calls_file))
+    monkeypatch.setenv("FAKE_PRISMA_GRANDCHILD_PIDFILE", str(cli.grandchild_pidfile))
+    monkeypatch.setenv("LITELLM_PRISMA_COMMAND_TIMEOUT", "1")
+    monkeypatch.delenv("FAKE_PRISMA_HANG_FIRST", raising=False)
+    yield cli
+    if cli.grandchild_pidfile.exists():
+        try:
+            os.kill(int(cli.grandchild_pidfile.read_text()), signal.SIGKILL)
+        except ProcessLookupError:
+            pass
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_check_migration.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_check_migration.py
index 9e2f6a1089c..74a6841cb23 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_check_migration.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_check_migration.py
@@ -37,3 +37,35 @@ def test_check_migration_out_of_sync(mocker):
     check_migration.verbose_logger.exception.assert_called_once()
     actual_message = check_migration.verbose_logger.exception.call_args[0][0]
     assert "prisma schema out of sync with db" in actual_message
+
+
+@pytest.mark.timeout(30)
+def test_migrate_diff_stops_at_its_budget_and_takes_its_process_tree_with_it(fake_prisma_cli, monkeypatch):
+    """
+    `prisma migrate diff` ran unbounded, so a database that never answers hung boot
+    before uvicorn ever started, and interrupting the proxy orphaned the schema engine.
+    """
+    from litellm.proxy.db.check_migration import check_prisma_schema_diff_helper
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("FAKE_PRISMA_HANG_FIRST", "1")
+
+    assert check_prisma_schema_diff_helper("postgresql://u:p@localhost:9/x") == (False, [])
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == [
+        ["migrate", "diff", "--from-url", "postgresql://u:p@localhost:9/x",
+         "--to-schema-datamodel", "./schema.prisma", "--script"]
+    ]
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.grandchild_is_gone(within_seconds=5)
+
+
+def test_migrate_diff_without_the_prisma_runner_skips_instead_of_crashing_boot(monkeypatch):
+    """
+    Boot calls this helper directly, so an ImportError here takes the proxy down before
+    uvicorn starts. An install without the runner must lose the diagnostic, not the proxy.
+    """
+    import sys
+
+    from litellm.proxy.db.check_migration import check_prisma_schema_diff_helper
+
+    monkeypatch.setitem(sys.modules, "litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain", None)
+
+    assert check_prisma_schema_diff_helper("postgresql://u:p@localhost:9/x") == (False, [])
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_prisma_client.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_prisma_client.py
index f0983d6bf62..7f43e483557 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_prisma_client.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/db/test_prisma_client.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 
 
 
-from litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client import PrismaWrapper, should_update_prisma_schema
+from litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client import PrismaManager, PrismaWrapper, should_update_prisma_schema
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
@@ -193,7 +193,10 @@ async def test_recreate_prisma_client_recovers_from_disconnected_client(
     mock_new_prisma.connect.assert_awaited_once()
 
 
-def test_db_push_applies_replica_identity_full_when_requested(monkeypatch):
+DB_PUSH_ARGV = ["db", "push", "--accept-data-loss", "--skip-generate"]
+
+
+def test_db_push_applies_replica_identity_full_when_requested(monkeypatch, fake_prisma_cli, unset_database_url):
     """`prisma db push` bypasses litellm-proxy-extras, so it needs its own call
     into the opt-in REPLICA IDENTITY FULL step."""
     from litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client import PrismaManager
@@ -208,14 +211,13 @@ def test_db_push_applies_replica_identity_full_when_requested(monkeypatch):
         staticmethod(lambda: applied.append(True)),
     )
 
-    with patch("litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client.subprocess.run") as mock_run:
-        assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is True
+    assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is True
 
-    assert mock_run.call_args[0][0][:3] == ["prisma", "db", "push"]
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == [DB_PUSH_ARGV]
     assert applied == [True]
 
 
-def test_db_push_is_rejected_when_spend_logs_is_partitioned(monkeypatch):
+def test_db_push_is_rejected_when_spend_logs_is_partitioned(monkeypatch, fake_prisma_cli, unset_database_url):
     """A doc-partitioned LiteLLM_SpendLogs makes `prisma db push` rewrite the
     primary key back to ("request_id"), which Postgres rejects; the guard must
     fail fast with guidance instead of running the push."""
@@ -228,29 +230,23 @@ def test_db_push_is_rejected_when_spend_logs_is_partitioned(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setattr(
         ProxyExtrasDBManager, "spend_logs_is_partitioned", staticmethod(lambda: True)
     )
-    with patch(  # test-quality-ok: subprocess.run is the external prisma CLI boundary, asserted never reached
-        "litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client.subprocess.run"
-    ) as mock_run:
-        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
-            PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False)
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
+        PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False)
 
     assert str(err.value) == PARTITIONED_SPEND_LOGS_PUSH_ERROR
-    mock_run.assert_not_called()
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == []
 
 
-def test_db_push_proceeds_when_spend_logs_is_not_partitioned(monkeypatch):
+def test_db_push_proceeds_when_spend_logs_is_not_partitioned(monkeypatch, fake_prisma_cli, unset_database_url):
     from litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client import PrismaManager
     from litellm_proxy_extras.utils import ProxyExtrasDBManager
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(
         ProxyExtrasDBManager, "spend_logs_is_partitioned", staticmethod(lambda: False)
     )
-    with patch(  # test-quality-ok: subprocess.run is the external prisma CLI boundary, not SDK logic
-        "litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client.subprocess.run"
-    ) as mock_run:
-        assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is True
+    assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is True
 
-    assert mock_run.call_args[0][0][:3] == ["prisma", "db", "push"]
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == [DB_PUSH_ARGV]
 
 
 def _entra_jwt(expires_in_seconds: int) -> str:
@@ -377,3 +373,30 @@ def test_minting_without_the_database_env_vars_names_them(azure_env, monkeypatch
 
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="DATABASE_HOST"):
         wrapper.get_rds_iam_token()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.timeout(45)
+def test_db_push_timeout_takes_its_process_tree_with_it(fake_prisma_cli, unset_database_url, monkeypatch):
+    """
+    A timed-out `db push` used to leave Node and the schema engine writing the schema,
+    so the next attempt pushed into a database the abandoned one was still mutating.
+    """
+    monkeypatch.delenv("LITELLM_SET_REPLICA_IDENTITY_FULL", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("FAKE_PRISMA_HANG_FIRST", "1")
+
+    assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is True
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == [DB_PUSH_ARGV, DB_PUSH_ARGV]
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.grandchild_is_gone(within_seconds=5)
+
+
+def test_db_push_without_the_prisma_runner_fails_the_migration_instead_of_crashing_boot(
+    fake_prisma_cli, unset_database_url, monkeypatch
+):
+    """
+    An ImportError out of setup_database escapes the caller's RuntimeError handler and
+    kills boot, bypassing the operator's enforce_prisma_migration_check choice.
+    """
+    monkeypatch.setitem(sys.modules, "litellm_proxy_extras.prisma_toolchain", None)
+
+    assert PrismaManager.setup_database(use_migrate=False) is False
+    assert fake_prisma_cli.calls == []
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/test_tool_permission.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/test_tool_permission.py
index 0dbd4591ac9..87a1b84acc5 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/test_tool_permission.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/guardrails/guardrail_hooks/test_tool_permission.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ Unit tests for Tool Permission Guardrail (OpenAI tool_calls semantics)
 """
 
 import json
+import logging
 import re
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
@@ -520,6 +521,80 @@ class TestToolPermissionGuardrail:
                 )
         assert excinfo.value.status_code == 400
 
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_async_pre_call_hook_without_tools_logs_skip_at_debug(self, caplog):
+        data = {"model": "gpt-4", "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "hi"}]}
+
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.DEBUG, logger="LiteLLM Proxy"):
+            with patch.object(self.guardrail, "should_run_guardrail", return_value=True):
+                result = await self.guardrail.async_pre_call_hook(
+                    user_api_key_dict=UserAPIKeyAuth(),
+                    cache=DualCache(default_in_memory_ttl=1),
+                    data=data,
+                    call_type="completion",
+                )
+
+        assert result is data
+        skip_levels = [r.levelno for r in caplog.records if "No tools or functions in data" in r.getMessage()]
+        assert skip_levels == [logging.DEBUG]
+        assert [r.getMessage() for r in caplog.records if r.levelno >= logging.WARNING] == []
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_async_pre_call_hook_denied_tool_logs_at_info(self, caplog):
+        data = {"tools": [{"type": "function", "function": {"name": "Read"}}]}
+
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.DEBUG, logger="LiteLLM Proxy"):
+            with patch.object(self.guardrail, "should_run_guardrail", return_value=True):
+                with pytest.raises(HTTPException):
+                    await self.guardrail.async_pre_call_hook(
+                        user_api_key_dict=UserAPIKeyAuth(),
+                        cache=DualCache(default_in_memory_ttl=1),
+                        data=data,
+                        call_type="completion",
+                    )
+
+        denied_levels = [
+            r.levelno
+            for r in caplog.records
+            if r.getMessage() == "Tool Permission Guardrail: Tool 'Read' denied by rule 'deny_read'"
+        ]
+        assert denied_levels == [logging.INFO]
+        assert [r.getMessage() for r in caplog.records if r.levelno >= logging.WARNING] == []
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_async_post_call_success_hook_denied_tool_logs_at_info(self, caplog):
+        tool_call = {"function": {"name": "Read", "arguments": "{}"}, "type": "function"}
+        response = ModelResponse(choices=[Choices(message={"tool_calls": [tool_call]})])
+
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.DEBUG, logger="LiteLLM Proxy"):
+            with patch.object(self.guardrail, "should_run_guardrail", return_value=True):
+                with pytest.raises(GuardrailRaisedException):
+                    await self.guardrail.async_post_call_success_hook(
+                        data={"guardrails": ["test-tool-permission"]},
+                        user_api_key_dict=UserAPIKeyAuth(),
+                        response=response,
+                    )
+
+        denied_levels = [
+            r.levelno
+            for r in caplog.records
+            if r.getMessage() == "Tool Permission Guardrail: Tool 'Read' denied by rule 'deny_read'"
+        ]
+        assert denied_levels == [logging.INFO]
+        assert [r.getMessage() for r in caplog.records if r.levelno >= logging.WARNING] == []
+
+    def test_parse_tool_call_arguments_malformed_json_logs_warning(self, caplog):
+        tool_call = ChatCompletionMessageToolCall(function={"name": "Bash", "arguments": "{not json"}, id="call_1")
+
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.DEBUG, logger="LiteLLM Proxy"):
+            parsed, error = self.guardrail._parse_tool_call_arguments(tool_call)
+
+        assert parsed is None
+        assert error == "arguments could not be parsed"
+        warning_messages = [r.getMessage() for r in caplog.records if r.levelno == logging.WARNING]
+        assert len(warning_messages) == 1
+        assert warning_messages[0].startswith("Tool Permission Guardrail: Failed to decode arguments for tool Bash")
+
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_async_pre_call_hook_blocks_legacy_functions(self):
         data = {
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/policy_engine/test_pipeline_executor.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/policy_engine/test_pipeline_executor.py
index 4fcb7d22588..e95d001bb12 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/policy_engine/test_pipeline_executor.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/policy_engine/test_pipeline_executor.py
@@ -4,20 +4,26 @@ Tests for the pipeline executor.
 Uses mock guardrails to validate pipeline execution without external services.
 """
 
+import copy
+from typing import Literal
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 import pytest
 
 import litellm
+from litellm.caching.dual_cache import DualCache
 from litellm.integrations.custom_guardrail import CustomGuardrail
+from litellm.proxy._types import UserAPIKeyAuth
 from litellm.proxy.guardrails.guardrail_hooks.custom_code.custom_code_guardrail import (
     CustomCodeGuardrail,
 )
 from litellm.proxy.policy_engine.pipeline_executor import PipelineExecutor
+from litellm.types.guardrails import GuardrailEventHooks
 from litellm.types.proxy.policy_engine.pipeline_types import (
     GuardrailPipeline,
     PipelineStep,
 )
+from litellm.types.utils import CallTypesLiteral
 
 try:
     from fastapi.exceptions import HTTPException
@@ -158,11 +164,146 @@ class ContentCheckGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
         return None
 
 
+class RecordingGuardrail(CustomGuardrail):
+    def __init__(self, guardrail_name: str, scan_raw_request: bool = False, block: bool = True):
+        super().__init__(
+            guardrail_name=guardrail_name,
+            event_hook="pre_call",
+            default_on=True,
+            scan_raw_request=scan_raw_request,
+        )
+        self.block = block
+
+    def should_run_guardrail(self, data: dict[str, object], event_type: GuardrailEventHooks) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def async_pre_call_hook(
+        self,
+        user_api_key_dict: UserAPIKeyAuth,
+        cache: DualCache,
+        data: dict[str, object],
+        call_type: CallTypesLiteral,
+    ) -> dict[str, object]:
+        self.add_standard_logging_guardrail_information_to_request_data(
+            guardrail_json_response={"detected": ["aws_access_key"]},
+            request_data=data,
+            guardrail_status="guardrail_intervened" if self.block else "success",
+        )
+        if self.block:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Content policy violation")
+        return copy.deepcopy(data)
+
+
 # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 # Tests
 # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(HTTPException is None, reason="fastapi not installed")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("scan_raw_request", [False, True])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("on_fail", ["block", "modify_response"])
+async def test_terminal_block_carries_guardrail_information_to_request(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, scan_raw_request: bool, on_fail: Literal["block", "modify_response"]
+):
+    """
+    Spend logging and the Guardrails Monitor read standard_logging_guardrail_information
+    off the caller's request dict. A blocking step records it on the executor's
+    working copy (or the raw-request snapshot), so the terminal result must carry it
+    back onto the request or the block is never counted.
+    """
+    guard = RecordingGuardrail(guardrail_name="credentials-api-keys", scan_raw_request=scan_raw_request)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "callbacks", [guard])
+    data = {
+        "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "key AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE"}],
+        "metadata": {"user_api_key_hash": "abc"},
+    }
+
+    result = await PipelineExecutor.execute_steps(
+        steps=[PipelineStep(guardrail="credentials-api-keys", on_fail=on_fail, on_pass="next")],
+        mode="pre_call",
+        data=data,
+        user_api_key_dict=MagicMock(),
+        call_type="completion",
+        policy_name="baseline-pii-protection",
+        raw_request_snapshot={"messages": data["messages"], "metadata": {"user_api_key_hash": "abc"}},
+    )
+
+    assert result.terminal_action == on_fail
+    recorded = data["metadata"]["standard_logging_guardrail_information"]
+    assert [entry["guardrail_name"] for entry in recorded] == ["credentials-api-keys"]
+    assert recorded[0]["guardrail_status"] == "guardrail_intervened"
+    assert data["metadata"]["user_api_key_hash"] == "abc"
+    assert "guardrails" not in data["metadata"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(HTTPException is None, reason="fastapi not installed")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_terminal_block_merges_guardrail_information_without_duplicates(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch):
+    """A pass_data step that returns a rewritten copy of the request, and a scan_raw_request step
+    that evaluates a deep copy taken before the pipeline ran, both leave earlier entries in two
+    dicts at once. Those must be carried back once while every step's own entry is kept."""
+    first = RecordingGuardrail(guardrail_name="pii-scan", block=False)
+    second = RecordingGuardrail(guardrail_name="credentials-api-keys", scan_raw_request=True)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "callbacks", [first, second])
+    earlier = {"guardrail_name": "earlier-guard", "guardrail_status": "success"}
+    data = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "hi"}], "metadata": {}}
+    data["metadata"]["standard_logging_guardrail_information"] = [earlier]
+
+    result = await PipelineExecutor.execute_steps(
+        steps=[
+            PipelineStep(guardrail="pii-scan", on_fail="block", on_pass="next", pass_data=True),
+            PipelineStep(guardrail="credentials-api-keys", on_fail="block", on_pass="next"),
+        ],
+        mode="pre_call",
+        data=data,
+        user_api_key_dict=MagicMock(),
+        call_type="completion",
+        policy_name="baseline-pii-protection",
+        raw_request_snapshot={
+            "messages": data["messages"],
+            "metadata": {"standard_logging_guardrail_information": [dict(earlier)]},
+        },
+    )
+
+    assert result.terminal_action == "block"
+    recorded = data["metadata"]["standard_logging_guardrail_information"]
+    assert [entry["guardrail_name"] for entry in recorded] == ["earlier-guard", "pii-scan", "credentials-api-keys"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(HTTPException is None, reason="fastapi not installed")
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_repeated_scan_raw_request_step_is_counted_once_per_evaluation(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch):
+    """Running the same raw-scan guardrail twice yields two identical entries; both must reach the caller,
+    while the entries the raw snapshot already held before the pipeline ran are not copied again."""
+    guard = RecordingGuardrail(guardrail_name="credentials-raw", scan_raw_request=True, block=False)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "callbacks", [guard])
+    earlier = {"guardrail_name": "earlier-guard", "guardrail_status": "success"}
+    data = {"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "hi"}], "metadata": {}}
+    data["metadata"]["standard_logging_guardrail_information"] = [earlier]
+
+    result = await PipelineExecutor.execute_steps(
+        steps=[
+            PipelineStep(guardrail="credentials-raw", on_fail="block", on_pass="next"),
+            PipelineStep(guardrail="credentials-raw", on_fail="block", on_pass="next"),
+        ],
+        mode="pre_call",
+        data=data,
+        user_api_key_dict=MagicMock(),
+        call_type="completion",
+        policy_name="raw-scan-policy",
+        raw_request_snapshot={
+            "messages": data["messages"],
+            "metadata": {"standard_logging_guardrail_information": [dict(earlier)]},
+        },
+    )
+
+    assert result.terminal_action == "allow"
+    assert result.modified_data is not None
+    recorded = result.modified_data["metadata"]["standard_logging_guardrail_information"]
+    assert [entry["guardrail_name"] for entry in recorded] == ["earlier-guard", "credentials-raw", "credentials-raw"]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(HTTPException is None, reason="fastapi not installed")
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_escalation_step1_fails_step2_blocks(monkeypatch):
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/proxy_server/test_proxy_config.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/proxy_server/test_proxy_config.py
index 770cec1834e..ae4ec4086bb 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/proxy_server/test_proxy_config.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/proxy_server/test_proxy_config.py
@@ -2939,6 +2939,129 @@ async def test_ProxyConfig_add_deployment_applies_db_router_settings(monkeypatch
     fake_router.update_settings.assert_called_once_with(routing_strategy="latency-based-routing")
 
 
+def _stub_add_deployment_collaborators(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, pc: ProxyConfig, fake_prisma: MagicMock
+) -> None:
+    from litellm.proxy import proxy_server
+
+    fake_router = MagicMock()
+    fake_router.get_model_list = MagicMock(return_value=[])
+
+    async def fake_get_config(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> dict[str, object]:
+        return {}
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "credential_list", [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(pc, "get_config", fake_get_config)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(pc, "_init_non_llm_objects_in_db", AsyncMock())
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "prefetch_config_params", AsyncMock())
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "get_config_param", AsyncMock(return_value=None))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "llm_router", fake_router)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "master_key", "sk-master")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "prisma_client", fake_prisma)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "proxy_config", pc)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("LITELLM_SALT_KEY", raising=False)
+
+
+def _encrypted_credential_row(credential_name: str, api_key: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    from litellm.proxy.common_utils.encrypt_decrypt_utils import encrypt_value_helper
+
+    return {
+        "credential_name": credential_name,
+        "credential_values": {"api_key": encrypt_value_helper(api_key, new_encryption_key="sk-master")},
+        "credential_info": {"custom_llm_provider": "openai"},
+    }
+
+
+def _fake_prisma_with_encrypted_credential(credential_name: str, api_key: str) -> MagicMock:
+    fake_prisma = MagicMock()
+    fake_prisma.db.litellm_credentialstable.find_many = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[_encrypted_credential_row(credential_name, api_key)]
+    )
+    return fake_prisma
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ProxyConfig_add_deployment_loads_db_credentials_before_reconciling_models(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    from litellm.litellm_core_utils.credential_accessor import CredentialAccessor
+    from litellm.proxy import proxy_server
+    from litellm.utils import load_credentials_from_list
+
+    pc = ProxyConfig()
+    fake_prisma = MagicMock()
+    fake_prisma.db.litellm_credentialstable.find_many = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+    _stub_add_deployment_collaborators(monkeypatch, pc, fake_prisma)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "general_settings", {})
+    installed = MagicMock()
+
+    async def read_models_while_a_credential_lands(prisma_client: object) -> list[MagicMock]:
+        fake_prisma.db.litellm_credentialstable.find_many.return_value = [
+            _encrypted_credential_row("openai-cred", "sk-from-db")
+        ]
+        return [MagicMock()]
+
+    async def install_models(new_models: object, proxy_logging_obj: object) -> None:
+        installed(credential=CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values("openai-cred"))
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(pc, "_get_models_from_db", read_models_while_a_credential_lands)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(pc, "_update_llm_router", install_models)
+
+    await pc.add_deployment(prisma_client=fake_prisma, proxy_logging_obj=MagicMock())
+
+    installed.assert_called_once_with(credential={"api_key": "sk-from-db"})
+    assert CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values("openai-cred") == {"api_key": "sk-from-db"}
+    request_kwargs = {"litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred"}
+    load_credentials_from_list(request_kwargs)
+    assert request_kwargs == {"litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred", "api_key": "sk-from-db"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ProxyConfig_add_deployment_loads_db_credentials_even_when_models_are_not_db_objects(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    from litellm.litellm_core_utils.credential_accessor import CredentialAccessor
+    from litellm.proxy import proxy_server
+
+    pc = ProxyConfig()
+    fake_prisma = _fake_prisma_with_encrypted_credential("openai-cred", "sk-from-db")
+    _stub_add_deployment_collaborators(monkeypatch, pc, fake_prisma)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(proxy_server, "general_settings", {"supported_db_objects": ["mcp"]})
+    models_fetch = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(pc, "_get_models_from_db", models_fetch)
+
+    await pc.add_deployment(prisma_client=fake_prisma, proxy_logging_obj=MagicMock())
+
+    models_fetch.assert_not_awaited()
+    assert CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values("openai-cred") == {"api_key": "sk-from-db"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ProxyConfig_get_credentials_reads_from_writer_not_replica(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    from litellm.litellm_core_utils.credential_accessor import CredentialAccessor
+    from litellm.proxy.db.prisma_client import PrismaWrapper
+    from litellm.proxy.db.routing_prisma_wrapper import RoutingPrismaWrapper
+
+    pc = ProxyConfig()
+    writer_inner = MagicMock(name="writer_prisma")
+    reader_inner = MagicMock(name="reader_prisma")
+    writer_inner.litellm_credentialstable.find_many = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[_encrypted_credential_row("openai-cred", "sk-from-writer")]
+    )
+    reader_inner.litellm_credentialstable.find_many = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+    fake_prisma = MagicMock()
+    fake_prisma.db = RoutingPrismaWrapper(
+        writer=PrismaWrapper(original_prisma=writer_inner, iam_token_db_auth=False),
+        reader=PrismaWrapper(original_prisma=reader_inner, iam_token_db_auth=False),
+    )
+    _stub_add_deployment_collaborators(monkeypatch, pc, fake_prisma)
+
+    await pc.get_credentials(prisma_client=fake_prisma)
+
+    assert CredentialAccessor.get_credential_values("openai-cred") == {"api_key": "sk-from-writer"}
+    reader_inner.litellm_credentialstable.find_many.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # ProxyConfig._add_general_settings_from_db_config
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_logging_hook_detection.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_logging_hook_detection.py
index 9f1321aec2c..22930a26974 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_logging_hook_detection.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_logging_hook_detection.py
@@ -637,14 +637,14 @@ def test_callback_capabilities_excludes_opted_out_guardrail_from_iterator_overri
     assert [cb for cb, _ in caps.iterator_overrides if cb is opted_out] == []
 
 
-def test_deployment_pre_call_target_stays_native_when_opted_out():
+def test_deployment_hook_target_stays_native_when_opted_out():
     """Model-level guardrails resolve their target here rather than through ProxyLogging."""
-    assert _KeepsNativeHooks()._deployment_pre_call_target() is not None
+    assert _KeepsNativeHooks()._deployment_hook_target() is not None
     opted_out = _KeepsNativeHooks()
-    assert opted_out._deployment_pre_call_target() is opted_out
-    assert _AppliesGuardrail()._deployment_pre_call_target() is not None
+    assert opted_out._deployment_hook_target() is opted_out
+    assert _AppliesGuardrail()._deployment_hook_target() is not None
     routed = _AppliesGuardrail()
-    assert routed._deployment_pre_call_target() is not routed
+    assert routed._deployment_hook_target() is not routed
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_server.py b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_server.py
index b7bb58378d4..937e4f15741 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_server.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/proxy/test_proxy_server.py
@@ -822,16 +822,16 @@ def _mock_scheduled_proxy_config() -> MagicMock:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_credentials(monkeypatch):
-    """
-    Test that get_credentials is only called when store_model_in_db is True
-    """
+async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_loads_credentials_only_through_add_deployment(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
     monkeypatch.delenv("DISABLE_PRISMA_SCHEMA_UPDATE", raising=False)
     monkeypatch.delenv("STORE_MODEL_IN_DB", raising=False)
+    from apscheduler.schedulers.asyncio import AsyncIOScheduler
+
     from litellm.proxy.proxy_server import ProxyStartupEvent
     from litellm.proxy.utils import ProxyLogging
 
-    # Mock dependencies
     mock_prisma_client = MagicMock()
     mock_proxy_logging = MagicMock(spec=ProxyLogging)
     mock_proxy_logging.slack_alerting_instance = MagicMock()
@@ -841,25 +841,6 @@ async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_credentials(monkeypatch):
     with (
         patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.proxy_config", mock_proxy_config),
         patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.store_model_in_db", False),
-    ):  # set store_model_in_db to False
-        # Test when store_model_in_db is False
-        await ProxyStartupEvent.initialize_scheduled_background_jobs(
-            general_settings={},
-            prisma_client=mock_prisma_client,
-            proxy_budget_rescheduler_min_time=1,
-            proxy_budget_rescheduler_max_time=2,
-            proxy_batch_write_at=5,
-            proxy_logging_obj=mock_proxy_logging,
-        )
-
-        # Verify get_credentials was not called
-        mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.assert_not_called()
-
-    # Now test with store_model_in_db = True
-    with (
-        patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.proxy_config", mock_proxy_config),
-        patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.store_model_in_db", True),
-        patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.get_secret_bool", return_value=True),
     ):
         await ProxyStartupEvent.initialize_scheduled_background_jobs(
             general_settings={},
@@ -870,12 +851,31 @@ async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_credentials(monkeypatch):
             proxy_logging_obj=mock_proxy_logging,
         )
 
-        # Verify get_credentials was called both directly and scheduled
-        assert mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.call_count == 1  # Direct call
+        mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.assert_not_called()
+        mock_proxy_config.add_deployment.assert_not_called()
 
-        # Verify a scheduled job was added for get_credentials
-        mock_scheduler_calls = [call[0] for call in mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.mock_calls]
-        assert len(mock_scheduler_calls) > 0
+    scheduler = AsyncIOScheduler()
+    try:
+        with (
+            patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.proxy_config", mock_proxy_config),
+            patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.store_model_in_db", True),
+            patch("litellm.proxy.proxy_server.AsyncIOScheduler", return_value=scheduler),
+        ):
+            await ProxyStartupEvent.initialize_scheduled_background_jobs(
+                general_settings={},
+                prisma_client=mock_prisma_client,
+                proxy_budget_rescheduler_min_time=1,
+                proxy_budget_rescheduler_max_time=2,
+                proxy_batch_write_at=5,
+                proxy_logging_obj=mock_proxy_logging,
+            )
+
+        assert scheduler.get_job("get_credentials_job") is None
+        assert scheduler.get_job("add_deployment_job") is not None
+        mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.assert_not_called()
+        assert mock_proxy_config.add_deployment.call_count == 1
+    finally:
+        scheduler.shutdown(wait=False)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ async def test_periodic_reload_job_scheduled_without_store_model_in_db(monkeypat
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_uses_configured_config_reload_interval(monkeypatch):
     """
-    The DB config-reload jobs (add_deployment, get_credentials) that keep multi-pod
+    The DB config-reload job (add_deployment) that keeps multi-pod
     deployments in sync must be scheduled at the configured
     proxy_config_reload_interval_seconds, not a hardcoded value.
     """
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_uses_configured_config_reload_interval(
         if "id" in job_call.kwargs
     }
     assert scheduled_seconds["add_deployment_job"] == configured_interval
-    assert scheduled_seconds["get_credentials_job"] == configured_interval
+    assert "get_credentials_job" not in scheduled_seconds
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ async def test_initialize_scheduled_jobs_rejects_non_positive_config_reload_inte
         if "id" in job_call.kwargs
     }
     assert scheduled_seconds["add_deployment_job"] == 30
-    assert scheduled_seconds["get_credentials_job"] == 30
+    assert "get_credentials_job" not in scheduled_seconds
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -7446,10 +7446,8 @@ async def test_store_model_in_db_db_override_when_config_false():
         # store_model_in_db should now be True (overridden by DB)
         assert ps.store_model_in_db is True
 
-        # add_deployment and get_credentials should have been called
-        # since store_model_in_db is now True
         assert mock_proxy_config.add_deployment.call_count == 1
-        assert mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.call_count == 1
+        mock_proxy_config.get_credentials.assert_not_called()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_least_busy.py b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_least_busy.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9efa526fc02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_least_busy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+from typing import Final
+
+import pytest
+
+from litellm.caching.caching import DualCache
+from litellm.caching.in_memory_cache import InMemoryCache
+from litellm.router_strategy.least_busy import IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS, LeastBusyLoggingHandler
+
+GROUP: Final = "least-busy-group"
+DEPLOYMENT_A: Final[dict[str, object]] = {"model_info": {"id": "dep-a"}}
+DEPLOYMENT_B: Final[dict[str, object]] = {"model_info": {"id": "dep-b"}}
+HEALTHY: Final = [DEPLOYMENT_A, DEPLOYMENT_B]
+
+
+def _call_kwargs(deployment_id: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    return {"litellm_params": {"metadata": {"model_group": GROUP}, "model_info": {"id": deployment_id}}}
+
+
+class SharedRedisCounters:
+    """Mirrors what Redis gives the handler: increments clamped at zero, a TTL set once when
+    the key is created, and ordered reads that raise rather than invent a value."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        self.ttls: dict[str, int] = {}
+
+    def count(self, key: str) -> int | None:
+        return self.counts.get(key)
+
+    def expire(self, key: str) -> None:
+        self.counts.pop(key, None)
+        self.ttls.pop(key, None)
+
+    def increment_with_floor(self, key: str, value: int, ttl: int) -> int:
+        incremented: Final = max(0, self.counts.get(key, 0) + value)
+        self.counts[key] = incremented
+        self.ttls.setdefault(key, ttl)
+        return incremented
+
+    async def async_increment_with_floor(self, key: str, value: int, ttl: int) -> int:
+        return self.increment_with_floor(key, value, ttl)
+
+    def batch_get_counts(self, key_list: list[str]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+        return tuple(self.counts.get(key) for key in key_list)
+
+    async def async_batch_get_counts(self, key_list: list[str]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+        return self.batch_get_counts(key_list)
+
+
+def _worker(shared: SharedRedisCounters | None) -> LeastBusyLoggingHandler:
+    cache: Final = DualCache(in_memory_cache=InMemoryCache(), redis_cache=shared)  # pyright: ignore[reportArgumentType]  # duck-typed Redis double
+    return LeastBusyLoggingHandler(router_cache=cache)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_worker_routes_around_a_request_another_worker_started() -> None:
+    shared: Final = SharedRedisCounters()
+    streaming_worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+    picking_worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+
+    picking_worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+    await picking_worker.async_log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    streaming_worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert await picking_worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+    await streaming_worker.async_log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert await picking_worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_A
+
+
+def test_sync_pick_reads_the_shared_counts() -> None:
+    shared: Final = SharedRedisCounters()
+    streaming_worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+    picking_worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+
+    picking_worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+    picking_worker.log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    streaming_worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert picking_worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+    streaming_worker.log_failure_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert picking_worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_A
+
+
+def test_the_handler_never_pushes_a_counters_ttl_forward() -> None:
+    """A worker that dies mid-request leaves a +1 nobody will ever decrement. Redis expires that
+    stuck count an hour after the key was created, which only works while nothing writes the TTL
+    again: a handler that refreshed it on every touch would keep the count alive for as long as
+    the group takes traffic, and the deployment would read busier than it is forever."""
+    shared: Final = SharedRedisCounters()
+    worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+    key: Final = f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a"
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert shared.ttls == {key: IN_FLIGHT_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS}
+
+    shared.ttls[key] = 5
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+    worker.log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert shared.count(key) == 1
+    assert shared.ttls == {key: 5}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_counts_stay_in_memory_without_redis() -> None:
+    worker: Final = _worker(None)
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert await worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+    assert worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+    await worker.async_log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert await worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_A
+    assert worker.router_cache.get_cache(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a") == 0
+
+
+class UnavailableRedis(SharedRedisCounters):
+    def increment_with_floor(self, key: str, value: int, ttl: int) -> int:
+        raise ConnectionError("redis is down")
+
+    def batch_get_counts(self, key_list: list[str]) -> tuple[int | None, ...]:
+        raise ConnectionError("redis is down")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_a_redis_outage_falls_back_to_this_workers_own_counts() -> None:
+    worker: Final = _worker(UnavailableRedis())
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+    assert await worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+    await worker.async_log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_A
+
+
+def test_a_shared_counter_that_expired_mid_request_cannot_go_negative() -> None:
+    shared: Final = SharedRedisCounters()
+    worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+    shared.expire(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a")
+    worker.log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert shared.count(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a") == 0
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert shared.count(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a") == 1
+    assert worker.get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_a_local_counter_that_expired_mid_request_cannot_go_negative() -> None:
+    worker: Final = _worker(None)
+    in_memory: Final = worker.router_cache.in_memory_cache
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+    in_memory.delete_cache(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a")
+    await worker.async_log_success_event(_call_kwargs("dep-a"), None, None, None)
+
+    assert worker.router_cache.get_cache(f"{GROUP}_request_count:dep-a") == 0
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs=_call_kwargs("dep-a"))
+
+    assert await worker.async_get_available_deployments(GROUP, HEALTHY) is DEPLOYMENT_B
+
+
+def test_calls_without_a_deployment_are_ignored() -> None:
+    shared: Final = SharedRedisCounters()
+    worker: Final = _worker(shared)
+
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs={"litellm_params": {"metadata": None}})
+    worker.log_pre_api_call(model="m", messages=[], kwargs={})
+
+    assert shared.counts == {}
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_lowest_latency.py b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_lowest_latency.py
index eb02459be68..812d7bbff32 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_lowest_latency.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_lowest_latency.py
@@ -165,6 +165,133 @@ def test_sync_chat_zero_completion_tokens_falls_back_to_seconds():
     json.dumps({"latency": latencies})
 
 
+MODEL_GROUP = "gpt-4o-mini"
+FAST_TTFT_ID = "fast-ttft-short-output"
+SLOW_TTFT_ID = "slow-ttft-long-output"
+STREAMING_DEPLOYMENTS = [
+    {"model_info": {"id": FAST_TTFT_ID}, "litellm_params": {}},
+    {"model_info": {"id": SLOW_TTFT_ID}, "litellm_params": {}},
+]
+
+
+def _streaming_kwargs(deployment_id: str, start_time: datetime, ttft_seconds: float):
+    return {
+        "litellm_params": {
+            "metadata": {"model_group": MODEL_GROUP},
+            "model_info": {"id": deployment_id},
+        },
+        "stream": True,
+        "completion_start_time": start_time + timedelta(seconds=ttft_seconds),
+    }
+
+
+def _recorded_ttft(cache: DualCache, deployment_id: str):
+    cached = cache.get_cache(key=f"{MODEL_GROUP}_map") or {}
+    return cached.get(deployment_id, {}).get("time_to_first_token_seconds", [])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sync_mode", [True, False], ids=["sync", "async"])
+async def test_streaming_ttft_ranking_ignores_completion_length(sync_mode: bool):
+    """Deployment A: TTFT 1s, 50 completion tokens. Deployment B: TTFT 3s, 500
+    completion tokens. Dividing TTFT by completion tokens made B look faster
+    (3/500 = 0.006 beats 1/50 = 0.02); actual TTFT must win."""
+    cache = DualCache()
+    handler = LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(router_cache=cache)
+    start_time = datetime(2026, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0)
+    end_time = start_time + timedelta(seconds=10)
+
+    samples = (
+        (FAST_TTFT_ID, 1.0, 50),
+        (SLOW_TTFT_ID, 3.0, 500),
+    )
+    for deployment_id, ttft, completion_tokens in samples:
+        kwargs = _streaming_kwargs(deployment_id, start_time, ttft)
+        response_obj = _chat_response(completion_tokens=completion_tokens)
+        if sync_mode:
+            handler.log_success_event(
+                response_obj=response_obj, kwargs=kwargs, start_time=start_time, end_time=end_time
+            )
+        else:
+            await handler.async_log_success_event(
+                response_obj=response_obj, kwargs=kwargs, start_time=start_time, end_time=end_time
+            )
+
+    assert _recorded_ttft(cache, FAST_TTFT_ID) == [pytest.approx(1.0)]
+    assert _recorded_ttft(cache, SLOW_TTFT_ID) == [pytest.approx(3.0)]
+
+    request_kwargs = {"stream": True, "metadata": {}}
+    if sync_mode:
+        picked = handler.get_available_deployments(
+            model_group=MODEL_GROUP, healthy_deployments=STREAMING_DEPLOYMENTS, request_kwargs=request_kwargs
+        )
+    else:
+        picked = await handler.async_get_available_deployments(
+            model_group=MODEL_GROUP, healthy_deployments=STREAMING_DEPLOYMENTS, request_kwargs=request_kwargs
+        )
+
+    assert picked is not None
+    assert picked["model_info"]["id"] == FAST_TTFT_ID
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sync_mode", [True, False], ids=["sync", "async"])
+async def test_ttft_window_keeps_newest_samples_when_full(sync_mode: bool):
+    """Float timestamps, as the SDK passes them. Once max_latency_list_size
+    samples exist the oldest TTFT is dropped so the window slides."""
+    max_size = 3
+    cache = DualCache()
+    handler = LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(router_cache=cache, routing_args={"max_latency_list_size": max_size})
+    start_time = 1_700_000_000.0
+    ttfts = (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4)
+
+    for ttft in ttfts:
+        kwargs = {
+            "litellm_params": {
+                "metadata": {"model_group": MODEL_GROUP},
+                "model_info": {"id": FAST_TTFT_ID},
+            },
+            "stream": True,
+            "completion_start_time": start_time + ttft,
+        }
+        response_obj = _chat_response(completion_tokens=1)
+        if sync_mode:
+            handler.log_success_event(
+                response_obj=response_obj, kwargs=kwargs, start_time=start_time, end_time=start_time + 1.0
+            )
+        else:
+            await handler.async_log_success_event(
+                response_obj=response_obj, kwargs=kwargs, start_time=start_time, end_time=start_time + 1.0
+            )
+
+    assert _recorded_ttft(cache, FAST_TTFT_ID) == [pytest.approx(ttft) for ttft in ttfts[-max_size:]]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_streaming_routing_ignores_per_token_ttft_samples_from_older_workers():
+    """Workers on the previous release share the Redis map and keep writing
+    seconds-per-token under the old "time_to_first_token" key during a rolling
+    deploy. Those samples favor SLOW; routing must only read the seconds key."""
+    cache = DualCache()
+    handler = LowestLatencyLoggingHandler(router_cache=cache)
+    cache.set_cache(
+        key=f"{MODEL_GROUP}_map",
+        value={
+            FAST_TTFT_ID: {"time_to_first_token": [0.02], "time_to_first_token_seconds": [1.0]},
+            SLOW_TTFT_ID: {"time_to_first_token": [0.006], "time_to_first_token_seconds": [3.0]},
+        },
+    )
+
+    picked = await handler.async_get_available_deployments(
+        model_group=MODEL_GROUP,
+        healthy_deployments=STREAMING_DEPLOYMENTS,
+        request_kwargs={"stream": True, "metadata": {}},
+    )
+
+    assert picked is not None
+    assert picked["model_info"]["id"] == FAST_TTFT_ID
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "cached_entry",
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_groups.py b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_groups.py
index 5599c5aad63..af390c3292b 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_groups.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_groups.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import pytest
 
 import litellm
 from litellm import Router
+from litellm.integrations.custom_logger import CustomLogger
 from litellm.types.router import RoutingGroup, RoutingStrategy
 
 
@@ -435,6 +436,81 @@ def test_update_settings_unregisters_group_selectors_when_groups_removed(monkeyp
     assert router._group_selectors == {}
 
 
+def test_two_least_busy_groups_count_a_request_once(monkeypatch):
+    """
+    Least-busy counts a request up from the pre-call hooks on `litellm.input_callback` and
+    back down from the success hooks on `litellm.callbacks`. The success list drops a second
+    selector of the same class, so a pre-call list that kept both counted every request twice
+    and released it once, and the deployment's in-flight count climbed until it looked pinned.
+    """
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "callbacks", [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "input_callback", [])
+
+    router = _build_router(
+        routing_strategy="least-busy",
+        routing_groups=[
+            {
+                "group_name": "fast",
+                "models": ["filtered-model"],
+                "routing_strategy": "least-busy",
+            }
+        ],
+    )
+    kwargs = {
+        "litellm_params": {
+            "metadata": {"model_group": "filtered-model"},
+            "model_info": {"id": "deploy-1"},
+        }
+    }
+
+    for callback in litellm.input_callback:
+        if isinstance(callback, CustomLogger):
+            callback.log_pre_api_call(model="filtered-model", messages=[], kwargs=kwargs)
+    for callback in litellm.callbacks:
+        if isinstance(callback, CustomLogger):
+            callback.log_success_event(kwargs, None, None, None)
+
+    assert router.cache.get_cache("filtered-model_request_count:deploy-1") == 0
+
+
+def test_two_routers_in_one_process_each_count_their_own_requests(monkeypatch):
+    """
+    Least-busy hangs its counting off litellm's global callback lists, and those lists keep one
+    logger per class unless the instances differ in a plain attribute. Two routers in one process
+    (a second Router, or a per-request `user_config` one) therefore have to register separately:
+    a second router whose selector is dropped counts nothing, reads zero for every deployment,
+    and sends every request to whichever one is listed first.
+    """
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "callbacks", [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "input_callback", [])
+
+    first = _build_router(routing_strategy="least-busy")
+    second = _build_router(routing_strategy="least-busy")
+    kwargs = {
+        "litellm_params": {
+            "metadata": {"model_group": "filtered-model"},
+            "model_info": {"id": "deploy-1"},
+        }
+    }
+
+    for callback in litellm.input_callback:
+        if isinstance(callback, CustomLogger):
+            callback.log_pre_api_call(model="filtered-model", messages=[], kwargs=kwargs)
+
+    assert second.cache.get_cache("filtered-model_request_count:deploy-1") == 1
+    assert (
+        second.get_available_deployment(model="filtered-model", messages=[])["model_info"]["id"]
+        == "deploy-2"
+    )
+
+    for callback in litellm.callbacks:
+        if isinstance(callback, CustomLogger):
+            callback.log_success_event(kwargs, None, None, None)
+
+    assert first.cache.get_cache("filtered-model_request_count:deploy-1") == 0
+    assert second.cache.get_cache("filtered-model_request_count:deploy-1") == 0
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Direct helper coverage
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_plugins.py b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_plugins.py
index 293af36080a..0a54addce5e 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_plugins.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/router_strategy/test_router_routing_plugins.py
@@ -56,6 +56,18 @@ class BlockEverything:
         return context
 
 
+class MessageRecorder:
+    """Records what each plugin pass was handed, then blocks so the request stops there."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.seen = []
+
+    async def run(self, context: RoutingContext) -> RoutingContext:
+        self.seen.append(list(context.raw_messages))
+        context.candidate_models = []
+        return context
+
+
 def _smart_router_model_list():
     return [
         {
@@ -164,6 +176,71 @@ async def test_async_completion_with_unsupported_strategy_rejects_configured_plu
         await router.acompletion(model="smart-router", messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "hi"}])
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_prompt_management_model_still_runs_the_plugin_pipeline():
+    """
+    A prompt-management model routes through its own factory, which picked the deployment
+    on the synchronous path. Plugins never run there, so the guard turned every such request
+    into an error message about the caller's own API choice, on an async call the caller made
+    correctly. It also read the in-flight counts with a blocking call inside the event loop.
+    """
+    router = Router(
+        model_list=[
+            {
+                "model_name": "cached-claude",
+                "litellm_params": {
+                    "model": "anthropic_cache_control_hook/claude-sonnet-5",
+                    "prompt_id": "cache-points",
+                },
+            }
+        ],
+        routing_strategy="least-busy",
+        plugins=[BlockEverything()],
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="No deployments left after routing-plugin filtering"):
+        await router.acompletion(
+            model="cached-claude",
+            messages=[{"role": "user", "content": "hi"}],
+            litellm_call_id="lit-7039",
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_prompt_management_plugins_see_the_callers_own_messages():
+    """
+    The prompt-management factory picks its deployment with a placeholder message, which was
+    harmless while that pick ran on the synchronous path (plugins never ran there at all). Now
+    that the pick runs the plugin pipeline, a plugin that classifies request content would score
+    the placeholder instead of the conversation, and the narrowing it produces decides which
+    deployments the real call is allowed to use.
+    """
+    recorder = MessageRecorder()
+    router = Router(
+        model_list=[
+            {
+                "model_name": "cached-claude",
+                "litellm_params": {
+                    "model": "anthropic_cache_control_hook/claude-sonnet-5",
+                    "prompt_id": "cache-points",
+                },
+            }
+        ],
+        routing_strategy="least-busy",
+        plugins=[recorder],
+    )
+    messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "wire me $40,000 to account 12345"}]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="No deployments left after routing-plugin filtering"):
+        await router.acompletion(
+            model="cached-claude",
+            messages=messages,
+            litellm_call_id="lit-7039",
+        )
+
+    assert recorder.seen == [messages]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_router_without_plugins_is_unaffected():
     """Regression guard: a Router with no `plugins` configured behaves exactly as before."""
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/router_utils/test_cooldown_cache.py b/tests/test_litellm/router_utils/test_cooldown_cache.py
index 68e9aeaa4fc..6f90fa8465f 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/router_utils/test_cooldown_cache.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/router_utils/test_cooldown_cache.py
@@ -268,12 +268,12 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - 120.0,
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
 
         active = cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
         assert active == [], "Expired cooldown entry must not appear in active cooldowns"
-        assert cc.cache.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None, "Expired entry must be evicted from in-memory cache"
+        assert cc.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None, "Expired entry must be evicted from in-memory cache"
 
     def test_active_entry_is_returned(self):
         """
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time(),
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
 
         active = cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
@@ -312,14 +312,14 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - (60.0 - remaining),
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, value, ttl=600)
 
-        before_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        before_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert before_expiry is not None
 
         cc.get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
-        after_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        after_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert after_expiry is not None
         corrected_remaining = after_expiry - time.time()
         assert corrected_remaining <= 60.0, "Corrected TTL must not exceed 60s"
@@ -340,12 +340,12 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time() - 120.0,
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, expired_value, ttl=600)
 
         active = await cc.async_get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
         assert active == [], "Expired entry must not appear in async active cooldowns"
-        assert cc.cache.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
+        assert cc.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_async_active_entry_is_returned(self):
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class TestCooldownCacheTTLCorrection:
             "timestamp": time.time(),
             "cooldown_time": 60.0,
         }
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, active_value, ttl=60)
 
         active = await cc.async_get_active_cooldowns(model_ids=[model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
 
@@ -389,18 +389,18 @@ class TestCorrectedActiveCooldown:
         cc = self._make_cooldown_cache()
         key = "deployment:expired-dep:cooldown"
         entry = self._entry(timestamp=time.time() - 120.0, cooldown_time=60.0)
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=600)
 
         result = cc._corrected_active_cooldown(key, dict(entry), current_time=time.time())
 
         assert result is None
-        assert cc.cache.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
+        assert cc.in_memory_cache.get_cache(key) is None
 
     def test_active_entry_within_window_returns_value(self):
         cc = self._make_cooldown_cache()
         key = "deployment:active-dep:cooldown"
         entry = self._entry(timestamp=time.time(), cooldown_time=60.0)
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=60)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=60)
 
         result = cc._corrected_active_cooldown(key, dict(entry), current_time=time.time())
 
@@ -412,12 +412,12 @@ class TestCorrectedActiveCooldown:
         key = "deployment:backfilled-dep:cooldown"
         remaining = 30.0
         entry = self._entry(timestamp=time.time() - (60.0 - remaining), cooldown_time=60.0)
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=600)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=600)
 
         result = cc._corrected_active_cooldown(key, dict(entry), current_time=time.time())
 
         assert result is not None
-        corrected_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        corrected_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert corrected_expiry is not None
         assert corrected_expiry - time.time() <= 60.0
 
@@ -425,10 +425,160 @@ class TestCorrectedActiveCooldown:
         cc = self._make_cooldown_cache()
         key = "deployment:normal-dep:cooldown"
         entry = self._entry(timestamp=time.time(), cooldown_time=60.0)
-        cc.cache.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=60)
-        original_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        cc.in_memory_cache.set_cache(key, dict(entry), ttl=60)
+        original_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
 
         cc._corrected_active_cooldown(key, dict(entry), current_time=time.time())
 
-        after_expiry = cc.cache.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
+        after_expiry = cc.in_memory_cache.ttl_dict.get(key)
         assert after_expiry == original_expiry
+
+
+class SharedRedisDouble:
+    """
+    In-process stand-in for RedisCache, shared by several DualCache instances so that
+    tests can model two proxy replicas talking to one Redis.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.store: dict = {}  # mutable-ok: stands in for Redis' own mutable keyspace
+
+    def set_cache(self, key, value, **kwargs):
+        self.store[key] = value
+
+    async def async_set_cache(self, key, value, **kwargs):
+        self.store[key] = value
+
+    def batch_get_cache(self, key_list, parent_otel_span=None, **kwargs):
+        return {key: self.store.get(key) for key in key_list}
+
+    async def async_batch_get_cache(self, key_list, parent_otel_span=None, **kwargs):
+        return {key: self.store.get(key) for key in key_list}
+
+
+class TestCooldownPropagationBetweenReplicas:
+    """
+    A cooldown written by one replica has to reach its siblings quickly. The router's own
+    DualCache re-reads a key that is missing from memory only every 10s, so cooldown reads
+    get their own cache with a much shorter Redis read interval.
+    """
+
+    def _make_replica(self, redis: SharedRedisDouble, read_interval: float | None = None) -> CooldownCache:
+        router_cache = DualCache(in_memory_cache=InMemoryCache(), redis_cache=redis)
+        if read_interval is None:
+            return CooldownCache(cache=router_cache, default_cooldown_time=60.0)
+        return CooldownCache(
+            cache=router_cache,
+            default_cooldown_time=60.0,
+            redis_read_interval_seconds=read_interval,
+        )
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_sibling_replica_sees_cooldown_within_configured_read_interval(self):
+        redis = SharedRedisDouble()
+        replica_a = self._make_replica(redis, read_interval=0.25)
+        replica_b = self._make_replica(redis, read_interval=0.25)
+        model_id = "shared-deployment"
+
+        assert await replica_b.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None) == []
+
+        replica_a.add_deployment_to_cooldown(
+            model_id=model_id,
+            original_exception=Exception("Internal server error"),
+            exception_status=500,
+            cooldown_time=60.0,
+        )
+
+        time.sleep(0.3)
+
+        active = await replica_b.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
+        assert [model_id] == [entry[0] for entry in active], (
+            "sibling replica must pick up a cooldown written by another replica within the read interval"
+        )
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_sibling_replica_sees_cooldown_within_default_read_interval(self):
+        redis = SharedRedisDouble()
+        replica_a = self._make_replica(redis)
+        replica_b = self._make_replica(redis)
+        model_id = "default-interval-deployment"
+
+        assert await replica_b.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None) == []
+
+        replica_a.add_deployment_to_cooldown(
+            model_id=model_id,
+            original_exception=Exception("Internal server error"),
+            exception_status=500,
+            cooldown_time=60.0,
+        )
+
+        time.sleep(1.2)
+
+        active = await replica_b.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
+        assert [model_id] == [entry[0] for entry in active], (
+            "the shipped default read interval must let a sibling replica see a cooldown about a second later"
+        )
+
+    def test_sync_read_path_sees_sibling_cooldown_within_read_interval(self):
+        redis = SharedRedisDouble()
+        replica_a = self._make_replica(redis, read_interval=0.25)
+        replica_b = self._make_replica(redis, read_interval=0.25)
+        model_id = "sync-shared-deployment"
+
+        assert replica_b.get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None) == []
+
+        replica_a.add_deployment_to_cooldown(
+            model_id=model_id,
+            original_exception=Exception("Internal server error"),
+            exception_status=500,
+            cooldown_time=60.0,
+        )
+
+        time.sleep(0.3)
+
+        active = replica_b.get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
+        assert [model_id] == [entry[0] for entry in active]
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_redis_attached_after_construction_is_still_used(self):
+        redis = SharedRedisDouble()
+        router_cache = DualCache(in_memory_cache=InMemoryCache())
+        writer = CooldownCache(cache=router_cache, default_cooldown_time=60.0, redis_read_interval_seconds=0.25)
+        router_cache.attach_redis_cache(redis)
+        reader = self._make_replica(redis, read_interval=0.25)
+        model_id = "late-redis-deployment"
+
+        writer.add_deployment_to_cooldown(
+            model_id=model_id,
+            original_exception=Exception("Internal server error"),
+            exception_status=500,
+            cooldown_time=60.0,
+        )
+
+        active = await reader.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
+        assert [model_id] == [entry[0] for entry in active], (
+            "a router that wires Redis after building its cooldown cache must still publish cooldowns to it"
+        )
+
+
+class TestCooldownSurvivesUnrelatedCacheTraffic:
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_unrelated_router_cache_writes_do_not_evict_active_cooldown(self):
+        router_cache = DualCache(in_memory_cache=InMemoryCache())
+        cc = CooldownCache(cache=router_cache, default_cooldown_time=60.0)
+        model_id = "busy-router-deployment"
+
+        cc.add_deployment_to_cooldown(
+            model_id=model_id,
+            original_exception=Exception("Internal server error"),
+            exception_status=500,
+            cooldown_time=30.0,
+        )
+
+        for i in range(400):
+            router_cache.set_cache(key=f"unrelated-router-key-{i}", value={"n": i})
+
+        active = await cc.async_get_active_cooldowns([model_id], parent_otel_span=None)
+        assert [model_id] == [entry[0] for entry in active], (
+            "unrelated router cache traffic must not evict a cooldown that is still running"
+        )
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/test_utils.py b/tests/test_litellm/test_utils.py
index 45532f91f16..2aeec0c0f81 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/test_utils.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/test_utils.py
@@ -6098,3 +6098,47 @@ class TestFinalOptionalParamsLineRedaction:
 
         assert "'max_tokens': 17" in printed
         assert "'temperature': 0.25" in printed
+
+
+def _credential_warnings(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture) -> list[str]:
+    return [record.getMessage() for record in caplog.records if "litellm_credential_name=" in record.getMessage()]
+
+
+def test_load_credentials_from_list_warns_when_the_named_credential_is_not_loaded(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    from litellm.utils import load_credentials_from_list
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "credential_list", [])
+    request_kwargs = {"litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred", "model": "openai/gpt-5.4-mini"}
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger=verbose_logger.name):
+        load_credentials_from_list(request_kwargs)
+
+    assert request_kwargs == {"litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred", "model": "openai/gpt-5.4-mini"}
+    assert _credential_warnings(caplog) == [
+        "litellm_credential_name=openai-cred matched none of the 0 loaded credentials; the request runs without it"
+    ]
+
+
+def test_load_credentials_from_list_fills_kwargs_from_the_loaded_credential_without_warning(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture
+) -> None:
+    from litellm.types.utils import CredentialItem
+    from litellm.utils import load_credentials_from_list
+
+    loaded = CredentialItem(
+        credential_name="openai-cred",
+        credential_values={"api_key": "sk-from-db", "api_base": "https://credential.example"},
+        credential_info={},
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(litellm, "credential_list", [loaded])
+    request_kwargs = {"litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred", "api_base": "https://request.example"}
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger=verbose_logger.name):
+        load_credentials_from_list(request_kwargs)
+
+    assert request_kwargs == {
+        "litellm_credential_name": "openai-cred",
+        "api_base": "https://request.example",
+        "api_key": "sk-from-db",
+    }
+    assert _credential_warnings(caplog) == []
diff --git a/type-discipline-budget.json b/type-discipline-budget.json
index e7186dfe186..0c0952289e2 100644
--- a/type-discipline-budget.json
+++ b/type-discipline-budget.json
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
   "LIT001": {
-    "limit": 22180
+    "limit": 22174
   },
   "LIT002": {
-    "limit": 26729
+    "limit": 26715
   },
   "LIT003": {
     "limit": 261
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@
     "limit": 0
   },
   "LIT010": {
-    "limit": 16426
+    "limit": 16398
   },
   "LIT011": {
-    "limit": 5506
+    "limit": 5504
   },
   "LIT012": {
     "limit": 4486