diff --git a/litellm/llms/base_llm/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/base_llm/rerank/transformation.py
index 7874201f7f0..166f876ba04 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/base_llm/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/base_llm/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ class BaseRerankConfig(ABC):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         return {}
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank/transformation.py
index 531b94d1805..64ae8e8ffa7 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ class CohereRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         if "query" not in optional_rerank_params:
             raise ValueError("query is required for Cohere rerank")
diff --git a/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank_v2/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank_v2/transformation.py
index 60d22ff4be0..4c800d6455d 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank_v2/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/cohere/rerank_v2/transformation.py
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ class CohereRerankV2Config(CohereRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         if "query" not in optional_rerank_params:
             raise ValueError("query is required for Cohere rerank")
diff --git a/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py b/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
index bc2ca805e94..dc625918b98 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/custom_httpx/llm_http_handler.py
@@ -1007,6 +1007,7 @@ class BaseLLMHTTPHandler:
         api_key: Optional[str] = None,
         api_base: Optional[str] = None,
         client: Optional[Union[HTTPHandler, AsyncHTTPHandler]] = None,
+        litellm_params: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ) -> RerankResponse:
         # get config from model, custom llm provider
         headers = provider_config.validate_environment(
@@ -1026,6 +1027,7 @@ class BaseLLMHTTPHandler:
             model=model,
             optional_rerank_params=optional_rerank_params,
             headers=headers,
+            litellm_params=litellm_params,
         )
 
         ## LOGGING
diff --git a/litellm/llms/deepinfra/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/deepinfra/rerank/transformation.py
index 71e300d258c..276735f4758 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/deepinfra/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/deepinfra/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ class DeepinfraRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         # Convert OptionalRerankParams to dict as expected by parent class
         if optional_rerank_params is None:
diff --git a/litellm/llms/fireworks_ai/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/fireworks_ai/rerank/transformation.py
index eb92399a058..4a7b64b9b77 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/fireworks_ai/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/fireworks_ai/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ class FireworksAIRerankConfig(FireworksAIMixin, BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Transform request to Fireworks AI rerank format
diff --git a/litellm/llms/hosted_vllm/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/hosted_vllm/rerank/transformation.py
index 8066e53afc7..60b6dc7d23d 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/hosted_vllm/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/hosted_vllm/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ class HostedVLLMRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         if "query" not in optional_rerank_params:
             raise ValueError("query is required for Hosted VLLM rerank")
diff --git a/litellm/llms/huggingface/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/huggingface/rerank/transformation.py
index 3f83b8e422d..2c847b617ef 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/huggingface/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/huggingface/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ class HuggingFaceRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Union[OptionalRerankParams, dict],
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         if "query" not in optional_rerank_params:
             raise ValueError("query is required for HuggingFace rerank")
diff --git a/litellm/llms/jina_ai/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/jina_ai/rerank/transformation.py
index 48d876f8ea2..ad4416925a6 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/jina_ai/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/jina_ai/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -74,7 +74,11 @@ class JinaAIRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         return cleaned_base
 
     def transform_rerank_request(
-        self, model: str, optional_rerank_params: Dict, headers: Dict
+        self,
+        model: str,
+        optional_rerank_params: Dict,
+        headers: Dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> Dict:
         return {"model": model, **optional_rerank_params}
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/ranking_transformation.py b/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/ranking_transformation.py
index 757d874bf31..b9a46b8ac2b 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/ranking_transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/ranking_transformation.py
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ class NvidiaNimRankingConfig(NvidiaNimRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Transform request, using clean model name without 'ranking/' prefix.
@@ -75,4 +76,5 @@ class NvidiaNimRankingConfig(NvidiaNimRerankConfig):
             model=clean_model,
             optional_rerank_params=optional_rerank_params,
             headers=headers,
+            litellm_params=litellm_params,
         )
diff --git a/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/transformation.py
index bd5abac60c8..fc317293acc 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/nvidia_nim/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ class NvidiaNimRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Transform request to Nvidia NIM format.
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/common_utils.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/common_utils.py
index b4bfde5f541..fae175612b1 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/common_utils.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/common_utils.py
@@ -27,6 +27,53 @@ class VertexAIError(BaseLLMException):
         super().__init__(message=message, status_code=status_code, headers=headers)
 
 
+def vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(
+    litellm_params: Optional[dict],
+) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+    """
+    Build Vertex/GCP billing labels from LiteLLM user metadata on ``litellm_params``:
+    ``metadata`` (``completion(..., metadata=...)``) or ``litellm_metadata``,
+    using ``requester_metadata`` string key-value pairs (same convention as Gemini).
+    ``metadata`` is tried first when both are present.
+    """
+    if not litellm_params:
+        return None
+    for key in ("metadata", "litellm_metadata"):
+        if key not in litellm_params:
+            continue
+        metadata = litellm_params[key]
+        if metadata is None or not isinstance(metadata, dict):
+            continue
+        if "requester_metadata" not in metadata:
+            continue
+        rm = metadata["requester_metadata"]
+        if not isinstance(rm, dict):
+            continue
+        labels = {k: v for k, v in rm.items() if isinstance(v, str)}
+        if labels:
+            return labels
+    return None
+
+
+def pop_vertex_request_labels(
+    optional_params: Optional[dict],
+    litellm_params: Optional[dict],
+) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+    """
+    Resolve labels from optional ``labels`` (Gemini-style) and/or
+    ``litellm_params["metadata"]`` / ``litellm_params["litellm_metadata"]``
+    (``requester_metadata``). Pops ``labels`` from optional_params when present.
+    """
+    labels: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    if optional_params is not None and "labels" in optional_params:
+        raw = optional_params.pop("labels")
+        if isinstance(raw, dict):
+            labels = {k: v for k, v in raw.items() if isinstance(v, str)}
+    if not labels:
+        labels = vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(litellm_params)
+    return labels if labels else None
+
+
 class VertexAIModelRoute(str, Enum):
     """Enum for Vertex AI model routing"""
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/gemini/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/gemini/transformation.py
index 533bd06d2d8..87bd4843822 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/gemini/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/gemini/transformation.py
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ from litellm.litellm_core_utils.prompt_templates.factory import (
     response_schema_prompt,
 )
 from litellm.llms.custom_httpx.http_handler import AsyncHTTPHandler, HTTPHandler
+from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import pop_vertex_request_labels
 from litellm.types.files import (
     get_file_mime_type_for_file_type,
     get_file_type_from_extension,
@@ -714,16 +715,8 @@ def _transform_request_body(  # noqa: PLR0915
         optional_params.pop("output_config", None)
         config_fields = GenerationConfig.__annotations__.keys()
 
-        # If the LiteLLM client sends Gemini-supported parameter "labels", add it
-        # as "labels" field to the request sent to the Gemini backend.
-        labels: Optional[dict[str, str]] = optional_params.pop("labels", None)
-        # If the LiteLLM client sends OpenAI-supported parameter "metadata", add it
-        # as "labels" field to the request sent to the Gemini backend.
-        if labels is None and "metadata" in litellm_params:
-            metadata = litellm_params["metadata"]
-            if metadata is not None and "requester_metadata" in metadata:
-                rm = metadata["requester_metadata"]
-                labels = {k: v for k, v in rm.items() if isinstance(v, str)}
+        # labels: optional explicit param and/or metadata.requester_metadata (OpenAI metadata)
+        labels = pop_vertex_request_labels(optional_params, litellm_params)
 
         filtered_params = {
             k: v
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/vertex_imagen_transformation.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/vertex_imagen_transformation.py
index 1c7696d55a2..05ebd685d91 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/vertex_imagen_transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/vertex_imagen_transformation.py
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ import litellm
 from litellm.llms.base_llm.image_generation.transformation import (
     BaseImageGenerationConfig,
 )
-from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import get_vertex_base_url
+from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import (
+    get_vertex_base_url,
+    pop_vertex_request_labels,
+)
 from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.gemini.vertex_and_google_ai_studio_gemini import VertexLLM
 from litellm.secret_managers.main import get_secret_str
 from litellm.types.llms.openai import (
@@ -203,13 +206,16 @@ class VertexAIImagenImageGenerationConfig(BaseImageGenerationConfig, VertexLLM):
             "sampleCount": 1,
         }
 
-        # Merge with optional params
+        labels = pop_vertex_request_labels(optional_params, litellm_params)
+        # Merge with optional params (after popping labels so they are not sent as Imagen parameters)
         parameters = {**default_params, **optional_params}
 
-        request_body = {
+        request_body: dict = {
             "instances": [{"prompt": prompt}],
             "parameters": parameters,
         }
+        if labels:
+            request_body["labels"] = labels
 
         return request_body
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/transformation.py
index 53651839671..3b84972e946 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -11,12 +11,15 @@ import httpx
 import litellm
 from litellm.litellm_core_utils.litellm_logging import Logging as LiteLLMLoggingObj
 from litellm.llms.base_llm.rerank.transformation import BaseRerankConfig
+from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import (
+    vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params,
+)
 from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.vertex_llm_base import VertexBase
 from litellm.secret_managers.main import get_secret_str
 from litellm.types.rerank import (
+    RerankBilledUnits,
     RerankResponse,
     RerankResponseMeta,
-    RerankBilledUnits,
     RerankResponseResult,
 )
 
@@ -109,6 +112,7 @@ class VertexAIRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig, VertexBase):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Transform the request from Cohere format to Vertex AI Discovery Engine format
@@ -145,6 +149,10 @@ class VertexAIRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig, VertexBase):
         # When return_documents is False, we want to ignore record details (return only IDs)
         request_data["ignoreRecordDetailsInResponse"] = not return_documents
 
+        user_labels = vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(litellm_params)
+        if user_labels:
+            request_data["userLabels"] = user_labels
+
         return request_data
 
     def transform_rerank_response(
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/embedding_handler.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/embedding_handler.py
index 18c5ec3d839..696341598e5 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/embedding_handler.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/embedding_handler.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Literal, Optional, Union
+from typing import Dict, Literal, Optional, Union
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ class VertexEmbedding(VertexBase):
         vertex_credentials: Optional[VERTEX_CREDENTIALS_TYPES] = None,
         gemini_api_key: Optional[str] = None,
         extra_headers: Optional[dict] = None,
+        litellm_params: Optional[Dict] = None,
     ) -> EmbeddingResponse:
         if aembedding is True:
             return self.async_embedding(  # type: ignore
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ class VertexEmbedding(VertexBase):
                 vertex_credentials=vertex_credentials,
                 gemini_api_key=gemini_api_key,
                 extra_headers=extra_headers,
+                litellm_params=litellm_params,
             )
 
         should_use_v1beta1_features = self.is_using_v1beta1_features(
@@ -92,7 +94,10 @@ class VertexEmbedding(VertexBase):
         headers = self.set_headers(auth_header=auth_header, extra_headers=extra_headers)
         vertex_request: VertexEmbeddingRequest = (
             litellm.vertexAITextEmbeddingConfig.transform_openai_request_to_vertex_embedding_request(
-                input=input, optional_params=optional_params, model=model
+                input=input,
+                optional_params=optional_params,
+                model=model,
+                litellm_params=litellm_params,
             )
         )
 
@@ -156,6 +161,7 @@ class VertexEmbedding(VertexBase):
         gemini_api_key: Optional[str] = None,
         extra_headers: Optional[dict] = None,
         encoding=None,
+        litellm_params: Optional[Dict] = None,
     ) -> EmbeddingResponse:
         """
         Async embedding implementation
@@ -188,7 +194,10 @@ class VertexEmbedding(VertexBase):
         headers = self.set_headers(auth_header=auth_header, extra_headers=extra_headers)
         vertex_request: VertexEmbeddingRequest = (
             litellm.vertexAITextEmbeddingConfig.transform_openai_request_to_vertex_embedding_request(
-                input=input, optional_params=optional_params, model=model
+                input=input,
+                optional_params=optional_params,
+                model=model,
+                litellm_params=litellm_params,
             )
         )
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/transformation.py
index 132f29987af..24396628dbd 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/transformation.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from typing import List, Literal, Optional, Union
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
+from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import pop_vertex_request_labels
 from litellm.types.utils import EmbeddingResponse, Usage
 
 from .types import *
@@ -100,7 +101,11 @@ class VertexAITextEmbeddingConfig(BaseModel):
         return optional_params
 
     def transform_openai_request_to_vertex_embedding_request(
-        self, input: Union[list, str], optional_params: dict, model: str
+        self,
+        input: Union[list, str],
+        optional_params: dict,
+        model: str,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> VertexEmbeddingRequest:
         """
         Transforms an openai request to a vertex embedding request.
@@ -108,16 +113,26 @@ class VertexAITextEmbeddingConfig(BaseModel):
         # Import here to avoid circular import issues with litellm.__init__
         from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.vertex_embeddings.bge import VertexBGEConfig
 
+        labels = pop_vertex_request_labels(optional_params, litellm_params)
+
         if model.isdigit():
-            return self._transform_openai_request_to_fine_tuned_embedding_request(
-                input, optional_params, model
+            vertex_request = (
+                self._transform_openai_request_to_fine_tuned_embedding_request(
+                    input, optional_params, model
+                )
             )
+            if labels:
+                vertex_request["labels"] = labels
+            return vertex_request
         if VertexBGEConfig.is_bge_model(model):
-            return VertexBGEConfig.transform_request(
+            vertex_request = VertexBGEConfig.transform_request(
                 input=input, optional_params=optional_params, model=model
             )
+            if labels:
+                vertex_request["labels"] = labels
+            return vertex_request
 
-        vertex_request: VertexEmbeddingRequest = VertexEmbeddingRequest()
+        vertex_request = VertexEmbeddingRequest()
         vertex_text_embedding_input_list: List[TextEmbeddingInput] = []
         task_type: Optional[TaskType] = optional_params.get("task_type")
         title = optional_params.get("title")
@@ -133,6 +148,8 @@ class VertexAITextEmbeddingConfig(BaseModel):
 
         vertex_request["instances"] = vertex_text_embedding_input_list
         vertex_request["parameters"] = EmbeddingParameters(**optional_params)
+        if labels:
+            vertex_request["labels"] = labels
 
         return vertex_request
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/types.py b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/types.py
index 317b9c4fb81..bf73f4d193a 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/types.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/vertex_ai/vertex_embeddings/types.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Types for Vertex Embeddings Requests
 """
 
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import List, Optional, Union
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ class VertexEmbeddingRequest(TypedDict, total=False):
         List[TextEmbeddingFineTunedInput],
     ]
     parameters: Optional[Union[EmbeddingParameters, TextEmbeddingFineTunedParameters]]
+    labels: Optional[Dict[str, str]]
 
 
 # Example usage:
diff --git a/litellm/llms/voyage/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/voyage/rerank/transformation.py
index 521dae980d5..d64450a1211 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/voyage/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/voyage/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -67,7 +67,11 @@ class VoyageRerankConfig(BaseRerankConfig):
         return api_base
 
     def transform_rerank_request(
-        self, model: str, optional_rerank_params: Dict, headers: Dict
+        self,
+        model: str,
+        optional_rerank_params: Dict,
+        headers: Dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> Dict:
         return {"model": model, **optional_rerank_params}
 
diff --git a/litellm/llms/watsonx/rerank/transformation.py b/litellm/llms/watsonx/rerank/transformation.py
index 4f8e196f254..202760f68a6 100644
--- a/litellm/llms/watsonx/rerank/transformation.py
+++ b/litellm/llms/watsonx/rerank/transformation.py
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ class IBMWatsonXRerankConfig(IBMWatsonXMixin, BaseRerankConfig):
         model: str,
         optional_rerank_params: Dict,
         headers: dict,
+        litellm_params: Optional[dict] = None,
     ) -> dict:
         """
         Transform request to IBM watsonx.ai rerank format
diff --git a/litellm/main.py b/litellm/main.py
index daa0fb063aa..0079bd750cf 100644
--- a/litellm/main.py
+++ b/litellm/main.py
@@ -5311,6 +5311,7 @@ def embedding(  # noqa: PLR0915
                     api_key=api_key,
                     api_base=api_base,
                     client=client,
+                    litellm_params=litellm_params_dict,
                 )
         elif custom_llm_provider == "oobabooga":
             response = oobabooga.embedding(
diff --git a/litellm/rerank_api/main.py b/litellm/rerank_api/main.py
index 9868634362f..e27585116ce 100644
--- a/litellm/rerank_api/main.py
+++ b/litellm/rerank_api/main.py
@@ -163,19 +163,21 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
 
         model_response = RerankResponse()
 
+        rerank_litellm_params = {
+            "litellm_call_id": litellm_call_id,
+            "proxy_server_request": proxy_server_request,
+            "model_info": model_info,
+            "preset_cache_key": None,
+            "stream_response": {},
+            **optional_params.model_dump(exclude_unset=True),
+        }
+
         litellm_logging_obj.update_from_kwargs(
             kwargs=kwargs,
             model=model,
             user=user,
             optional_params=dict(optional_rerank_params),
-            litellm_params={
-                "litellm_call_id": litellm_call_id,
-                "proxy_server_request": proxy_server_request,
-                "model_info": model_info,
-                "preset_cache_key": None,
-                "stream_response": {},
-                **optional_params.model_dump(exclude_unset=True),
-            },
+            litellm_params=dict(rerank_litellm_params),
             custom_llm_provider=_custom_llm_provider,
         )
 
@@ -214,6 +216,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.AZURE_AI:
             api_base = (
@@ -235,6 +238,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.INFINITY:
             # Implement Infinity rerank logic
@@ -265,6 +269,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.TOGETHER_AI:
             # Implement Together AI rerank logic
@@ -318,6 +323,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.NVIDIA_NIM:
             if dynamic_api_key is None:
@@ -346,6 +352,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.BEDROCK:
             api_base = (
@@ -409,6 +416,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
 
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.DEEPINFRA:
@@ -442,6 +450,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.FIREWORKS_AI:
             api_key = (
@@ -472,6 +481,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.VOYAGE:
             api_key = (
@@ -500,6 +510,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         elif _custom_llm_provider == litellm.LlmProviders.WATSONX:
             credentials = IBMWatsonXMixin.get_watsonx_credentials(
@@ -527,6 +538,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
         else:
             # Generic handler for all providers that use base_llm_http_handler
@@ -559,6 +571,7 @@ def rerank(  # noqa: PLR0915
                 headers=headers or litellm.headers or {},
                 client=client,
                 model_response=model_response,
+                litellm_params=rerank_litellm_params,
             )
 
         # Placeholder return
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/test_vertex_ai_image_generation_transformation.py b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/test_vertex_ai_image_generation_transformation.py
index 6905cda0767..fe5b5a69c95 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/test_vertex_ai_image_generation_transformation.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/image_generation/test_vertex_ai_image_generation_transformation.py
@@ -373,6 +373,20 @@ class TestVertexAIImagenImageGenerationConfig:
         assert request["parameters"]["sampleCount"] == 2
         assert request["parameters"]["aspectRatio"] == "16:9"
 
+    def test_transform_image_generation_request_labels_from_metadata(self):
+        """Billing labels from litellm_params.metadata.requester_metadata on predict body."""
+        request = self.config.transform_image_generation_request(
+            model="imagegeneration@006",
+            prompt="A cat",
+            optional_params={},
+            litellm_params={
+                "metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"team": "platform", "env": "prod"}}
+            },
+            headers={},
+        )
+        assert request["labels"] == {"team": "platform", "env": "prod"}
+        assert "labels" not in request["parameters"]
+
     def test_transform_image_generation_response(self):
         """Test response transformation"""
         mock_response = MagicMock(spec=httpx.Response)
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_transformation.py b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_transformation.py
index d451fb24873..c2ea6f6fab9 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_transformation.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_transformation.py
@@ -216,6 +216,22 @@ class TestVertexAIRerankTransform:
         )
         assert request_data_default["ignoreRecordDetailsInResponse"] == False
 
+    def test_transform_rerank_request_user_labels_from_metadata(self):
+        """Discovery Engine Rank API uses userLabels (string map) for billing."""
+        optional_params = {
+            "query": "q",
+            "documents": ["a", "b"],
+        }
+        request_data = self.config.transform_rerank_request(
+            model=self.model,
+            optional_rerank_params=optional_params,
+            headers={},
+            litellm_params={
+                "metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"app": "litellm", "tier": "1"}}
+            },
+        )
+        assert request_data["userLabels"] == {"app": "litellm", "tier": "1"}
+
     def test_transform_rerank_request_missing_required_params(self):
         """Test that transform_rerank_request handles missing required parameters."""
         # Test missing query
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_userlabels_e2e.py b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_userlabels_e2e.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0b28fa9abc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/rerank/test_vertex_ai_rerank_userlabels_e2e.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+"""
+End-to-end tests for Vertex AI rerank `userLabels` propagation.
+
+These tests go through the full `litellm.rerank()` call path with the HTTP
+layer mocked, so they catch plumbing bugs (e.g. `litellm_params` losing
+`metadata` between the rerank entrypoint and the Vertex transform) that
+unit tests on `VertexAIRerankConfig.transform_rerank_request` miss.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import os
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+
+import litellm
+import litellm.llms.vertex_ai.rerank.transformation
+
+
+def _extract_body(call_kwargs):
+    """The rerank handler sends `data=json.dumps(...)`, not `json=...`."""
+    if "json" in call_kwargs and call_kwargs["json"] is not None:
+        return call_kwargs["json"]
+    raw = call_kwargs.get("data")
+    if isinstance(raw, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        raw = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    return json.loads(raw) if raw else None
+
+
+def _make_mock_rank_response():
+    mock_response = MagicMock(spec=httpx.Response)
+    mock_response.status_code = 200
+    mock_response.headers = {"content-type": "application/json"}
+    mock_response.json.return_value = {
+        "records": [
+            {"id": "0", "score": 0.9, "title": "doc 0", "content": "hello"},
+            {"id": "1", "score": 0.1, "title": "doc 1", "content": "world"},
+        ]
+    }
+    mock_response.text = '{"records": []}'
+    return mock_response
+
+
+def _make_async_mock_rank_response():
+    mock_response = AsyncMock()
+    mock_response.status_code = 200
+    mock_response.headers = {"content-type": "application/json"}
+    mock_response.json = MagicMock(
+        return_value={
+            "records": [
+                {"id": "0", "score": 0.9, "title": "doc 0", "content": "hello"},
+            ]
+        }
+    )
+    mock_response.text = '{"records": []}'
+    return mock_response
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def clean_vertex_env():
+    saved = {}
+    for var in (
+        "GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS",
+        "GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT",
+        "VERTEXAI_PROJECT",
+        "VERTEXAI_CREDENTIALS",
+        "VERTEX_AI_CREDENTIALS",
+        "VERTEX_PROJECT",
+        "VERTEX_LOCATION",
+        "VERTEX_AI_PROJECT",
+    ):
+        if var in os.environ:
+            saved[var] = os.environ.pop(var)
+    yield
+    for var, value in saved.items():
+        os.environ[var] = value
+
+
+def _patch_vertex_auth():
+    return patch.object(
+        litellm.llms.vertex_ai.rerank.transformation.VertexAIRerankConfig,
+        "_ensure_access_token",
+        return_value=("test-access-token", "test-project-2049"),
+    )
+
+
+def test_rerank_userlabels_propagates_from_metadata_sync(clean_vertex_env):
+    """
+    `litellm.rerank(metadata={"requester_metadata": {...}})` must end up as
+    `userLabels` on the Discovery Engine `:rank` request body.
+    """
+    captured = {}
+
+    def fake_post(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["body"] = _extract_body(kwargs)
+        return _make_mock_rank_response()
+
+    with (
+        _patch_vertex_auth(),
+        patch(
+            "litellm.llms.custom_httpx.http_handler.HTTPHandler.post",
+            side_effect=fake_post,
+        ),
+    ):
+        litellm.rerank(
+            model="vertex_ai/semantic-ranker-default@latest",
+            query="what is gemini?",
+            documents=["hello", "world"],
+            vertex_project="test-project-2049",
+            vertex_credentials='{"type": "service_account"}',
+            metadata={"requester_metadata": {"team": "platform", "env": "prod"}},
+        )
+
+    body = captured["body"]
+    assert body is not None, "expected POST body to be captured"
+    assert "userLabels" in body, (
+        "Vertex rerank request body is missing `userLabels` — metadata was "
+        "lost between litellm.rerank() and transform_rerank_request. "
+        f"body keys: {sorted(body.keys())}"
+    )
+    assert body["userLabels"] == {"team": "platform", "env": "prod"}
+
+
+def test_rerank_userlabels_propagates_from_metadata_async(clean_vertex_env):
+    """Same as the sync test, but through `litellm.arerank`."""
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_post(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["body"] = _extract_body(kwargs)
+        return _make_async_mock_rank_response()
+
+    with (
+        _patch_vertex_auth(),
+        patch(
+            "litellm.llms.custom_httpx.http_handler.AsyncHTTPHandler.post",
+            side_effect=fake_post,
+        ),
+    ):
+        asyncio.run(
+            litellm.arerank(
+                model="vertex_ai/semantic-ranker-default@latest",
+                query="what is gemini?",
+                documents=["hello", "world"],
+                vertex_project="test-project-2049",
+                vertex_credentials='{"type": "service_account"}',
+                metadata={"requester_metadata": {"team": "platform"}},
+            )
+        )
+
+    body = captured["body"]
+    assert body is not None
+    assert body.get("userLabels") == {"team": "platform"}
+
+
+def test_rerank_userlabels_absent_when_no_metadata(clean_vertex_env):
+    """No metadata → no `userLabels` key (don't send empty maps)."""
+    captured = {}
+
+    def fake_post(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["body"] = _extract_body(kwargs)
+        return _make_mock_rank_response()
+
+    with (
+        _patch_vertex_auth(),
+        patch(
+            "litellm.llms.custom_httpx.http_handler.HTTPHandler.post",
+            side_effect=fake_post,
+        ),
+    ):
+        litellm.rerank(
+            model="vertex_ai/semantic-ranker-default@latest",
+            query="what is gemini?",
+            documents=["hello", "world"],
+            vertex_project="test-project-2049",
+            vertex_credentials='{"type": "service_account"}',
+        )
+
+    body = captured["body"]
+    assert body is not None
+    assert "userLabels" not in body
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/test_vertex_ai_common_utils.py b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/test_vertex_ai_common_utils.py
index 95507390df9..7cb3faf6177 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/test_vertex_ai_common_utils.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/llms/vertex_ai/test_vertex_ai_common_utils.py
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ from litellm.llms.vertex_ai.common_utils import (
     convert_anyof_null_to_nullable,
     get_vertex_location_from_url,
     get_vertex_project_id_from_url,
+    pop_vertex_request_labels,
     set_schema_property_ordering,
+    vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params,
 )
 
 
@@ -1444,3 +1446,65 @@ def test_add_object_type_does_not_add_type_when_anyof_present():
 
     # Verify type was not added (anyOf handles the type)
     assert "type" not in input_schema, "type should not be added when anyOf is present"
+
+
+def test_vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params_extracts_requester_metadata():
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(None) is None
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params({}) is None
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params({"metadata": None}) is None
+    lp = {"metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"team": "analytics", "count": 3}}}
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(lp) == {"team": "analytics"}
+
+
+def test_vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params_accepts_litellm_metadata():
+    lp = {
+        "litellm_metadata": {
+            "requester_metadata": {"team": "platform", "count": 3}
+        }
+    }
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(lp) == {"team": "platform"}
+
+
+def test_vertex_request_labels_prefers_metadata_over_litellm_metadata():
+    lp = {
+        "metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"source": "metadata"}},
+        "litellm_metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"source": "litellm_metadata"}},
+    }
+    assert vertex_request_labels_from_litellm_params(lp) == {"source": "metadata"}
+
+
+def test_pop_vertex_request_labels_prefers_explicit_labels_then_metadata():
+    optional = {"labels": {"env": "prod"}}
+    litellm_params = {"metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"team": "x"}}}
+    assert pop_vertex_request_labels(optional, litellm_params) == {"env": "prod"}
+    assert "labels" not in optional
+
+    optional2: dict = {}
+    assert pop_vertex_request_labels(optional2, litellm_params) == {"team": "x"}
+
+    optional3 = {"labels": {"team": 123}}
+    assert pop_vertex_request_labels(optional3, litellm_params) == {"team": "x"}
+
+
+def test_pop_vertex_request_labels_uses_litellm_metadata_when_metadata_absent():
+    optional: dict = {}
+    litellm_params = {
+        "litellm_metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"team": "from_litellm_meta"}}
+    }
+    assert pop_vertex_request_labels(optional, litellm_params) == {
+        "team": "from_litellm_meta"
+    }
+
+
+def test_vertex_text_embedding_request_includes_labels_from_metadata():
+    import litellm
+
+    req = litellm.vertexAITextEmbeddingConfig.transform_openai_request_to_vertex_embedding_request(
+        input="hi",
+        optional_params={},
+        model="text-embedding-004",
+        litellm_params={
+            "metadata": {"requester_metadata": {"project_id": "cost-center-1"}}
+        },
+    )
+    assert req.get("labels") == {"project_id": "cost-center-1"}