From 71bc4442ed8ed9c242134bab50ab53fc2b3d7f84 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ishaan Jaffer <ishaanjaffer0324@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 6 May 2026 17:32:41 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] feat(managed_agents): add Sandbox ABC and ToolResult
 dataclass

---
 litellm/managed_agents/sandbox/base.py | 94 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 94 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 litellm/managed_agents/sandbox/base.py

diff --git a/litellm/managed_agents/sandbox/base.py b/litellm/managed_agents/sandbox/base.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81939adf5b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/litellm/managed_agents/sandbox/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+"""
+Sandbox abstraction — the venue where tool calls actually execute.
+
+The runtime separates *deciding what tool to call* (LLM tool loop) from
+*actually running the tool* (filesystem, shell, network). This lets the
+same runtime drive a tool loop against:
+
+  * ``LocalSandbox`` — execute in the proxy process (dev only)
+  * ``EC2SandboxViaSSM`` — execute on a remote VM via SSM RunCommand
+  * ``DockerSandbox`` — execute in a container (future)
+
+Each implementation only needs to honor ``execute_tool(name, input)``.
+"""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ToolResult:
+    """Result of executing a tool inside a sandbox.
+
+    ``output`` is whatever the tool returned (string, dict, bytes — caller
+    decides). ``is_error`` is True when the tool failed; the runtime maps
+    this onto the ``tool_result`` event ``is_error`` field which the LLM
+    then sees on its next turn. ``metadata`` is open-ended for sandbox
+    implementations that want to surface execution-venue details (exit
+    code, vm_id, region, duration_ms, etc.).
+    """
+
+    output: Any
+    is_error: bool = False
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class Sandbox(ABC):
+    """Where tool calls execute.
+
+    Subclasses implement ``execute_tool(tool_name, tool_input) -> ToolResult``.
+
+    The runtime calls into this for any tool the LLM requests. For example,
+    when the LLM emits a ``tool_use`` block ``{"name": "Bash", "input":
+    {"command": "ls"}}``, the runtime invokes
+    ``await sandbox.execute_tool("Bash", {"command": "ls"})`` and feeds the
+    result back into the next LLM turn as a ``tool_result``.
+
+    Implementations should be safe to share across concurrent runs only if
+    they document so explicitly. The default contract is "one Sandbox per
+    Session" — each Session owns its sandbox for the duration of its life.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def execute_tool(
+        self,
+        tool_name: str,
+        tool_input: Dict[str, Any],
+    ) -> ToolResult:
+        """Execute a tool and return its result.
+
+        Implementations must NOT raise on tool-level errors (e.g. the
+        command exited non-zero, the file did not exist). Instead, return
+        ``ToolResult(output=<error msg>, is_error=True)`` so the LLM can
+        see the failure and react. Raise only on infrastructure failures
+        (sandbox unreachable, OOM) so the runtime can decide whether to
+        abort the run or retry.
+        """
+
+    async def setup(self) -> None:
+        """Optional: prepare the sandbox before the first tool call.
+
+        Override for sandboxes that need to provision a VM, clone repos,
+        install deps, etc. Default is no-op so simple sandboxes
+        (``LocalSandbox``) can ignore it.
+        """
+        return None
+
+    async def teardown(self) -> None:
+        """Optional: clean up after the last tool call.
+
+        Override for sandboxes that need to release a VM, delete a
+        container, etc. Default is no-op.
+        """
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def cwd(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Optional working directory hint for runtimes that need one
+        (e.g. claude-agent-sdk's ``ClaudeAgentOptions.cwd``).
+
+        Returning ``None`` means "no hint" — the runtime falls back to
+        whatever default it normally uses.
+        """
+        return None