diff --git a/litellm/integrations/otel/plumbing/providers.py b/litellm/integrations/otel/plumbing/providers.py
index b60bcde2b5a..bb1abb493db 100644
--- a/litellm/integrations/otel/plumbing/providers.py
+++ b/litellm/integrations/otel/plumbing/providers.py
@@ -430,6 +430,7 @@ class TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
         shutdown_drain_seconds: float = _SHUTDOWN_DRAIN_SECONDS,
         operator_sinks: frozenset[_SinkKey] = frozenset(),
         pending_drains: int = _MAX_PENDING_DRAINS,
+        drain_pool: _DrainPool | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self._operator_sinks: Final = operator_sinks
         self._drain_seconds: Final = shutdown_drain_seconds
@@ -439,7 +440,7 @@ class TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
         self._processors: OrderedDict[object, SpanProcessor] = OrderedDict()  # mutable-ok: bounded LRU
         self._retired: OrderedDict[int, SpanProcessor] = OrderedDict()  # mutable-ok: drains as exports finish
         self._exporting: dict[int, int] = {}  # mutable-ok: per-processor in-flight export count
-        self._drain: Final = _DrainPool(capacity=pending_drains)
+        self._drain: Final = drain_pool if drain_pool is not None else _DrainPool(capacity=pending_drains)
 
     def on_start(self, span: SDKSpan, parent_context: Context | None = None) -> None:
         return None
@@ -537,9 +538,9 @@ class TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
                 return False
             built: Final = self._cached_or_built_locked(destination)
             drained: Final = self._drainable_locked()
-        for shed in drained:
-            self._drain.submit(shed)
-        return built is not None
+            for shed in drained:
+                self._drain.submit(shed)
+            return built is not None
 
     def _acquire(self, destination: "OtelDestination") -> SpanProcessor | None:
         """The processor for ``destination``, marked busy until ``_release``.
@@ -557,9 +558,9 @@ class TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
                 return None
             self._exporting[id(processor)] = self._exporting.get(id(processor), 0) + 1
             drained: Final = self._drainable_locked()
-        for shed in drained:
-            self._drain.submit(shed)
-        return processor
+            for shed in drained:
+                self._drain.submit(shed)
+            return processor
 
     def _cached_or_built_locked(self, destination: "OtelDestination") -> SpanProcessor | None:
         key: Final = destination.cache_key()
@@ -596,8 +597,8 @@ class TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(SpanProcessor):
                 if not self._exporting:
                     self._lock.notify_all()
             drained: Final = self._drainable_locked()
-        for retired in drained:
-            self._drain.submit(retired)
+            for retired in drained:
+                self._drain.submit(retired)
 
     def _retire_overflow_locked(self) -> None:
         """Move the LRU processor out of the cache once it is past the cap."""
diff --git a/tests/test_litellm/integrations/otel/test_otel_v2_destinations.py b/tests/test_litellm/integrations/otel/test_otel_v2_destinations.py
index 4cdc1d93e78..410c4ae4cc6 100644
--- a/tests/test_litellm/integrations/otel/test_otel_v2_destinations.py
+++ b/tests/test_litellm/integrations/otel/test_otel_v2_destinations.py
@@ -1735,6 +1735,58 @@ class TestEvictionSafety:
             time.sleep(0.02)
 
         assert fan_out.deliverable((self._dest(999),)) == (self._dest(999),), "the fan-out never recovered"
+
+    def test_concurrent_eviction_cannot_build_between_retirement_and_drain_submission(self):
+        """A second request cannot build while the first eviction is being handed to
+        the drain, or concurrent churn can outrun the pending-drain limit."""
+        import threading
+
+        from litellm.integrations.otel.plumbing.providers import (
+            _DrainPool,
+            _MAX_CACHED_DESTINATION_PROCESSORS,
+        )
+
+        class GatedDrain(_DrainPool):
+            def __init__(self):
+                super().__init__(workers=0)
+                self.started = threading.Event()
+                self.release = threading.Event()
+
+            def saturated(self):
+                return False
+
+            def submit(self, processor):
+                if not self.started.is_set():
+                    self.started.set()
+                    self.release.wait(timeout=5)
+
+        built = []
+
+        def factory(_destination):
+            built.append(self.Recording())
+            return built[-1]
+
+        drain = GatedDrain()
+        fan_out = TenantFanOutSpanProcessor(processor_factory=factory, drain_pool=drain)
+        for index in range(_MAX_CACHED_DESTINATION_PROCESSORS):
+            fan_out._release(fan_out._acquire(self._dest(index)))
+
+        first = threading.Thread(target=lambda: fan_out._release(fan_out._acquire(self._dest(32))))
+        first.start()
+        assert drain.started.wait(timeout=5)
+        second = threading.Thread(target=lambda: fan_out._release(fan_out._acquire(self._dest(33))))
+        second.start()
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        assert len(built) == _MAX_CACHED_DESTINATION_PROCESSORS + 1
+
+        drain.release.set()
+        first.join(timeout=5)
+        second.join(timeout=5)
+        assert not first.is_alive() and not second.is_alive()
+        assert len(built) == _MAX_CACHED_DESTINATION_PROCESSORS + 2
+
+    def test_drain_workers_are_daemons(self):
         """Python joins a ThreadPoolExecutor's workers at interpreter exit, so one
         unreachable tenant collector would hold the proxy open for its export
         timeout on the way down."""