diff --git a/tests/e2e/coverage_registry/llm_conversational.yaml b/tests/e2e/coverage_registry/llm_conversational.yaml
index 26280d35da0..fc3a61c078f 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/coverage_registry/llm_conversational.yaml
+++ b/tests/e2e/coverage_registry/llm_conversational.yaml
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 - {id: llm.chat_completions.azure_openai.basic.nonstream.works, module: llm, tier: P0, subject_endpoint: chat_completions, route: azure_openai, capability: basic, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works], source: "proxy_server.py:8455", rationale: "P0 route; Azure OpenAI deployments"}
 - {id: llm.chat_completions.azure_openai.tool_use.nonstream.works, module: llm, tier: P0, subject_endpoint: chat_completions, route: azure_openai, capability: tool_use, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works], source: "model_prices json", rationale: "Azure OpenAI function_calling"}
 - {id: llm.chat_completions.azure_foundry.basic.nonstream.works, module: llm, tier: P1, subject_endpoint: chat_completions, route: azure_foundry, capability: basic, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works], source: "proxy_server.py:8455", rationale: "Azure Foundry (azure_ai); newer, smoke"}
+- {id: llm.chat_completions.hosted_vllm.passthrough.nonstream.works, module: llm, tier: P1, subject_endpoint: chat_completions, route: hosted_vllm, capability: basic, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works], source: "test_vllm_passthrough_e2e.py", rationale: "OpenAI-format chat via the raw /vllm/{endpoint} passthrough (/vllm/v1/chat/completions), forwarded to a self-hosted vLLM-compatible backend (VLLM_API_BASE); LIT-4751. Batch/file passthrough is not coverable on self-hosted vLLM, which serves no OpenAI Batch API"}
 - {id: llm.messages.anthropic.basic.nonstream.works, module: llm, tier: P0, subject_endpoint: messages, route: anthropic, capability: basic, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works], source: "anthropic_endpoints/endpoints.py:64", rationale: "Core endpoint; Anthropic Messages native"}
 - {id: llm.messages.anthropic.basic.stream.works, module: llm, tier: P0, subject_endpoint: messages, route: anthropic, capability: basic, streaming: stream, assertions: [works], source: "anthropic_endpoints/endpoints.py:64", rationale: "Streaming Messages API"}
 - {id: llm.messages.anthropic.basic.nonstream.cost_logged, module: llm, tier: P0, subject_endpoint: messages, route: anthropic, capability: basic, streaming: nonstream, assertions: [works, cost_logged], source: "anthropic_endpoints/endpoints.py:64", rationale: "Cost logged on passthrough"}
diff --git a/tests/e2e/llm_translation/passthrough_client.py b/tests/e2e/llm_translation/passthrough_client.py
index 0576321ede1..c74da3e9abc 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/llm_translation/passthrough_client.py
+++ b/tests/e2e/llm_translation/passthrough_client.py
@@ -102,6 +102,12 @@ class AnthropicMessageBody(BaseModel):
     stream: bool = False
 
 
+class VllmChatBody(BaseModel):
+    model: str
+    messages: list[ChatMessage]
+    max_tokens: int = 64
+
+
 def _tags_header(tags: list[str] | None) -> str | None:
     return ",".join(tags) if tags else None
 
@@ -185,6 +191,19 @@ class PassthroughClient:
             stream=stream,
         )
 
+    def vllm_chat(
+        self, key: str, model: str, text: str, *, max_tokens: int = 64
+    ) -> StreamingResponse:
+        return self.proxy.transport.send(
+            "/vllm/v1/chat/completions",
+            headers=self.proxy.transport.bearer(key),
+            json=VllmChatBody(
+                model=model,
+                max_tokens=max_tokens,
+                messages=[ChatMessage(role="user", content=text)],
+            ),
+        )
+
 
 def build_client(proxy: ProxyClient) -> PassthroughClient:
     return PassthroughClient(proxy=proxy)
diff --git a/tests/e2e/llm_translation/test_vllm_passthrough_e2e.py b/tests/e2e/llm_translation/test_vllm_passthrough_e2e.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ea7d3147c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/llm_translation/test_vllm_passthrough_e2e.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""Live e2e for the /vllm passthrough route.
+
+/vllm/{endpoint} is a raw passthrough: the client sends an OpenAI-format request
+and litellm forwards it verbatim to the configured vLLM backend (VLLM_API_BASE),
+with no per-request model registration (unlike the managed hosted_vllm path in
+tests/e2e/batches). This drives /vllm/v1/chat/completions and asserts the
+forwarded completion comes back with real content.
+
+On stage the backend is a CPU llama.cpp server standing in for vLLM (the cluster
+is GPU-less and its CPU nodes lack the AVX512 vLLM's CPU build needs); from
+litellm's side the passthrough code path is identical. Batch and file passthrough
+(/vllm/v1/batches, /vllm/v1/files) is not covered: no self-hosted
+vLLM-compatible server implements the OpenAI Batch API, so there is no backend to
+forward those routes to.
+
+A passthrough call returning non-2xx fails hard (never a skip); once it is 2xx, a
+missing or empty completion fails too.
+"""
+
+import pytest
+
+from e2e_config import unique_marker
+from e2e_http import require_successful_call
+from models import ChatResponse
+from passthrough_client import PassthroughClient
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.e2e
+
+VLLM_PASSTHROUGH_MODEL = "qwen2.5-0.5b-instruct"
+
+
+class TestVllmChatPassthrough:
+    @pytest.mark.covers("llm.chat_completions.hosted_vllm.passthrough.nonstream.works")
+    def test_vllm_chat_passthrough_returns_completion(
+        self, client: PassthroughClient, scoped_key: str
+    ) -> None:
+        result = client.vllm_chat(
+            scoped_key, VLLM_PASSTHROUGH_MODEL, f"Say hello in one word ({unique_marker()})"
+        )
+        require_successful_call(result)
+
+        parsed = ChatResponse.model_validate_json(result.body)
+        assert parsed.choices, f"/vllm chat passthrough returned no choices: {result.body[:300]}"
+        message = parsed.choices[0].message
+        content = (message.content if message else None) or ""
+        assert content.strip(), f"/vllm chat passthrough returned empty content: {result.body[:300]}"