diff --git a/index.go b/index.go
index e15013023..f81ca810d 100644
--- a/index.go
+++ b/index.go
@@ -368,6 +368,11 @@ func (i *Index) createFrame(name string, opt FrameOptions) (*Frame, error) {
 		return nil, ErrInvalidCacheType
 	}
 
+	// Validate that row label does not match column label.
+	if i.columnLabel == opt.RowLabel || (opt.RowLabel == "" && i.columnLabel == DefaultRowLabel) {
+		return nil, ErrColumnRowLabelEqual
+	}
+
 	// Initialize frame.
 	f, err := i.newFrame(i.FramePath(name), name)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/index_test.go b/index_test.go
index 8299f5068..b98c8f791 100644
--- a/index_test.go
+++ b/index_test.go
@@ -34,42 +34,70 @@ func TestIndex_CreateFrameIfNotExists(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// Ensure index is assigned the correct time quantum on creation.
-func TestIndex_CreateFrame_TimeQuantum(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("Explicit", func(t *testing.T) {
-		index := MustOpenIndex()
-		defer index.Close()
+func TestIndex_CreateFrame(t *testing.T) {
+	// Ensure time quantum can be set appropriately on a new frame.
+	t.Run("TimeQuantum", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("Explicit", func(t *testing.T) {
+			index := MustOpenIndex()
+			defer index.Close()
 
-		// Set index time quantum.
-		if err := index.SetTimeQuantum(pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM")); err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+			// Set index time quantum.
+			if err := index.SetTimeQuantum(pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM")); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
 
-		// Create frame with explicit quantum.
-		f, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{TimeQuantum: pilosa.TimeQuantum("YMDH")})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		} else if q := f.TimeQuantum(); q != pilosa.TimeQuantum("YMDH") {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected frame time quantum: %s", q)
-		}
+			// Create frame with explicit quantum.
+			f, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{TimeQuantum: pilosa.TimeQuantum("YMDH")})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			} else if q := f.TimeQuantum(); q != pilosa.TimeQuantum("YMDH") {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected frame time quantum: %s", q)
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run("Inherited", func(t *testing.T) {
+			index := MustOpenIndex()
+			defer index.Close()
+
+			// Set index time quantum.
+			if err := index.SetTimeQuantum(pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM")); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			// Create frame.
+			f, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			} else if q := f.TimeQuantum(); q != pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM") {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected frame time quantum: %s", q)
+			}
+		})
 	})
 
-	t.Run("Inherited", func(t *testing.T) {
-		index := MustOpenIndex()
-		defer index.Close()
+	// Ensure frame cannot be created with a matching row label.
+	t.Run("ErrColumnRowLabelEqual", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("Explicit", func(t *testing.T) {
+			index := MustOpenIndex()
+			defer index.Close()
 
-		// Set index time quantum.
-		if err := index.SetTimeQuantum(pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM")); err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+			_, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{RowLabel: pilosa.DefaultColumnLabel})
+			if err != pilosa.ErrColumnRowLabelEqual {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+			}
+		})
 
-		// Create frame.
-		f, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		} else if q := f.TimeQuantum(); q != pilosa.TimeQuantum("YM") {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected frame time quantum: %s", q)
-		}
+		t.Run("Default", func(t *testing.T) {
+			index := MustOpenIndex()
+			defer index.Close()
+			if err := index.SetColumnLabel(pilosa.DefaultRowLabel); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			_, err := index.CreateFrame("f", pilosa.FrameOptions{})
+			if err != pilosa.ErrColumnRowLabelEqual {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+			}
+		})
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/pilosa.go b/pilosa.go
index 1736cccb9..72ed4a49d 100644
--- a/pilosa.go
+++ b/pilosa.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ var (
 	ErrFrameExists          = errors.New("frame already exists")
 	ErrFrameNotFound        = errors.New("frame not found")
 	ErrFrameInverseDisabled = errors.New("frame inverse disabled")
+	ErrColumnRowLabelEqual  = errors.New("column and row labels cannot be equal")
 
 	ErrInvalidView      = errors.New("invalid view")
 	ErrInvalidCacheType = errors.New("invalid cache type")