# Personal Productivity System — The 3x5 Card & Anti-Todo List

The personal-effectiveness layer of the skill, drawn from "The Pmarca Guide to Personal
Productivity" (blog.pmarca.com, 2007). This is the daily operating routine that pairs with the
strategic market/PMF lens.

## The structured to-do list, capped at 3-5 (front of the card)

Each morning, take a single 3x5 index card. On the front, write the **3 to 5 things — no more —
that you must get done today.** The cap is the entire discipline:

> "Anything not on the front of the card … is not getting done today."  *(paraphrase)*

If everything is a priority, nothing is. The cap forces the brutal triage that most to-do systems
avoid by letting the list grow unbounded. `anti_todo_card.py` **enforces** the cap — a 6th item is
rejected, not silently accepted. **Confidence: high** that the 3-5 cap and index-card form are the
documented technique (widely reproduced from the pmarca productivity guide).

## The Anti-Todo List (back of the card)

The signature move. On the **back** of the card you keep the "Anti-Todo List": throughout the day,
**every time you finish something — anything, even items that were never on the front — you write
it down and immediately cross it off.**

The mechanism is psychological, not organizational:

> "Each time I do something … I get to write it down on my Anti-Todo list and then immediately
> cross it off. … By the end of the day, you've got a list of everything you got done — instead of
> staring at a to-do list of everything you didn't."  *(paraphrase)*

A normal to-do list is a guilt machine: it shows you what you failed to do. The Anti-Todo list is a
dopamine machine: it shows you what you actually accomplished, which sustains momentum. At the end of
the day you **throw the card away** and start fresh tomorrow. **Confidence: high** on the Anti-Todo
concept and the throw-away-daily ritual (these are the most-cited parts of the guide).

## "Don't keep a schedule" — and the important caveat

The 2007 guide's most provocative rule was **"Don't keep a schedule"**: keep your time radically
open so you can work on whatever is most important or most opportune in the moment, rather than
being a slave to a calendar of commitments. **Confidence: high** that he wrote this in 2007.

**Important caveat — Andreessen reversed this.** In later interviews (notably with Tim Ferriss,
~2016, and elsewhere) Andreessen said he flipped completely and became rigorously calendar-driven,
scheduling his time tightly. **Confidence: high** that he publicly reversed; **moderate** on the
exact venue/date. The skill therefore presents "don't keep a schedule" as a *historical* technique
with its known reversal attached, rather than as live advice. This is the operating prompt's
"double check all facts / if you don't know, say so" clause applied honestly.

## How the daily routine pairs with the strategic lens

The personal-productivity layer is not separate from the market/PMF layer — it is how you spend the
day *given* the strategic verdict:

- If the market evaluator says `BUILD-POUR-FUEL`, your 3-5 must-dos should be the highest-leverage
  fuel-on-the-fire actions, and the Anti-Todo list will fill fast.
- If the verdict is `MARKET-FIRST-DERISK`, at least one of your daily must-dos should be the
  cheapest experiment that generates market evidence — not product polish.
- If `BEFORE-PMF`, the must-dos are PMF-seeking moves (talk to churned users, test a new segment),
  and product-maintenance work stays off the front of the card.

The discipline: the front of the card is downstream of the strategic verdict. You don't fill it with
whatever is loudest; you fill it with what moves the dominant variable.

## Steel-man (per the operating prompt)

- **The 3-5 cap is arbitrary** and can push real work into permanent backlog. Confidence: moderate —
  but the cost of an unbounded list (nothing gets prioritized) is empirically worse.
- **The Anti-Todo list can reward busywork** — you feel productive logging trivial completions while
  the hard, important thing stays untouched on the front. Confidence: high this is a real failure
  mode; mitigated by keeping the strategic verdict as the source of the front-of-card items.
- **"Don't keep a schedule" is survivable only with extreme autonomy.** It is advice from someone
  who controlled his own calendar; it breaks for anyone with meetings imposed on them. Confidence: high.

## Sources

1. Marc Andreessen, "The Pmarca Guide to Personal Productivity," blog.pmarca.com, 2007. Confidence: high.
2. *The Pmarca Blog Archives* (a16z collected PDF). Confidence: high.
3. Marc Andreessen interview, *The Tim Ferriss Show* (~2016) — the reversal on scheduling. Confidence: moderate.
4. John Perry, "Structured Procrastination" (1995, structuredprocrastination.com) — cited by
   Andreessen as an influence on the anti-todo framing. Confidence: moderate.
5. David Allen, *Getting Things Done* (2001) — contrast point: GTD's exhaustive capture vs.
   Andreessen's deliberately capped 3-5. Confidence: high.
6. Oliver Burkeman, *Four Thousand Weeks* (2021) — the case for radical triage / accepting you
   can't do it all, which the 3-5 cap embodies. Confidence: high.
7. BJ Fogg, *Tiny Habits* (2019) — the dopamine-reinforcement mechanism behind the Anti-Todo
   crossing-off ritual. Confidence: moderate.
