diff --git a/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/array-utils.ts b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/array-utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..33b492bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/array-utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/**
+ * Append all elements from `source` into `target` without using the spread
+ * operator.  `target.push(...source)` converts every element into a function
+ * argument which exceeds V8's call-stack limit when `source` has more than
+ * ~65 000 entries (common in large monoliths with many symbols).
+ */
+export function safePushAll<T>(target: T[], source: readonly T[]): void {
+  for (let i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
+    target.push(source[i]);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/pipeline.ts b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/pipeline.ts
index 1e1193b68..6d455c144 100644
--- a/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/pipeline.ts
+++ b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/pipeline.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createKnowledgeGraph } from '../graph/graph.js';
+import { safePushAll } from './array-utils.js';
 import { processStructure } from './structure-processor.js';
 import { processMarkdown } from './markdown-processor.js';
 import { processCobol, isCobolFile, isJclFile } from './cobol-processor.js';
@@ -72,20 +73,6 @@ import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
 
 const isDev = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development';
 
-/**
- * Append all elements from `source` into `target` without using the spread
- * operator.  `target.push(...source)` converts every element into a function
- * argument which exceeds V8's call-stack limit when `source` has more than
- * ~65 000 entries (common in large monoliths with many symbols).
- *
- * Exported for regression testing — see safe-push-all.test.ts.
- */
-export function safePushAll<T>(target: T[], source: readonly T[]): void {
-  for (let i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
-    target.push(source[i]);
-  }
-}
-
 const EXPO_NAV_PATTERNS = [
   /router\.(push|replace|navigate)\(\s*['"`]([^'"`]+)['"`]/g,
   /<Link\s+[^>]*href=\s*['"`]([^'"`]+)['"`]/g,
diff --git a/gitnexus/test/unit/safe-push-all.test.ts b/gitnexus/test/unit/safe-push-all.test.ts
index 5e8ca698b..8ebe756ab 100644
--- a/gitnexus/test/unit/safe-push-all.test.ts
+++ b/gitnexus/test/unit/safe-push-all.test.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 /**
- * Regression test for safePushAll — the helper introduced to replace
- * `array.push(...largeArray)` in the pipeline chunk-accumulation loop.
+ * Regression tests for the safePushAll helper and the pipeline call sites
+ * that must use it instead of `array.push(...largeArray)`.
  *
  * The spread operator converts every element into a V8 call-stack argument.
  * At ~65k+ elements a single `push(...arr)` call overflows the stack.
- * This test ensures safePushAll handles that size without crashing and
- * will catch any future reintroduction of the spread pattern.
+ *
+ * Two layers of defense:
+ * 1. Unit tests — safePushAll itself works at scale.
+ * 2. Static analysis — pipeline.ts contains no `.push(...` in the
+ *    chunk-accumulation section, catching future reintroductions.
  */
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-import { safePushAll } from '../../src/core/ingestion/pipeline.js';
+import { safePushAll } from '../../src/core/ingestion/array-utils.js';
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
 
-/** Size that reliably triggers the V8 stack overflow with push(...arr). */
+/** Size well above V8's ~65k call-stack argument limit. */
 const OVERFLOW_SIZE = 200_000;
 
 describe('safePushAll', () => {
@@ -37,12 +42,52 @@ describe('safePushAll', () => {
     for (let i = 0; i < OVERFLOW_SIZE; i++) source[i] = i;
 
     const target: number[] = [];
-    // This must not throw — push(...source) would RangeError here.
     safePushAll(target, source);
 
     expect(target.length).toBe(OVERFLOW_SIZE);
-    // Spot-check order is preserved at boundaries
     expect(target[0]).toBe(0);
     expect(target[OVERFLOW_SIZE - 1]).toBe(OVERFLOW_SIZE - 1);
   });
 });
+
+describe('pipeline.ts has no spread-push in chunk accumulation', () => {
+  const pipelinePath = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../src/core/ingestion/pipeline.ts');
+  const source = fs.readFileSync(pipelinePath, 'utf-8');
+  const lines = source.split('\n');
+
+  it('does not use .push(...) on deferred accumulation arrays', () => {
+    // These are the arrays that accumulate per-chunk worker results.
+    // Any .push(...) on them will overflow on large repos.
+    const accumulatorNames = [
+      'deferredWorkerCalls',
+      'deferredWorkerHeritage',
+      'deferredConstructorBindings',
+      'deferredAssignments',
+      'workerTypeEnvBindings',
+      'allFetchCalls',
+      'allExtractedRoutes',
+      'allDecoratorRoutes',
+      'allToolDefs',
+      'allORMQueries',
+    ];
+
+    const spreadPushPattern = /\.push\(\.\.\./;
+    const violations: string[] = [];
+
+    lines.forEach((line, idx) => {
+      if (spreadPushPattern.test(line)) {
+        const trimmed = line.trim();
+        // Check if the push target is one of the known accumulator arrays
+        if (accumulatorNames.some((name) => trimmed.startsWith(`${name}.push(`))) {
+          violations.push(`line ${idx + 1}: ${trimmed}`);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    expect(
+      violations,
+      'Found .push(...) on chunk-accumulation arrays in pipeline.ts. ' +
+        'Use safePushAll() instead to avoid V8 stack overflow on large repos.',
+    ).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});