diff --git a/gitnexus/bench/scope-capture/baselines.json b/gitnexus/bench/scope-capture/baselines.json
index e3b65379eb..11fa8c92c9 100644
--- a/gitnexus/bench/scope-capture/baselines.json
+++ b/gitnexus/bench/scope-capture/baselines.json
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@
     "_rebaselined": "#1956 synth-widening: + javascript-qualified-base fixture; synthesizeJsInheritanceReferences now handles a member_expression base (class S extends ns.Base -> Base), matching the #1940 legacy leg + the TS terminalTsTypeNameNode property_identifier case, at parity. Linear (~1.05). | #942: scope-resolution-only cleanup reworded fixture comments; capture byte-positions shift, capture LOGIC unchanged."
   },
   "kotlin": {
-    "fingerprint": "9b212eca24959cc1705933df213f4ec739c5c1b4580c7929347d37bf4d72ba8a",
+    "fingerprint": "a16400622892183581b8f5f8fa01f07842d19b8cf49ed021df52bd17009d749f",
     "scaling_budget": 1.5,
     "_added": "#1951: bench coverage added (was ungated); scale source heritage-bearing (: Base()); js/kotlin O(n^2) findNodeAtRange-per-match fixed to threaded captured node, now linear.",
-    "_rebaselined": "#1956 synth-widening: + kotlin-qualified-base fixture; synthesizeKotlinInheritanceReferences now handles the explicit_delegation form (class F : Iface by d -> Iface), matching the #1940 legacy leg, at parity. Linear (~0.87). | #942: scope-resolution-only cleanup reworded fixture comments; capture byte-positions shift, capture LOGIC unchanged."
+    "_rebaselined": "#1956 synth-widening: + kotlin-qualified-base fixture; synthesizeKotlinInheritanceReferences now handles the explicit_delegation form (class F : Iface by d -> Iface), matching the #1940 legacy leg, at parity. Linear (~0.87). | #942: scope-resolution-only cleanup reworded fixture comments; capture byte-positions shift, capture LOGIC unchanged. | #1930 F45: default parameters now emit optional-arity metadata; capture fingerprint changes, scaling remains linear."
   }
 }
diff --git a/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/method-extractors/configs/jvm.ts b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/method-extractors/configs/jvm.ts
index df7476ceb2..3233dc9386 100644
--- a/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/method-extractors/configs/jvm.ts
+++ b/gitnexus/src/core/ingestion/method-extractors/configs/jvm.ts
@@ -176,6 +176,16 @@ export const javaMethodConfig: MethodExtractionConfig = {
 
 const KOTLIN_VIS = new Set<MethodVisibility>(['public', 'private', 'protected', 'internal']);
 
+function kotlinParameterHasDefaultValue(param: SyntaxNode): boolean {
+  // tree-sitter-kotlin inlines `_function_value_parameter`, so `=` and its
+  // expression are siblings of `parameter`, not children of the parameter.
+  for (let sibling = param.nextSibling; sibling !== null; sibling = sibling.nextSibling) {
+    if (sibling.type === ',' || sibling.type === ')') return false;
+    if (sibling.type === '=') return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 function extractKotlinParameters(node: SyntaxNode): ParameterInfo[] {
   const params: ParameterInfo[] = [];
   // Kotlin: function_declaration > function_value_parameters > parameter
@@ -199,7 +209,6 @@ function extractKotlinParameters(node: SyntaxNode): ParameterInfo[] {
         let paramName: string | undefined;
         let paramType: string | null = null;
         let paramRawType: string | null = null;
-        let hasDefault = false;
         const isVariadic = nextIsVariadic;
         nextIsVariadic = false;
 
@@ -218,21 +227,12 @@ function extractKotlinParameters(node: SyntaxNode): ParameterInfo[] {
           }
         }
 
-        // Check for default value: `= expr`
-        for (let k = 0; k < param.childCount; k++) {
-          const c = param.child(k);
-          if (c && c.text === '=') {
-            hasDefault = true;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-
         if (paramName) {
           params.push({
             name: paramName,
             type: paramType,
             rawType: paramRawType,
-            isOptional: hasDefault,
+            isOptional: kotlinParameterHasDefaultValue(param),
             isVariadic: isVariadic,
           });
         }
diff --git a/gitnexus/test/unit/kotlin-scope-captures.test.ts b/gitnexus/test/unit/kotlin-scope-captures.test.ts
index bba271ac0f..4639ec4a2d 100644
--- a/gitnexus/test/unit/kotlin-scope-captures.test.ts
+++ b/gitnexus/test/unit/kotlin-scope-captures.test.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,26 @@ function captureTexts(source: string): Array<Record<string, string>> {
 }
 
 describe('Kotlin scope captures', () => {
+  it('emits required arity equal to total arity when no parameters have defaults', () => {
+    const captures = captureTexts(`
+      fun greet(name: String, greeting: String) {}
+    `);
+    const declaration = captures.find((match) => match['@declaration.function'] !== undefined);
+
+    expect(declaration?.['@declaration.parameter-count']).toBe('2');
+    expect(declaration?.['@declaration.required-parameter-count']).toBe('2');
+  });
+
+  it('emits required arity excluding default parameters', () => {
+    const captures = captureTexts(`
+      fun greet(name: String, greeting: String = "Hello", punctuation: String = "!") {}
+    `);
+    const declaration = captures.find((match) => match['@declaration.function'] !== undefined);
+
+    expect(declaration?.['@declaration.parameter-count']).toBe('3');
+    expect(declaration?.['@declaration.required-parameter-count']).toBe('1');
+  });
+
   it('counts trailing lambda call suffixes as call arguments', () => {
     const captures = captureTexts(`
       fun run(items: List<String>) {
diff --git a/gitnexus/test/unit/method-extraction.test.ts b/gitnexus/test/unit/method-extraction.test.ts
index f13dfbd042..452ebc0bd2 100644
--- a/gitnexus/test/unit/method-extraction.test.ts
+++ b/gitnexus/test/unit/method-extraction.test.ts
@@ -504,6 +504,54 @@ describeKotlin('Kotlin MethodExtractor', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('default parameters', () => {
+    it('keeps all required parameters non-optional', () => {
+      const tree = parseKotlin(`
+        class Greeter {
+          fun greet(name: String, greeting: String) { }
+        }
+      `);
+      const classNode = tree.rootNode.child(0)!;
+      const result = extractor.extract(classNode, kotlinCtx);
+
+      expect(result!.methods[0].parameters.map((parameter) => parameter.isOptional)).toEqual([
+        false,
+        false,
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it('marks parameters with default expressions as optional', () => {
+      const tree = parseKotlin(`
+        class Greeter {
+          fun greet(name: String, greeting: String = "Hello", punctuation: String = "!") { }
+        }
+      `);
+      const classNode = tree.rootNode.child(0)!;
+      const result = extractor.extract(classNode, kotlinCtx);
+
+      expect(result!.methods[0].parameters.map((parameter) => parameter.isOptional)).toEqual([
+        false,
+        true,
+        true,
+      ]);
+    });
+
+    it('preserves a required parameter after a defaulted parameter', () => {
+      const tree = parseKotlin(`
+        class Greeter {
+          fun greet(greeting: String = "Hello", name: String) { }
+        }
+      `);
+      const classNode = tree.rootNode.child(0)!;
+      const result = extractor.extract(classNode, kotlinCtx);
+
+      expect(result!.methods[0].parameters.map((parameter) => parameter.isOptional)).toEqual([
+        true,
+        false,
+      ]);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('extension functions', () => {
     it('extracts receiverType for extension functions', () => {
       const tree = parseKotlin(`